Figure 6 - uploaded by Maria Virginia Urso-Guimarães
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Stem and petiole galls induced by Asphondylia cipo sp. nov. in Lessingianthus warmingianus (Baker) H. Rob. (Asteraceae). Arrow indicates a petiole gall.
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Abstract A new species, Asphondylia cipo sp. nov. (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) causing stem and petiole galls on Lessingianthus warmingianus (Baker) H. Rob. (Asteraceae) is described and illustrated from Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. A key is provided to separate species of this genus associated with host plants in the Asteraceae family fr...
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... and biology (Fig. 6 1 male, 1 exuvia emerged in 26.xi.2002; and 3 males, 2 females, 2 exuviae emerged in 03.xii.2002 (deposited in ...
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... on Mikania glomerata Sprengl. Larva with three pairs of terminal papillae, two setose and one corniform; induce fruit galls on Lepidaploa canescens Larva with one pair of setose terminal papillae; galls on bud on flowers of Zexmenia frutescens (Mill.) S.F. Blake (Distrib. El Salvador: San Salvador Larva with inner incision of spatula very deep (Fig. 6D); bud galls on flowers of Calea integrifolia (DC.) Hemsl. (Distr. El Salvador: San Salvador, Picacho Larva with two inner and two outer lateral papillae; two pairs of setose terminal papillae of larva (Fig. 8B) Larva with one pair of setose terminal papillae (Fig. 5B); pupa with lower frontal horn trilobed; stem and petiole galls on ...
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... and biology (Fig. 6 1 male, 1 exuvia emerged in 26.xi.2002; and 3 males, 2 females, 2 exuviae emerged in 03.xii.2002 (deposited in ...
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... on Mikania glomerata Sprengl. Larva with three pairs of terminal papillae, two setose and one corniform; induce fruit galls on Lepidaploa canescens Larva with one pair of setose terminal papillae; galls on bud on flowers of Zexmenia frutescens (Mill.) S.F. Blake (Distrib. El Salvador: San Salvador Larva with inner incision of spatula very deep (Fig. 6D); bud galls on flowers of Calea integrifolia (DC.) Hemsl. (Distr. El Salvador: San Salvador, Picacho Larva with two inner and two outer lateral papillae; two pairs of setose terminal papillae of larva (Fig. 8B) Larva with one pair of setose terminal papillae (Fig. 5B); pupa with lower frontal horn trilobed; stem and petiole galls on ...
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RESUMEN: Los sarcofágidos (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) conforman uno de los grupos de dípteros de mayor importancia forense en la Comarca Lagunera. La subfamilia más abundante es Sarcophaginae. Las moscas de esta subfamilia son moscas grandes, muy parecidas entre sí. Una breve descripción de la terminalia externa de cuatro géneros de Sarcophagidae es p...
Citations
... In Brazil, Asphondylia occurs on 12 plant families. Six species induce galls on Asteraceae, A. cipo Urso-Guimarães, 2018, A. glomeratae Gagné, 2001, A. gochnatiae Maia, 2008, A. moehni Skuhravá 1989, A. serrata Maia, 2004, and A. ulei Rübsaamen, 1908(Urso-Guimarães, 2018 published a key to the species on Asteraceae in the Neotropical region), and two on Fabaceae, A. microcapillata and A. sennae Maia & Couri, 1992(Gagné & Jaschhof, 2021. This is the first record of Asphondylia on Bignoniaceae in Brazil. ...
Three new species of Asphondylia are described from Minas Gerais (Brazil): Asphondylia ingaiensis, A. rufae and A. zeyheriae. They induce galls on Moquiniastrum barrosoae (Asteraceae), Bauhinia rufa (Fabaceae), and Zeyheria montana (Bignoniaceae), respectively, all native to Brazil, being the last endemic. Illustrations of relevant morphological characters are provided. The new species are compared with congeneric Neotropical species. Types are deposited in the Museu Nacional, Entomological Collection.
Two new species of Asphondylia inducing galls on Asteraceae are described, A. gaucha from the state of Rio Grande do Sul and A. mineira from the state of Minas Gerais. Their host plants are Vernonanthura discolor (Sprengel) H. Rob., and V. polyanthes (Sprengel) Vega & Dematteis, respectively, both native to Brazil. Illustrations of relevant morphological characters are provided. The new species are compared with congeneric Neotropical species. The types are deposited in the Entomological Collection of the Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro.
