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Stigmidium microcarpum (LE 261013). A -necrotic patch with immersed ascomata. Bascoma immersed in stroma (in water). Bars: A = 200 µm; B = 10 µm.
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Thirty seven species of lichenicolous fungi are reported from southern Siberia. Sagediopsis vasilyevae (on Rhizocarpon inarense) is described as new to science. Rosellinula haplospora is new to Russia. Abrothallus peyritschii, Arthonia apotheciorum and Lichenostigma cosmopolites are new to Siberia. Cetraria is a new host genus for Stigmidium microc...
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... from the examined material in its shorter ascospores, (7.5-)8.5-11(-12.5) × (3-)3.5-4.5(-5) µm (Zhurbenko & Triebel, 2008) & Triebel, 2008;Brackel, 2010 Notes -Ascomata embedded in stromatic tissue composed of brown hyphae, producing on the host lobes well-delimited, brown then black necrotic patches up to 2 mm lengthways, finally falling away (Fig. 3). Asci 25-32(-37) × (5.5-)7-9(-9.5) µm (n = 12, in K/I). Ascospores mostly hyaline, smooth-walled and 1-septate, rarely pale brown, verruculose and 2-septate, (6.5-)6.9-8.3(-9.3) × (2.3-)2.4-3.0(-3.2) µm, l/b = (2.5-)2.6-3.0(-3.2) (n = 33, in K or K/I). Stigmidium microcarpum was described from Flavocetraria cucullata (Alstrup, 1993) ...
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... The recovered lichen OTUs belong to 16 families with the highest richness in Peltigeraceae and Parmeliaceae. The most abundant genera are Thamnolia, Peltigera, and Cetraria, all of them being common in northern Siberian communities (Zhurbenko and Yakovchenko, 2014) and permafrost (Lydolph et al., 2005). Thamnolia species often occur in arctic tundra (Sheard, 1977), showing low specificity concerning their photobiont while associating with various Trebouxia species (Nelsen and Gargas, 2009). ...
Climate change has a major impact on arctic and boreal terrestrial ecosystems as warming leads to northward treeline shifts, inducing consequences for heterotrophic organisms associated with the plant taxa. To unravel ecological dependencies, we address how long-term climatic changes have shaped the co-occurrence of plants and fungi across selected sites in Siberia.
We investigated sedimentary ancient DNA from five lakes spanning the last 47,000 years, using the ITS1 marker for fungi and the chloroplast P6 loop marker for vegetation metabarcoding. We obtained 706 unique fungal operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and 243 taxa for the plants. We show higher OTU numbers in dry forest tundra as well as boreal forests compared to wet southern tundra. The most abundant fungal taxa in our dataset are Pseudeurotiaceae, Mortierella, Sordariomyceta, Exophiala, Oidiodendron, Protoventuria, Candida vartiovaarae, Pseudeurotium, Gryganskiella fimbricystis, and Trichosporiella cerebriformis. The overall fungal composition is explained by the plant composition as revealed by redundancy analysis. The fungal functional groups show antagonistic relationships in their climate susceptibility. The advance of woody taxa in response to past warming led to an increase in the abundance of mycorrhizae, lichens, and parasites, while yeast and saprotroph distribution declined. We also show co-occurrences between Salicaceae, Larix, and Alnus and their associated pathogens and detect higher mycorrhizal fungus diversity with the presence of Pinaceae. Under future warming, we can expect feedbacks between fungus composition and plant diversity changes which will affect forest advance, species diversity, and ecosystem stability in arctic regions.
... In total, the recovered lichen OTUs belong to 16 families. The families with the highest OTU numbers are Peltigeraceae and Parmeliaceae and the most abundant genera are Thamnolia, Peltigera, and Cetraria with all of them being common elements in northern Siberian communities (Zhurbenko and Yakovchenko, 2014) and permafrost (Lydolph et al., 2005). Thamnolia species often occur in arctic tundra communities (Sheard, 1977) and are of low specificity concerning their photobiont as they associate with various Trebouxia species (Nelsen and Gargas, 2009). ...
