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Sporothrix luteoalba CBS 209.48. Transmission electron micrograph of a longitudinal section through a hyphal septum with a dolipore. A pore cap is present (arrow).
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Transmission electron micrographs of septa in Blastobotrys species invariably showed central micropores. Septa of species of Sporothrix, however, exhibited three types of pores: micropores which were central if single, or scattered; central simple pores with Woronin bodies; dolipores. The results confirm the heterogeneity of the genus Sporothrix.
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Context 1
... hyphal septa of Sporothrix strains exhibited three different types of pores. In Sp. luteoalba (Fig. 9) as well as in Sp. cyanescens (Fig. 10) the hyphal septum showed a central dolipore with an imperforate pore cap in the former and with electron-dense material adjacent to the pore in the ...
Citations
... × 2 µm] producing secondary conidia (Fig. 4). Morphological features of the investigated isolate were similar to description of Quambalaria provided by Smith & Batenburg-Van der Vegte (1985) and de Hoog & de Vrier (1973). ...
... The isolate UTFC-EP47 was identified as Quambalaria cyanescens based on morphological features provided by Smith and Batenburg- Van der Vegte (1985), de Hoog and de Vrier (1973) and the molecular data. The fungus has six species including Quambalaria coyrecup, Q. cyanescens, Q. eucalypti, Q. pitereka, Q. pusilla and Q. simpsonii (Paap 2008;de Beer et al. 2006;Simpson 2000;Cheewangkoon et al. 2009). ...
Endophytic fungi constitute a remarkable multifarious group of microorganisms live within plants tissues without causing any obvious negative effect. Endophytic fungi have been found in every plant species examined to date. During an investigation on endophytic fungi, 123 fungal isolates were obtained from healthy twigs and leaves of cherry (Prunus avium) and sour cherry (P. cerasus) trees in Iran. The isolates identified based on sequence data of 18S rDNA (SSU) region, as well as morphological and cultural features. As a result, four species namely Coniothyrium olivaceum, Collophora paarla, Sarocladium strictum and Quambalaria cyanescens identified. All these identified species are new reports as endophytic fungi from P. cerasus and P. avium in the world. Among them, Collophora paarla and Quambalaria cyanescens are new taxa for the mycobiota of Iran.
... Notes: Sequences produced in the present study for the ex-type isolate of this species place it in S. inflata complex (Figs 2−4). However, earlier studies using the same isolate showed that this species was different from S. schenckii in physiology , de Hoog 1993 and septal pore structure (Smith & Batenburg-Van der Vegte 1985). The ex-type isolate must thus be reconsidered carefully to determine whether it still corresponds with the original description. ...
One of the causal agents of human sporotrichosis, Sporothrix schenckii, is the type species of the genus Sporothrix. During the course of the last century the asexual morphs of many Ophiostoma spp. have also been treated in Sporothrix. More recently several DNA-based studies have suggested that species of Sporothrix and Ophiostoma converge in what has become known as Ophiostoma s. lat. Were the one fungus one name principles adopted in the Melbourne Code to be applied to Ophiostoma s. lat., Sporothrix would have priority over Ophiostoma, resulting in more than 100 new combinations. The consequence would be name changes for several economically important tree pathogens including O. novo-ulmi. Alternatively, Ophiostoma could be conserved against Sporothrix, but this would necessitate changing the names of the important human pathogens in the group. In this study, we sought to resolve the phylogenetic relationship between Ophiostoma and Sporothrix. DNA sequences were determined for the ribosomal large subunit and internal transcribed spacer regions, as well as the beta-tubulin and calmodulin genes in 65 isolates. The results revealed Sporothrix as a well-supported monophyletic lineage including 51 taxa, distinct from Ophiostoma s. str. To facilitate future studies exploring species level resolution within Sporothrix, we defined six species complexes in the genus. These include the Pathogenic Clade containing the four human pathogens, together with the S. pallida-, S. candida-, S. inflata-, S. gossypina- and S. stenoceras complexes, which include environmental species mostly from soil, hardwoods and Protea infructescences. The description of Sporothrix is emended to include sexual morphs, and 26 new combinations. Two new names are also provided for species previously treated as Ophiostoma.
