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Standard circuit diagram of the low noise antenna preamplifier for the multiconstellation GPS/Galileo/GLONASS/Compass receiver.
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Although practically all function blocks of the satellite navigation receivers are realized using the CMOS digital integrated circuits, it is appropriate to create a separate low noise antenna preamplifier based on a low noise pHEMT. Such an RF front end can be strongly optimized to attain a suitable tradeoffbetween the noise figure and transducer...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... us mention a design of the low noise antenna pream- plifier within the frequency range 1.1 to 1.7 GHz in Fig. 4 (a standard circuit diagram), Fig. 5 (a simplified simulation schematic), and Figs. 6, 7, and 8 (a detailed circuit diagram used for the optimization). The terminal impedances were 50 Ω. The multiobjective optimization was used to simulta- neously maximize the minimum transducer power gain A pt over the whole frequency range, minimize ...
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Citations
... [W i Error G l ,n ] O u t p u t n e t w o r k (11) where W i , W i and W i are the weights to enhance either of the terms in the error function. Physical realization for input and output admittance, respectively, Y s = G s + jB s and Y L = G L + jB L requires that, for all frequencies G L > 0 and G S > 0. Also, to maintain the stability, the following inequalities must hold [25]: ...
In this paper, a modified compensated matching method for designing a low-noise broadband microwave amplifier with guaranteed stability is proposed. Compensated matching method is formulated as an optimization problem. A hybrid optimization algorithm based on the combination of the genetic algorithm and conjugate gradients method is used to the design of the low-noise stable broadband RF amplifier. The new hybrid algorithm obtains low-noise figure, gain flatness, stability , and loss factor correlated with each reactive element and matching network accomplishment included together. An 8-16 GHz broadband microwave amplifier is designed to verify its application. This paper shows that a hybrid technique improves the accuracy of the design and speeds up the design procedure significantly.
Herein, noise, gain and port mismatchings of a microwave small-signal transistor are expressed as all the set of acceptable Pareto optimal solutions and trade-off relations within the device operation (VDS, IDS, f) domain without any need of expert knowledge of microwave device. In this multi-objective optimization problem, non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA) -III is applied to an ultra-low noise amplifier (LNA) transistor NE3511S02 (HJ-FET) where the noise Freq ≥ Fmin and output mismatching Voutreq ≥ 1 are preferred as the reference points, while the input mismatching Vinopt ≥ 1 and gain GTmax are optimized with respect to source ZS and load ZL within the unconditionally stable working area. Thus, diverse set of the Pareto optimal (the required noise Freq, the optimum input Vinopt, the required output Voutreq, the maximum transducer gain GTmax) quadruples are resulted from a fast search of the solution space. Furthermore, the optimum bias condition (VDS, IDS) and sensitivities of the terminations to fabrication tolerances are also determined using the cost analysis in the operation domain for the required Pmax, IDSmax and performance quadruple. Finally, this work is expected to enable a designer to provide the feasible design target space (FDTS) consisting of all trade-off relations among all the transistor’s performance ingredients to be used in the challenging LNA designs.
Nowadays, there exist relatively precise pHEMT models available for computer-aided design, and they are frequently compared to each other. However, such comparisons are mostly based on absolute errors of drain-current equations and their derivatives. In the paper, a novel method is suggested based on relative root-mean-square errors of both drain current and its derivatives up to the third order. Moreover, the relative errors are subsequently relativized to the best model in each category to further clarify obtained accuracies of both drain current and its derivatives. Furthermore, one our older and two newly suggested models are also included in comparison with the traditionally precise Ahmed, TOM-2 and Materka ones. The assessment is performed using measured characteristics of a pHEMT operating up to 110 GHz. Finally, a usability of the proposed models including the higher-order derivatives is illustrated using s-parameters analysis and measurement at more operating points as well as computation and measurement of IP3 points of a low-noise amplifier of a multi-constellation satellite navigation receiver with ATF-54143 pHEMT.
At present, there are relatively more precise pHEMT models available for computer-aided design, and they are frequently compared to each other. However, such comparisons are mostly based on absolute errors of drain-current equations and their derivatives. In the paper, a novel method is suggested based on relative root-mean-square errors of both drain current and its derivatives up to the third order. Moreover, the relative errors are then relativized to the best model in each category to further clarify obtained accuracies of the drain current and its derivatives. Furthermore, one our older and two newly suggested models are also included in the comparison with the traditionally accurate Ahmed, TOM2 and Materka ones. The assessment is performed using measured characteristics of a 110 GHz pHEMT. Finally, a usability of the models of the higher-order derivatives is illustrated using an IP3 computation/measurement of a multi-constellation receiver for a satellite navigation with ATF-54143.
At present, the foremost low-noise amplifiers are based on usage of the pseudomorphic high-electron-mobility transistors (pHEMTs). However, in many cases, the amplifiers are often constructed at the limits of absolute stability or even in the region of potential instability because only such solutions give requested circuit properties as a trade-off between the transducer power gain and noise figure. The stability properties are mostly checked by the classical criteria such as the Rollett conditions, μ-factor etc. In the paper, a novel additional very efficient criterion is proposed, finding the most critical couple of poles and evaluating the ratio of imaginary and real part. The efficiency of the method is demonstrated on a low-noise antenna preamplifier for a multi-constellation satellite-navigation receiver based on an ATF-54143 pHEMT.