Climate change has a major impact on arctic and boreal terrestrial ecosystems as warming leads to northward treeline shifts, inducing consequences for heterotrophic organisms associated with the plant taxa. To unravel ecological dependencies, we address how long-term climatic changes have shaped the palaeo-ecosystems at selected sites in Siberia. We investigated sedimentary ancient DNA from five lakes spanning the last 47,000 years, using the ITS1 marker for fungi and the chloroplast P6 loop marker for vegetation metabarcoding. After bioinformatic processing with the OBItools pipeline, we obtained 706 unique fungal operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and 243 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) for the plants. We show higher OTU numbers in dry forest tundra as well as boreal forests compared to wet southern tundra. The most abundant fungal taxa in our dataset are Pseudeurotiaceae, Mortierella, Sordariomyceta, Exophiala, Oidiodendron, Protoventuria, Candida vartiovaarae, Pseudeurotium, Gryganskiella fimbricystis, and Trichosporiella cerebriformis. The overall fungal composition is explained by the plant composition as revealed by redundancy analysis. The fungal functional groups show antagonistic relationships in their climate susceptibility. The advance of woody taxa in response to past warming led to an increase in the abundance of mycorrhizae, lichens, and parasites, while yeast and saprotroph distribution declined. We also show co-occurrences between Salicaceae, Larix, and Alnus and their associated pathogens and detect higher mycorrhizal fungus diversity with the presence of Pinaceae. Under future warming, we can expect feedback between fungus compositional and plant diversity changes which will affect forest advance and stability in arctic regions.
... × (2.5-)2.9-3.5(-3.8) μm (Zhurbenko & Yakovchenko 2014). ...
The new species Aspicilia malvinae is described from the Falkland Islands. It is the first species of Megasporaceae to be discovered on the islands and only the seventh to be reported from South America. It is distinguished from other species of Aspicilia by the unusual secondary metabolite chemistry (hypostictic acid) and molecular sequence data. The collections of the new species support two lichenicolous fungi: Endococcus propinquus s. lat., which is new to the Falkland Islands, and a new species of Sagediopsis with small perithecia and 3-septate ascospores c. 18–20 × 4–5 μm, which is described here as S. epimalvinae. A total of 60 new DNA sequences obtained from species of Megasporaceae (mostly Aspicilia ) are also introduced.
... Plectocarpon hypogymniae Zhurb. & DiederichThe species was previously known from three localities in Russia (Republic of Tuva and Trans-Baikal Territory;Zhurbenko & Yakovchenko 2014). In specimen Zhurbenko 18187 we observed, among ascomatal loculi, immersed pycnidia with hyaline, bacilliform, aseptate conidia 4.5 × 1.5 µm, not previously documented for this species.examined. ...
A first synopsis of lichenicolous fungi of Mongolia based on new collections and literature data is provided, including 114 species. Five new species are described: Capronia cogtii (on Vahliella leucophaea ), Echinothecium hypogymniae (on Hypogymnia bitteri ), Feltgeniomyces mongolicus (on H. bitteri ), Phacopsis vulpicidae (on Vulpicida juniperina ) and Roselliniella javkhlanae (on Rinodina turfacea var. ecrustacea ). Two new combinations are proposed: Endococcus hafellneri (≡ Stigmidium hafellneri ) and Sphaerellothecium taimyricum (≡ Sphaerellothecium thamnoliae var. taimyricum ). Unidentified specimens of Acremonium (on Mycoblastus sanguinarioides ), Cercidospora (on Rhizoplaca chrysoleuca s.lat.), Didymocyrtis (on Rhizoplaca chrysoleuca s.lat.), Lichenochora (on Physcia alnophila ), Lichenostigma (on species of Xanthoparmelia ), Phoma (on Vulpicida juniperina ) and a leotialean fungus (on Cetraria laevigata ) are characterized and discussed. Taxonomic notes are provided for Cercidospora macrospora s.lat., Didymocyrtis cf. melanelixiae , Minutoexcipula cf. beaglei , Nesolechia cetrariicola , Sphaerellothecium cf. parmeliae and Stigmidium cf. psorae . Sphaeropezia intermedia is newly reported for Eurasia. Didymocyrtis grumantiana is newly reported for Asia. Additionally, 71 species of lichenicolous fungi and five species of lichenicolous lichens are documented in Mongolia for the first time. Allocetraria is reported as a new host genus for Abrothallus peyritschii , Vulpicida for Arthonia triebeliae , and Anamylopsora for Muellerella pygmaea .
