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Stings of female Leiurus quinquestriatus (left) (Israel) and female L. abdullahbayrami sp. nov. (right) (a paratype from Adıyaman Province).
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Leiurus abdullahbayrami sp. nov. is described from Southeastern Turkey and compared with other species of the genus, in particular with L. quinquestriatus, which was previously misidentified from Turkey. The new species is readily distinguished from other members of the genus by pedipalp chela and metasomal segments that are distinctly shorter than...
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A new collection of 8 species of harvestmen are reported from Turkey. Two of them: Zachaeus redikorzevi
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of the country, represent new records for Turkish harvestmen fauna. These species are illustrated and their
data regarding collecting sites and...
Citations
... Lowe et al. (2014) stated that the genus Leiurus consists of a group of allopatric or parapatric species distributed across a wide geographical range, however they are separated by physical barriers, and predicted additional new species. The presence and description of new species across the Middle East; L. abdullahbayrami from Turkey (Yağmur et al., 2009), L. kuwaiti (Lourenço, 2020) from Kuwait, L. maculatus from Iraq (Lourenço, 2022), and L. sinai from Sinai confirms predictions of Lowe et al. (2014). ...
A new remarkable buthid scorpion, Leiurus nigellus sp. nov., was discovered in Al Ula Governorate, north of Al Madinah Al Monawwarah Province, Saudi Arabia. The new species is described, fully illustrated, and compared with other species of the genus Leiurus reported from the Arabian Peninsula. Notes on its habitats are provided.
... The genus Leiurus was first introduced by Ehrenberg in Hemprich and Ehrenberg (1829) as a subgenus of Androctonus. While Vachon (1949) considered L. quinquestriatus the only species of the genus, several new species have been described in recent years, spanning a vast geographical area and a variety of habitats (Lourenço et al. 2002(Lourenço et al. , 2006(Lourenço et al. , 2018Yağmur et al. 2009;Lowe et al. 2014;Lourenço and Rossi 2016;Lourenço 2019Lourenço , 2020aLourenço , 2020bKovařík and Lowe 2020;Lourenço and El-Hennawy 2021). Recently, a new species of Leiurus was described by Lourenço (2022) from the Al-Anbâr Province in Iraq, bringing the total number of known species in this genus to 20. ...
A new species, Leiurus hadb Al-Qahtni, Al-Salem, Alqahtani & Badry, sp. nov. , is described and illustrated from the Majami al-Hadb Protected Area in the Riyadh Province of Saudi Arabia. The new species is compared with species of Leiurus distributed in Saudi Arabia, especially L. arabicus Lowe, Yağmur & Kovařík, 2014. The integrated results indicate that the population found in Majami al-Hadb represents a distinct species, which is described herein. Moreover, the molecular analysis is conducted on the mitochondrial gene 16S rRNA to compare L. hadb sp. nov. with samples of L. arabicus and L. haenggii from Saudi Arabia. The analysis revealed a genetic divergence ranging from 6.0 to 12%. The combination of molecular evidence and morphological characteristics provides adequate support for recognizing the Majami al-Hadb population as a distinct species. Additionally, an identification key for the genus Leiurus found in Saudi Arabia is also provided.
... Leiurus abdullahbayrami (L. abdullahbayrami), Buthidae akrep ailesi'nden Leiurus cinsinin bir üyesidir [5]. Suriye ve Türkiye'de (Güneydoğu Anadolu bölgesi; Gaziantep, Adıyaman, Kilis, Şanlıurfa, Mardin illeri ve çevresinde) endemik olarak yaşayan sarı akrep olarak bilinmektedir [5,6]. ...
... abdullahbayrami), Buthidae akrep ailesi'nden Leiurus cinsinin bir üyesidir [5]. Suriye ve Türkiye'de (Güneydoğu Anadolu bölgesi; Gaziantep, Adıyaman, Kilis, Şanlıurfa, Mardin illeri ve çevresinde) endemik olarak yaşayan sarı akrep olarak bilinmektedir [5,6]. Buthidae familyasının üyesi olan akreplerin insanları sokmasının tehlikeli olduğu iyi bilinir, çünkü zehirleri memeli reseptörlerini tanıyan nörotoksinler içerir [7]. ...
