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The harmonic distortion of voltage has became an important subject in power quality, especially after use of power electronic equipment and nonlinear loads. Simple method to limitation of harmonic distortion is using of passive filters. The objective of this paper is to determine the location and size of passive filters in distribution networks eco...
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Citations
... Proper consideration of the sizing and placement of passive lters is crucial to prevent the ampli cation of harmonic currents and voltages, which can occur due to potential resonance at speci c harmonic frequencies. Various research studies, such as [1][2][3][4][5], utilize genetic algorithms to determine the optimal size and location of shunt capacitors in radial distribution systems, taking into account harmonic distortion limits imposed by nonlinear power electronic devices. In [6], the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) is employed to identify the optimal placement of passive lters. ...
... Comprising inductance, capacitance, and resistance elements, passive lters typically utilize a single-tuned "notch" lter, which is both commonly used and cost-effective for many applications. Besides mitigating harmonics, notch lters also contribute to Power Factor (PF) correction [2]. ...
This work presents a hybrid Genetic Algorithm-particle swarm optimization based technique for optimal placement and sizing of a passive power filters to reduce harmonics distortion and mitigate the total active power losses in distribution lines with linear and nonlinear loads. The problem was formulated as a nonlinear multi-objective optimization problem with equality and inequality constraints using hybrid Genetic Algorithm with practical swarm optimization. Recommendations by IEEE standards 519–1992 and 18-2002 are considered as the main constraints in this study. Based on the minimum total harmonic distortion and active power losses as the main optimization criteria the optimal solutions were selected. The proposed approach is validated on the IEEE 14 bus system and on a real power system. The results confirmed that proposed method provides robust, effective and high-quality solutions for large power systems.
... A GA was used to determine parameters and locations of threephase passive filter in a distribution system for residential consumers in Ref. [7]. The objective function of the optimization model was the cost of the filter and the constraints are based on the limits for THD introduced by the IEEE Std. ...
This work presents a methodology for passive filter allocation within an electrical distribution system aiming to minimize the number of nodes that exceed harmonic distortion limits and investment costs. Harmonic distortions are usually mitigated by filters, but their allocation in the system requires attention. Depending on the filters location, harmonic distortion could increase at other nodes. The methodology of this study is based on harmonic flow simulation in the Alternative Transient Program (ATP/EMTP) as well as the NSGA II optimization algorithm simulated on Matrix Laboratory (MATLAB). The filters are located using single-phase units, in order to obtain solutions for unbalanced distribution systems with single-phase and two-phase circuits, while also attending features of single-phase inverter connected Distributed Generation (DG). Different scenarios are generated by MATLAB and simulated on ATP. The optimization problem is non-linear and multi-objective. One objective is to minimize the number of nodes exceeding distortion limits and the other is to minimize filter costs. The results show that the optimal installation of single-phase filters gives better results than the installation of three-phase filters at the critical nodes. The proposed methodology allows the user to choose the best option between the number of nodes exceeding limits and the investment cost.
... In [6] Genetic Algorithm (GA) is used to determine parameters and location of passive filter installation in a distribution system, with its installation being in residential consumers. The minimization function is composed of the values of the filter components, and the constraints are based on the IEEE Std. ...
... The optimization of passive filters in distribution systems has been approached through different approaches. In general, these can be classified as single goal formulations [1][2][3] and multiobjective optimization [4]. ...
... The optimization of passive filters in distribution systems has been approached through different approaches. In general, these can be classified as single goal formulations (Ghiasi, Rashtchi, & Hoseini, 2008; J. C. A. Leite, I.P.; Azevedo, M.S.S., Nascimento, M.H.R.; Moraes, N. M., Reis, A.M. , 2015;Mahaboob, Ajithan, & Jayaraman, 2018;A. Zobaa, Vaccaro, Zeineldin, Lecci, & Monem, 2010) and multiobjective optimization (J. ...