... Sherwood-Pike (1987) subsequently presented a monograph of Odontotremataceae and reappraised the circumscription in which Spilomela was excluded and two genera (Coccomycetella and Pleospilis) were included. Since that time, five genera were introduced to the family (Döbbeler 1996(Döbbeler , 1999Magnes 1997;Calatayud et al. 2001;Lumbsch and Huhndorf 2007;Evans et al. 2010) and nine transitional genera were transferred to other groups or determined as synonymous (Holien and Triebel 1996;Diederich et al. 2002Diederich et al. , 2018Baloch et al. 2009Baloch et al. , 2013Zhurbenko and Yakovchenko 2014;Suija et al. 2015;Wijayawardene et al. 2018), namely Bryodiscus (a synonym of Sphaeropezia in The newly generated sequences are highlighted in bold Odontura, Potriphila, Rogellia, Stromatothecia, Tryblis and Xerotrema. The family is morphologically close to Stictidaceae, and its delimitation could be based on the absence of both a crystalline ascoma margin and filiform ascospores (Sherwood 1977(Sherwood , 1981Sherwood-Pike 1987). ...
The new species Parakarstenia phyllostachydis was discovered on stems of Phyllostachys heteroclada in Sichuan Province of China and is placed in a new genus within Odontotremataceae in this paper. A multigene analysis of a combined nuclear ITS and LSU rDNA and mtSSU sequence dataset and comparable morphologies suggests the taxonomic affinity of the new taxon in this family. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference phylogenetic analyses provide evidence that the fungus is best placed in a distinct genus within this family. The new genus is compared with similar genera of Ostropales and a comprehensive description and illustration are offered. Parakarstenia is characterized by its distinct suite of features, such as initially immersed, intracortical, later erumpent and seemingly superficial, sessile and usually gregarious apothecia with a flat to slightly convex, greyish white or pale brown disc; a hairless, buff to yellow receptacle; a non-protruding margin, absent periphysoids and crystals, cylindrical to clavate asci with conical apex and a hemiamyloid (type RR) outer wall; and narrowly cylindrical-clavate to fusoid, vermiform, straight to medium curved, initially non-septate, at maturity transversely multiseptate ascospores. An updated phylogram for Ostropales with selected, predominantly non-lichenized members based on multigene analysis is provided.
... The species was previously reported in MR only from Khibiny Mts and Lapponia imandrae (Urbanavichus et al., 2008). Distribution in Fennoscandia: Sweden (Nordin et al., 2011 (Zhurbenko & Yakovchenko, 2014). Rather widespread in Norway and Sweden (Nordin et al., 2011). ...
Fourteen species of lichens, four lichenicolous and two non-lichenized calicioid fungi are reported for the first time from the biogeographic province Lapponia petsamoënsis (NW Murmansk Region, Russia); of these, Buellia pulverea, Endococcus brachysporus and Micarea coppinsii are reported for the first time for Russia, Rosellinula haplospora is new to European Russia, and Aspicilia mashiginensis, Chaenothecopsis rubescens, C. vainioana, Lecidea sudetica, Micarea micrococca, Porpidia pachythallina, Protoparmelia atriseda and Psorotichia schaereri are new to the Murmansk Region. Brief notes, mainly on habitats and distribution, are provided for all species listed.
... The five species were all easily distinguished by ascospore size. Four further species also differing in this respect have been added subsequently (Hoffmann and Hafellner 2000;Orange 2002;Zhurbenko 2009;Zhurbenko and Yakovchenko 2014). ...
... Therefore, S. bayozturkii is a member of Hawksworthiella (Hafellner 1993). Ascospore septation is an important characteristic for the taxonomy of the genus Sagediopsis as some species have simple or one-septate ascospores (S. aspiciliae, S. dissimilis) (Triebel 1989;Hoffmann and Hafellner 2000;Orange 2002) and some have three or more septate ascospores (S. aquatica, S. barbara, S. bayozturkii, S. campsteriana, S. fissuridensis, S. pertusariicola and S. vasilyevae) (Triebel 1989(Triebel , 1993Hafellner 1993;Zhurbenko 2009;Zhurbenko and Yakovchenko 2014;present paper). There are four species in the subgenus Hawksworthiella with three-septate ascospores (S. campsteriana on Ochrolechia spp., S. fissurisedens on Aspicilia myrinii, S. pertusariicola on Pertusaria spp. ...
... In addition to different hosts, S. bayozturkii differs from S. vasilyevae by having much shorter ascospores ((37.5−)42−50(−53) µm versus (10−)11−14(−15) µm) (Zhurbenko & Yakovchenko 2014) and from S. fissurisedens by having much smaller ascomata (400−700 µm versus 90−150 µm) (Hafellner 1993). It seems that S. bayozturkii is most similar to S. campsteriana and S. pertusariicola but it has smaller ascomata and ascospores than both these species (Zhurbenko 2009). ...