... L. abdullahbayrami akrebi 2009 yılında Yağmur ve arkadaşları tarafından Leiurus quinquestriatus türünden farklandırılmıştır [5]. Bu zamana kadar L. abdullahbayrami akrep venomunun tanımlanmasına yönelik farklı yöntemler kullanılarak birkaç çalışma yapılmıştır. ...
In this study, two Leiurus abdullahbayrami scorpion venoms were analyzed with MALDI-TOF MS and their
peptide and protein distributions were compared. The total protein amount of the venoms was prepared to be equal to
2mg/mL concentration. For the analysis of two scorpion venoms alpha-cyano-4-hydroxy cinnamic acid was used as a
matrice. The system was operated in linear positive ion mode at a mass range of 1-50 kDa, and a 60 Hz nitrogen laser at
337 nm was used as the ion source. Mass spectra were generated using the flex-Analysis software (version 3.4). For the
analysis of peptide and protein distributions in two scorpion venoms, the highest relative abundance in each spectrum
was accepted as 100, and the percentage relative abundance of other molecules was calculated. Afterward, both
determining the peptide and protein profiles in the venoms of two scorpions and the proportional differences or similarities
of the peptide and proteins in the venoms were investigated. In addition, the projections of peptides and proteins in the
spectra of the two scorpion venoms were evaluated on virtual gel images to map the distribution of high abundance
peptides and proteins.
As a result, it has been experimentally determined that the relative ratios of peptide and protein molecules and
venoms may vary in scorpions belonging to the same species. On the other hand, the existence of some basic peptide
structures (3555; 3772, 3996, 6780, 6820 Da; m/z) with the same mass value and found in these creatures that preserve
their species characteristics against evolution have been observed.
... width ratio is 4.43 in the female specimen and 4.31 in the male specimen, whereas this ratio is 5.42 in males and 5.64 in females of Leiurus hebraeus. These ratios are slightly lower than those reported by Yağmur et al. (2009). Leg I-IV with short spines on the ventral side of the tarsus. ...
... Distribution. Syria (Khalil & Yağmur 2010), Turkey (Yağmur et al. 2009) and Lebanon (present study). Yağmur et al. (2009) reported three colour variations of Leiurus abdullahbayrami in Turkey. ...
... Syria (Khalil & Yağmur 2010), Turkey (Yağmur et al. 2009) and Lebanon (present study). Yağmur et al. (2009) reported three colour variations of Leiurus abdullahbayrami in Turkey. In addition, Khalil & Yağmur (2010) reported a population of L. abdullahbayrami from Homs (Syria), about 70 km from the Lebanese border, in which the specimens have the same colour pattern as in Gaziantep (Turkey), i.e. brown. ...
The first record of Leiurus abdullahbayrami Yağmur, Koç & Kunt, 2009 for Lebanon is presented, collected in the East Bekaa province. This is the second Leiurus species reported for this country. The medical importance of L. abdullahbayrami, associated with severe and fatal cases among children in Turkey and Syria, makes it highly relevant to determine its current distribution range in the Levant region.
... Except for Antarctica and New Zealand, they live in all tropical, subtropical and partially temperate warm landmasses in the World. Leiurus abdullahbayrami (LAB), a member of the genus Leiurus [4]. It is known as the yellow scorpion, which lives endemic in Syria and Turkey (in the Southeast Anatolia region). ...
Teh venoms of teh scorpions Androctonus crassicauda and Leuris abdullahbayrami, scorpion species each of teh two members of teh Buthidae family, were analyzed by MALDI–TOFMS in a mass range between 1 and 50 kDa. Interspecies differentiation was evaluated over peptide and protein molecules in dis mass range. Teh similarities and differences between two different scorpion species were revealed wif teh TEMPprincipal component analysis study, which was conducted wif spectral patterns including peptide and protein profiles. Teh similarity rate of teh LAB-123 and teh LAB460 scorpion venoms of teh same species was found as 66% while teh similarity rates of venoms of teh ACR species to teh LAB species ranged from zero to 37%. It was demonstrated dat scorpion venoms belonging to two different species from teh Buthadia family can be differentiated wif teh halp of dendrogram and gel profile, CCI color matrix, 3D or 2D-scattering profile, spectral mass loading data formed by peptide and protein spectral patterns of eleven scorpion venoms. It is anticipated dat dis approach, which was used for teh first time wif teh application of MALDI-TOFMS-based PCA analysis for teh differentiation of scorpion venoms, will be useful in differentiating venoms wif different spectral patterns.