Understanding the evolution of the tribe Gochnatieae (Compositae) has been the subject of considerable effort in the past decade. This is due to the key position of this tribe in the phylogeny of the sunflower family and the corresponding implications for biogeographic and morphological evolution of Compositae. Previous studies have confirmed the monophyly of this tribe as well as most of the genera that belong to it. However, phylogenetic resolution of Gochnatieae at both the genus- and species-level has remained poor. A subset of new phylogenomic loci used in this study has proven effective and has improved phylogenetic resolution in this group. The results of this work demonstrate Gochnatieae is a well-supported clade comprised of nine genera (Anastraphia, Cnicothamnus, Cyclolepis, Gochnatia, Moquiniastrum, Nahuatlea, Pentaphorus, Richterago, Tehuasca). One recently described genus, Vickia, was not included in this study; but its placement in Gochnatieae as a tenth genus in the tribe is well-justified. The monospecific Cyclolepis, which had been circumscribed within the tribe since its inception but was subsequently removed and designated as incertae sedis since 2014, is also shown to belong to Gochnatieae. We confirmed the monophyletic Moquiniastrum with two well-supported subclades. Ancestral area reconstruction analyses show that Gochnatieae originated in Eastern South America about 53 my. Apparently, except for Cyclolepis and Richterago, the ancestors of the other genera of Gochnatieae originated about 44 my from an area that now corresponds to the central Andes. The presence of the genera in the Chaco phytogeographic province, central Chile, and Mexico-United States-Caribbean is a result of dispersal from the central Andes. The ancestral distribution of Moquiniastrum corresponds to a large area comprising Eastern South America and the current central Andes, about 32 my. Ancestral character state reconstruction that included four characters indicates several states associated with complex plant reproductive biology such as gynodioecy, gynomonoecy, and polygamodioecy are derived in Gochnatieae as are heterogamous capitula (in Moquiniastrum and Richterago), dimorphic and subdimorphic corollas (in Cnicothamnus, Moquiniastrum, and Richterago), and the presence of marginal female corollas (in Moquiniastrum and Richterago). Within Moquiniastrum, two subclades (Densicephalum and Polymorphum) exhibit divergent patterns of trait evolution associated with these reproductive characters which suggests this genus can serve as a model to understand the sexual system evolution in plants.
Most Neotropical species of Cecidomyiidae (Diptera) have been described from Brazil, but a list of species with occurrence in the country has never been published. Little is known about their distribution and richness in the Brazilian phytogeographic domains. Additionally, a list of host plant species has never been gathered. The present study aims to fill these knowledge gaps and provides an overview of this family in Brazil. For this, data were obtained mainly from the literature, but also from the Cecidomyiidae collection of Museu Nacional and two herbaria (RB and R). Based on the site "Flora do Brasil 2020", botanical names were updated and plant species origin and distribution were verified. A total of 265 gall midge species have been recorded in Brazil, most from the Atlantic Forest (183), followed by Cerrado (60), and Amazon Forest (29). The other phytogeographic domains shelter from five to ten species. Phytophagous gall midges occur on 128 plant species of 52 families, almost all native, being 43 endemic to Brazil (21 endemic to Atlantic Forest, five to Cerrado, and one to Amazon). Although, the taxonomical knowledge is focused on the Atlantic Forest, each domain has its own fauna composition and these informations can be useful for environmental conservational purposes. About 58% of the Brazilian fauna are known only from the type-locality. In order to fill these gaps, it is necessary and important to collect in uninvestigated areas.
Recent decades have seen increased research interest in the processes and mechanisms related to insect gall richness and host plants. The data set provided here includes 968 records of interactions between galling insects and host plants for the Cerrado biome. The data set comprises 505 species of 222 genera and 67 families of host plants. The botanical families most represented in the data set are Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Myrtaceae, Malpighiaceae, and Melastomataceae, which account for ~48.5% of all records and 52% of the total number of species. The gall‐inducing insects listed in the data set include 48 species of Cecidomyiidae and one species of Tephritidae. This data set is the first to compile inventories of plant‐galling insect communities and information about the diversity and distribution of insect galls and their host plants in the Cerrado. The data set reveals knowledge gaps and opportunities for future research on patterns of diversity and distribution, and provides a basis for generating and testing new ecological hypotheses. Please cite this data paper when using the current data in publications and let us know how the data are used in the publications. There are no copyright restrictions.
A problemática na circunscrição de gêneros em Compositae é um assunto discutido há muito tempo. Actinoseris (Endl.) Cabrera, gênero neotropical pertencente à tribo Mutisieae (Compositae), teve sua delimitação questionada quando caracteresdiagnóticos propostos para este gênero convergiram com aqueles determinados para Gochnatia H.B.K., gênero considerado filogeneticamente próximo. Diante da necessidade de uma recircunscrição genérica buscou-se, além dos dados morfológicos, informações baseadas em estudos de grãos-de-pólen e anatomia-foliar, e os dados foram submetidos a uma análise filogenética. São reconhecidos para Actinoseris 17 espécies, sendo propostos 6 novos táxons e 4 novas combinações: A. amplexifolia(Gardner) Roque comb. nov., A. angustifolia (Gardner) Cabrera, A. arenaria (Baker) Roque, A. campestris Roque & Nakajima sp. nov., A. caulescens Roque sp. nov., A. conduplicata Roque sp. nov., A. discoidea (Less.) Roque comb. nov., A. elegansRoque sp. nov., A. hatschbachii Zardini, A. lanata Roque sp. nov., A. petiolata Roque & Nakajima sp. nov., A. polymorpha (Less.) Cabrera, A. polyphylla (Baker) Roque comb. nov., A. radiata (Vell.) Cabrera, A. riparia Roque sp. nov., A.stenophylla Cabrera e A. suffrutescens (Cabrera) Roque comb. nov. Actinoseris corymbosa (Less.) Cabrera é combinada em um novo gênero, lanthopappus corymbosus (Less.) Roque & D.J.N. Hind. Todos os táxons são descritos, ilustrados e têm seuspadrões de distribuição. Tese (Doutorado).