Sagediopsis bayozturkii , a lichenicolous fungus growing on Antarctic endemic species Acarospora macrocyclos , is described as new to science from three collections made at 65° south in the Argentine Islands (Graham Land, maritime Antarctica). The fungus has a distinct internal apical beak in the ascus and ellipsoid three-septate ascospores; therefore, it is the member of Sagediopsis subgenus Hawksworthiella . Morphologically and anatomically S. bayozturkii is most similar to S. campsteriana and S. pertusariicola , which are confined to the lichen hosts Ochrolechia spp. and Pertusaria spp., respectively. In addition to having different hosts, S. bayozturkii differs from these two species by having smaller ascomata and shorter ascospores. Its similarities to other species of the genus are discussed, and an artificial key based on the published descriptions of the ten species now known in the genus Sagediopsis is presented.
... NOTE. The species was formerly known in Russia from the Caucasus (see literature report below), Krasnoyarsk and Trans-Baikal Territories (Zhurbenko 2009b, Zhurbenko & Yakovchenko 2014, and is here newly reported for its Krasnodar Territory. ...
Ninety-four species of lichenicolous and allied fungi are reported from the Northwest Caucasus. Nanostictis caucasica on Parmelia sulcata is described as new to science. A presumably new ascomycete with hairy apothecia growing on Thamnolia vermicularis is described but not given a formal name. Acremonium pertusariae, Arthonia destruens, Cercidospora cf. rinodinae, Endococcus sendtneri, Lichenochora inconspicua, Lichenodiplis anomala, Rhizocarpon cf. ochrolechiae, Roselliniopsis tartaricola and Thelocarpon cf. sphaerosporum are newly reported for Asia and Russia, Polycoccum hymeniicola is newly reported for Russia. A first verified occurrence of Dactylospora tegularum in Russia is reported. Dactylospora athallina and Zwackhiomyces kiszkianus are reported new to Asian Russia. Cercidospora verrucosaria, Cornutispora ciliata, C. lichenicola, Dacampia hookeri, D. rufescentis, Didymocyrtis consimilis, Lichenochora caloplacae, Lichenostigma chlaroterae, Merismatium nigritellum agg., Monodictys fuliginosa, Pronectria erythrinella s. l., Scutula epiblastematica, Sphaerellothecium araneosum, Sphinctrina leucopoda, Stigmidium pseudopeltideae, S. squamariae and Tetramelas phaeophysciae are reported new to the Caucasus. Lichenochora caloplacae is reported for the first time from outside the Arctic. An unusual intrahymenial parasite of Lecanora pulicaris similar to Rhabdospora lecanorae is discussed. Bryoplaca is reported as a new host genus for Merismatium nigritellum agg., Cetrelia for Cornutispora lichenicola and Echinothecium reticulatum, Flavoparmelia for Cornutispora ciliata, and Pseudevernia for Lichenoconium cargillianum. A synopsis of 248 species from 98 genera of lichenicolous fungi and three species from two additional genera of allied fungi so far known from the Caucasus is presented and analyzed. The most species-rich genera are Stigmidium, Arthonia and Abrothallus. 81% of the lichenicolous fungi species were found on only one host genus. The value of the 'parasite genera:host genera' ratio is about 1:1. The most frequently parasitized lichen genera are Lecanora s. l., Parmelia, Peltigera, Cladonia and Physcia. About half of the species found in the Caucasus occur outside the Holarctic. The lichenicolous index for the Russian Caucasus is approximately 0.2. The most frequently collected species were Lichenostigma maureri, Marchandiomyces corallinus, Lichenoconium erodens, L. lecanorae and Nesolechia oxyspora. About 25% of the detected species were considered visible to the naked eye, 60% were clearly visible only at 10× magnification, and 15% only at 20−40× magnification.
... This paper presents the results of a revision of lichenicolous fungi collected during the study of lichen flora of Kodar Range located in South Siberia. Lichenicolous fungi of this part of Siberia have been specifically treated in several publications (Zhurbenko & Davydov, 2000;Zhurbenko & Otnyukova, 2001;Zhurbenko & Yakovchenko, 2014), but still remain insufficiently revealed, as evidenced by many biogeographic novelties documented in this article. ...
... µm, l/b = (1.0-)1.3-1.9(-2.3) (n = 79) vs. 7-11 × 4.5-6.5 µm, but of the same size as in LE 261058 specimen, which was also reported from Trans-Baikal Territory (Zhurbenko & Yakovchenko, 2014 Notes -Ascospores (8.5-)9.7-13.7(-17.2) × (4.8-)5.4-7.0(-8.4) µm, l/b = (1.1-)1.4-2.4(-3.2) (n = 34). ...