... For many years, the genus Leiurus was considered monotypic, containing Leiurus quinquestriatus (the "death stalker"), a species of enormous medical importance across North Africa and the Middle East. However, an assemblage of 15 allopatric or parapatric species of Leiurus is now recognized, of which 10 occur in the Middle East (Lowe et al., 2014;Yagmur et al., 2009;Lourenço, 2020b,c). Toxins described in the venom of L. quinquestriatus sensu lato include chlorotoxin that blocks small-conductance chloride channels and binds preferentially to glioma cells, hence its potential use in the diagnosis and treatment of gliomas; charybdotoxin that blocks calcium-activated potassium channels and is closely homologous to agotoxin which blocks shaker K + channels; and scyllatoxin which blocks small-conductance Ca 2+ -activated K + channels. ...
The twelve Arab countries of the Middle East are inhabited by 117 species of scorpions of varying medical importance within six families. Scorpion stings are a very common occurrence throughout the region. Twenty-two scorpion species are considered to be dangerously venomous, causing potentially life threatening stings. Accessible literature in English and Arabic on scorpions, scorpion stings and available antivenoms was reviewed to document the scorpion fauna and scorpion stings in each country. Saudi Arabia, Iraq and Jordan report the highest numbers of stings and envenomings. Clinically, the most important toxins in Old World scorpion venoms are α-toxins that target voltage-gated sodium (Nav) channels at neurotoxin binding site 3, causing sympathetic excitation and the endogenous release of catecholamines that is responsible for transient, but life-threatening myocardial damage.Most victims of scorpion stings suffer severe local pain, but a few, especially children, develop systemic envenoming which, in the case of most Middle Eastern buthid species, such as Androctonus and Leiurus species, is dominated by the cardiovascular and respiratory consequences of hypercatecholinaemic myocarditis. Other syndromes include paralysis (Parabuthus leiosoma), coagulopathy (Nebo hierichonticus and Hemiscorpius species), and local tissue damage, haemolysis and acute kidney injury (H. lepturus). Early antivenom treatment is recommended but its value remains controversial. However, intensive care, with the ancillary use of vasoactive drugs such as prazosin and dobutamine, has proved effective.
... After ten years of field research it became possible to attempt a preliminary synthesis of the distribution patterns of Anatolian scorpions (consideration on the Euscorpiidae, genus Euscorpius are however now outdated). 14 species and subspecies from 4 families were included: Buthidae Androctonus crassicauda (Olivier 1897), which also had a later ecological report (Crucitti, 2003); Compsobuthus matthiesseni (Birula 1905) -the second record for Turkey; Leiurus quinquestriatus (Ehrenberg 1928) -now L. abdullahbayrami Yağmur, Koç & Kunt, 2009(Yağmur et al,.2009; see also Lowe et al., 2014); Mesobuthus caucasicus (Nordmann 1840) -now in the genus Olivierus, (Kovařik, 2019); Mesobuthus eupeus (Koch, 1839) which is now split into two species in Turkey, M. eupeus and M. phillipsi (Kovařik et al., 2011) -this is a widespread taxon; and Mesobuthus gibbosus (Brullé, 1832, which is one of the most health-threatening scorpions in Turkey because of its wide distribution and local abundance, now in genus Aegaeobuthus (Kovařik, 2019). ...
... After ten years of field research it became possible to attempt a preliminary synthesis of the distribution patterns of Anatolian scorpions (consideration on the Euscorpiidae, genus Euscorpius are however now outdated). 14 species and subspecies from 4 families were included: Buthidae Androctonus crassicauda (Olivier 1897), which also had a later ecological report (Crucitti, 2003); Compsobuthus matthiesseni (Birula 1905) -the second record for Turkey; Leiurus quinquestriatus (Ehrenberg 1928) -now L. abdullahbayrami Yağmur, Koç & Kunt, 2009(Yağmur et al,.2009; see also Lowe et al., 2014); Mesobuthus caucasicus (Nordmann 1840) -now in the genus Olivierus, (Kovařik, 2019); Mesobuthus eupeus (Koch, 1839) which is now split into two species in Turkey, M. eupeus and M. phillipsi (Kovařik et al., 2011) -this is a widespread taxon; and Mesobuthus gibbosus (Brullé, 1832, which is one of the most health-threatening scorpions in Turkey because of its wide distribution and local abundance, now in genus Aegaeobuthus (Kovařik, 2019). ...