The optimization of passive filters in industrial systems has been presented by different computational methods. The objective of this paper is to develop a computational algorithm with NSGA II to select the configuration and design parameters of a set of passive filters for industrial installations. As a methodology, the optimization problem was addressed using three independent objective functions of innovative character for compensation of harmonics through passive filters as a multiobjective problem. The results were the computational solution to this problem that determines a set of Pareto optimal solutions (Frontier). In addition, the computational tool has several new features such as: calculates the parameters that characterize the filters, but also selects the type of configuration and the number of branches of the filter in each candidate bar according to a set of pre-established configurations according to PRODIST-M8 (Brazilian Standard) and IEEE 519-2014. Also determine solutions with good power quality indicators (THD, TDD and NPV) for several characteristic and non-characteristic scenarios of the system that allow to represent: daily variations of the load, and variations of system parameters and filters. It evaluates the cost of energy bills in an industrial power grid that has different operating conditions (characteristic scenarios) and evaluates the economic effect of harmonic filters as reactive power compensators.
... No estudo [5] faz-se a utilização de AG para determinar parâmetros e local de instalação de filtro passivo em um sistema de distribuição, sendo a instalação em consumidores residenciais. A função de minimização é composta pelos valores dos componentes do filtro, e as restrições são baseadas nos limites de THD e IHD do IEEE Std. ...
A methodology for optimal allocation of passive filters in an electrical distribution system is proposed in this study. Harmonic distortions are reduced using filters, however their location in the system requires attention. Depending on the choice of the installation's place(s) of filter(s) there is the possibility of worsening the Power Quality by increasing harmonic distortion at other points. Thus, this research aims to find the optimal installation place using a minimum number of filters. Cases were simulated to observe the behavior of harmonic distortions according to the filters allocation. Initially filters were designed for certain buses and allocated in the proposed buses, so also at different points. It was observed that the best results to mitigate system average harmonic distortion did not occur with the installation of the filter for which proposed buses but in another which is more distant. The harmonic distortion mitigation was observed not only in the nearby buses, but also in the distant ones, while the initially proposed allocation was only good in mitigating harmonic distortion of nearby buses. This occurred as a consequence of the change of the harmonic current flow, and this highlighted the need for attention in choosing the buses for filters installation. Palavras-chave-Distorção harmônica, Filtros, Modelagem de sistemas elétricos, Qualidade de energia, Sistemas elétricos de potência.
... The formulations employed to the optimization of passive filters can be classified as formulations of a single objective [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] or formulations with multiple objectives [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. The single-objective formulations normally are devoted to determine the filters of lowest cost that assure the compliance with the power quality standards, while in the multi-objective approaches are added other goals to achieve such as the minimum of the total distortion of current (THDI) [15,20,21,23,24,26,27,30], the minimum of the total distortion of demand (TDD) [17,20,21], the minimum of the total distortion of voltage (THDV) [17,20,21,26,27,30], the minimum of the investment cost in filters [20,21,23,25,27] and the minimum of the losses cost [17,25]. ...
The formulations employed to the optimization of passive filters can be classified as formulations of a single objective or formulations with multiple objectives. The single-objective formulations normally are devoted to determine the filters of lowest cost that assure the compliance with the power quality standards, while in the multi-objective approaches are added other goals that are related with the improvement of the power quality indexes. In the presented approach, the problem of the reactive power compensation and the problem of the harmonic distortion compensation are considered a unified multi-objective problem in which is determined a set of passive filters that allows the obtaining of the maximum economic benefits as well as the maximum improvement of the power quality of the circuit. While several previous contributions solve the multi-objective problem by minimizing a single function composed of several sub-objectives, this work employs the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) for the optimization of three independent objective functions. This algorithm obtains the Pareto front of the problem and allows the selection of the most effective solutions. The optimization method that presented in this work allows the selection by the algorithm of the filter type proper for compensation in a node of the circuit as well as the obtaining of their parameters. The set of possible filter configurations to place in one candidate node is defined by the user before the optimization is done. This is a distinctive characteristic of the presented approach that is tested with a practical example.
... The optimization of passive filters in distribution systems has been addressed through different approaches. In general, these can be classified as single-objective [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]and multi-objective [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31]formulations. The single-objective formulations normally try to determine the least costly filters that ensure compliance with the relevant power quality standards. ...