Sixty three species of lichenicolous and allied fungi are reported, 47 of which are new to Trans-Baikal Territory of Russia. A presumably undescribed Llimoniella-like discomycete on Protoblastenia terricola is illustrated and discussed. Plectocarpon melanohaleae is first recorded in the northern hemisphere. Diplolaeviopsis ranula, Endococcus alectoriae, E. verrucisporus, Epigloea filifera, Sagediopsis fissurisedens and Talpapellis peltigerae var. peltigerae are new to Russia and Asia. Endococcus macrosporus is new to Russia. Lichenostigma rupicolae, Opegrapha geographicola and Unguiculariopsis lettaui are new to Siberia. Arthonia molendoi, Dactylospora glaucomarioides, Didymocyrtis consimilis, Epibryon conductrix, Muellerella lichenicola, Phaeospora cf. rimosicola, Sagediopsis aspiciliae, S. pertusariicola, Sphaerellothecium contextum, Stigmidium conspurcans, S. mitchellii, S. solorinarium and Talpapellis peltigerae are new to South Siberia. Cercidospora thamnoliae and Sagediopsis pertusariicola are first reported outside the Arctic. Athallia is a new host genus for Didymocyrtis consimilis and Bryoria for Endococcus alectoriae. The following new host species are registered: Pertusaria geminipara for Dactylospora deminuta, Calvitimela talayana for Endococcus propinquus s. l., Bryoria simplicior for Lichenostigma maureri and Melanohalea olivacea for Plectocarpon melanohaleae.
... NOTES -This is a widespread parasite on many different saxicolous lichens with numerous records from species of Ophioparma and Rhizocarpon (Triebel 1989). It has been reported in Asian Russia from the Karachayevo-Circassian Republic, Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Area, Krasnoyarsk Territory, Altai Territory, Trans-Baikal Territory, Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) and Chukotka Autonomous Area (Zhurbenko 2008(Zhurbenko , 2009aZhurbenko & Davydov 2000;Zhurbenko & Kobzeva 2014;Zhurbenko & Yakovchenko 2014) and is here newly documented for the Republic of Adygeya. ...
... NOTES -This is a common and widespread gall-inducing lichenicolous fungus that occurs on species of Physcia (see for instance Brackel 2014). It has previously been reported in Asian Russia from the Karachayevo-Circassian Republic, Stavropol Territory, Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Area, Trans-Baikal Territory, Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), Kamchatka Territory and Chukotka Autonomous Area (Zhurbenko 2009b, Zhurbenko & Kobzeva 2014, Zhurbenko & Yakovchenko 2014, Zhurbenko et al. 2012b) and is here newly reported for Republic of Adygeya. ...
... NOTES -This species is known from the Northern Hemisphere, being most common in boreal forests, but also occurring in the Arctic (Alstrup et al. 2009, Zhurbenko 2009a) and southwards to the Canary Islands (Hawksworth 1982). It has been reported in Asian Russia from the Caucasus, Krasnoyarsk Territory, Irkutsk Region, Republic of Buryatia, Trans-Baikal Territory, Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) and Kamchatka Territory (Urbanavichene & Urbanavichus 2009, Zhurbenko 2009a, Zhurbenko & Kobzeva 2014, Zhurbenko & Vershinina 2014, Zhurbenko & Yakovchenko 2014, Zhurbenko & Zhdanov 2013, Zhurbenko et al. 2012b. ...
Fifty-nine species of lichenicolous fungi are reported from the Northwest Caucasus. Abrothallus stroblii, Acremonium antarcticum, Arthonia coronata and Sclerococcum serusiauxii are new to Asia and Russia. Lichenopeltella cladoniarum is new to Asia. Cercidospora stenotropae, Cladophialophora parmeliae, Clypeococcum cladonema, Intralichen lichenum, Lichenoconium aeruginosum and L. cargillianum are new to Russia. Arthonia clemens, Cercidospora cf. macrospora, Cornutispora lichenicola, Lichenopeltella cetrariicola, Niesslia cladoniicola, Phaeopyxis punctum, Roselliniella cladoniae, Sphaerellothecium abditum, Stigmidium hafellneri, S. solorinarium and Zwackhiomyces berengerianus are new to the Caucasus. Cetrelia is a new host genus for Lichenoconium cargillianum, Flavoparmelia for Clypeococcum cladonema, Megaspora for Pyrenidium actinellum s.l., and Cladonia chlorophaea s.l. and C. coniocraea are both new host species for Niesslia cladoniicola.