An outline of the history of Italian zoologists in Anatolia, from the forerunners in the early 19th Century to the first decades of the 21st Century. The research and discoveries of prominent zoologists like Enrico Tortonese and Augusto Vigna Taglianti are discussed, as the decades long contribution of the Italian Natural History Museums and Universities and the Società Romana di Scienze Naturali.
... In 1949, Vachon elevated Leiurus to full generic rank with a single species with two subspecies represented for many years; L. quinquestriatus quinquestriatus (Ehrenberg, 1828) and L. quinquestriatus hebraeus (Birula, 1908). As of 2009, four scorpion species of genus Leiurus were added (Lourenço et al., 2002(Lourenço et al., , 2006Kovařík, 2007;Yagmur et al., 2009). Recently, Lowe et al. (2014) made a revision of the genus Leiurus, mainly with the Arabian Peninsula populations based on morphological characteristics. ...
Genetic diversity among different species of the genus Leiurus (Scorpiones: Buthidae) in Saudi Arabia and the Middle East Abstract The molecular phylogenetic relationship among two species of genus Leiurus, from Saudi Arabia with additional comparative sequence data available from Egypt, Oman and Turkey is presented. The molecular phylogeny was performed using maximum parsimony, neighbor joining and bayesian inference. Our results indicate a clear deep splitting between the Western clade, which represented by L. quinuestriatus sequences from Egypt and those from the Eastern clade which encompassing different Leiurus species from Saudi Arabia, Oman and Turkey was shown. Also, the phylogenetic relationship represents additional support for the taxonomic status of Arabian Leiurus species.
... It possesses a highly toxic venom which can produce acute medical problems in some regions for those stung (Saleh, Younes, Badry, & Sarhan, 2017;Badry, Younes, Sarhan, & Saleh, 2018). While Vachon (1949) considered L. quinquestriatus the only species of the genus, several new species have been described in the past few years, bringing the total to twelve species spanning a vast geographical area and a variety of habitats (Lourenço, Modry, & Amr, 2002;Lourenço, Qi, & Cloudsley-Thompson,2006;Yağmur, Koç, & Kunt, 2009;Lowe, Yağmur, & Kovařík, 2014;Lourenco & Rossi, 2016;Lourenço, Kourim, & Sadine, 2018). The distribution of L. quinquestriatus is thought to be restricted to Egypt and Sudan (Lowe et al., 2014). ...
The highly toxic and medically important scorpion Leiurus quinquestriatus is the most common scorpion species in Egypt and in some regions, is medically problematic for the local population. We studied variation in the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene within 12 populations from different ecogeographical regions of Egypt. Our results indicate a high genetic variation among L. quinquestriatus populations with five haplotypes existing. Our data also suggests the existence of a distinct population of L. quinquestriatus in Sinai which may be a separate species.
... In Turkey there are 23 species over 11 genera and it has been determined that 8 of these species are venomous (3). ...
The aim of this article was to discuss what should be done in the
case of a scorpion sting during pregnancy and the possible risks
to the fetus and mother in the context of literature. At the same
time a case involving a pregnant woman admitted to a county
state hospital following a scorpion sting is presented. A thirtyfive-year-old , Gravida 2-Parity 1 patient in the 12th week of gestation was admitted to the emergency department of the state
hospital complaining of burning, numbness and redness on her
right leg after being stung by a scorpion on the upper thigh of
her right leg. Stage 1 was described as a mild stage. In this case,
pregnancy was completed without any pathology development
and with a healthy childbirth at term. Our studies show that although there are various, albeit insufficient results in literature,
the probable outcomes associated with scorpion venom should
be closely monitored. The literature on this issue is controversial
and more detailed studies on clinical follow-up are needed.