The optimization of passive filters in distribution systems has been addressed through different approaches. In general, these approaches can be classified as single-objective and multi-objective formulations. The single-objective formulations normally try to determine the least costly filters that ensure compliance with the relevant power quality standards. In multi-objective approaches, other goals are added. In general, most studies consider the reactive power of filters at a fundamental frequency to be equal to a previously determined magnitude, and the optimization is devoted to calculate the other parameters of the filters that are required to minimize the distortion indices of the network. In the present approach, the capacitor placement and passive filter placement problems are considered as a unified problem in which a set of passive compensators (capacitors and/or tuned filters) that allow to obtain the maximum annual saving in cost and maximum improvement of the power quality of the circuit are determined. In this study, the annual saving is calculated as the equivalent present value of the compensation project to simultaneously account for the benefits of the reactive power compensation and the cost of investment in the compensators. Although many studies have solved the multi-objective problem by minimizing a single function comprising several subobjectives, this study employs the nondominated sorting genetic algorithm for the optimization of several objective functions. The present approach is tested with two example circuits from literature.
... The impact effects of grid disturbances on the output of grid connected solar PV system were presented in [23]. Filters are good alternative solutions for harmonics reduction problem [24]. ...
... The sizing of the filter is done according to the minimization of the filter initial cost under the standard rating of single-phase capacitors and the costs that released by ABB [24], [30]. In this study the value of U K and U L is considered 500$ and 90 ($/MVAR) then (K lh ) will be 0.59 $/kvar with capacitor loss factor 1%. ...
The study is concerned with the optimal penetration of renewable energy sources and their impacts on power quality case studies into distribution systems. Non-linear loads are the main harmonic sources in a distribution grid while the PV system constitutes power converters which are large generating source of harmonics. Therefore, both nonlinear loads and PV systems have large impact on the power quality of distribution systems. In this paper, the harmonics determined by a photovoltaic system (PV) on a distribution system are analyzed. Also, this paper aims to solve the harmonic reduction problem of distribution system which is fed from the PV system by using a number of single tuned passive filters. The ETAP software is employed to simulate a distribution system that feeds a residential area integrated with PV systems to analyze the impact and the best location of these PV to reduce these harmonics and their effect on the distribution system. Also, this paper deals to allocate the filters at the best location for eliminating the harmonics and their impact on the system. Also, this paper proposes an ETAP procedure for choice the optimal design of single tuned filters that able to reduce the effects of voltage and current harmonic contents to be within the accepted practical limits. Two proposed filter design strategies are presented. The first one considers the power factor correction as the primary objective function while the minimization of total installing costs is considered as a primary objective function in the second strategy. An actual part of residential distribution systems as a real application of Egyptian network is implemented to explain the capability of the proposed procedure to improve the power quality and to reduce the total and individual voltage and current harmonic contents to be within their accepted limits of the Egyptian code.
... Several designs have been proposed to mitigate harmonics in an industrial distribution system [12][13][14]. In this section it is described some of the main techniques used and reported in the literature. ...
... The application of genetic (GAS) and micro genetic (pGAs) algorithms to the problem of locating and sizing passive filters in an electric network harmonic distortion is described in [8]. GA also has been used to determine the location and size of passive filters in distribution networks [12]. The objective is minimize the filters cost and reach the harmonic limitations and the power quality requirements [5]. ...
The design of shunt passive filters has been a topic of constant research since the 70’s. Due to the lower cost, passive shunt filters are still considered a preferred option. This paper presents a novel approach for the placement and sizing of passive filters through ranking solutions based on the minimization of the total harmonic distortion (THDV) of the supply system rather than one specific bus, without neglecting the individual harmonic distortions. The developed method was implemented using Matlab/Simulink and applied to a test system. The results shown that is possible to minimize the total voltage harmonic distortion using a system approach during the filter selection. Additionally, since the method is mainly based on a heurist approach, it avoids the complexity associated with of use of advanced mathematical tools such as artificial intelligence techniques. The analyses contemplate a sinusoidal voltage utility and also the condition with background distortion utility.