... This structural pattern of the septal apparatus is character istic of the species Sporothrix cyanescens (syn. Q. cya nescens) [18]. Two opinions have been expressed in the literature concerning the details of the structure of the septa of Q. cyanescens (syn. ...
... Some researchers emphasize that the septal apparatus contains the double mem brane "dolipore cap", which surrounds the dolipore septum and is symmetrically arranged on its both sides [3,19]. Other researchers argue that the dolipore lacks the "cap" [18,20]. This discrepancy calls for addi tional research on the ultrastructure of the pore appa ratus of Q. cyanescens's strains in various collections. ...
Long-term microbiological investigation of the pollen of silver birch (Betula pendula) in the Moscow and Moscow oblast areas revealed that almost one-third of the analyzed samples contained the fungus identified by morphological, cultural, and molecular genetic techniques as Quambalaria cyanescens (de Hoog & G.A. de Vries) Z.W. de Beer, Begerow & R. Bauer. This species was previously known mostly as a symbiont of tropical plants of the genera Eucalyptus and Corymbia and have not been isolated in Russia. We revealed a close association between Quambalaria cyanescens and silver birch. The micromycete was regularly detected in pollen samples, as well as on the inside and outside of the aments, and on the surface of leaves and branches. It was never isolated from other plant species in the investigated area. The data on the morphological and cultural characteristics of the fungus, its cell ultrastructure, and occurrence are presented, as well as the phylogenetic analysis of the isolated strains.
... De Hoog and de Vries (1973) mentioned the production of a diffusible purple to violaceous pigment in Sporothrix cyanescens de Hoog & de Vries, a species originally isolated from human skin. However subsequent ultrastructural and phylogenetic studies revealed that this fungus is a basidiomycete (Smith andBatenburg-van der Vegte 1985, de Beer et al. 2006). Dixon et al. (1991), during the characterization of a large set of strains associated with an epidemic of sporotrichosis in USA, found environmental Sporothrix isolates that produced a brownish diffusible pigment in culture. ...
Sporothrix inflata is a saprobic member of the Ophiostoma stenoceras-Sporothrix schenckii species complex, reported mainly from soil. Ophiostoma bragantinum, an ascomycete described from Brazil, has been proposed as its possible teleomorph. Previous studies revealed that Sporothrix inflata is phenotypically and genetically variable, suggesting the existence of cryptic species. During a continued survey on the biodiversity of microfungi from different countries, seven isolates morphologically similar to S. inflata were obtained from soil samples collected in Spain and USA. In this study their phenotypic features and phylogenetic relationships were assessed. DNA sequence data of two nuclear loci revealed that these isolates correspond to two unnamed clades in S. inflata s.l., one of which also included the type strain of Humicola dimorphospora, a species that traditionally has been considered a synonym of S. inflata. These two groups are proposed herein as Sporothrix brunneoviolacea sp. nov. and Sporothrix dimorphospora comb. nov. S. brunneoviolacea is characterized phenotypically by the production of a diffusible violet-brown pigment in culture and mostly globose, pigmented, lateral blastoconidia. On the other hand S. dimorphospora lacks diffusible pigments and shows mostly subglobose to obovoid pigmented lateral blastoconidia. In contrast to the type strain of S. inflata S. brunneoviolacea and S. dimorphospora assimilate raffinose. The phylogenetic analysis suggested that the proposed anamorph-teleomorph connection between S. inflata and O. bragantinum might not be correct.
... Reid, belongs to the Dacrymycetales (Reid 1974). Moore (1987) noticed the fact that the septal pore ultrastructure of Sporothrix cyanescens does not show affinity to Dacrymycetales, nevertheless he supposed both Cerinosterus species to be congeneric, because of low quality and uncertain interpretation of the SEM figures published by Smith and Batenburg-van der Vegte (1985Vegte ( , 1986. However, partial LSU-rDNA sequences and the nutritional profile showed Cerinosterus cyanescens to be a close relative of the ustilaginomycetous fungus Microstroma juglandis (Ustilaginomycetes: Microstromatales) (Weijman and de Hoog 1985, Middelhoven et al. 2000, substantially differing from the type species of the genus Cerinosterus. ...
S. (2006): The taxonomic and ecological characterisation of the clinically important heterobasiodiomycete Fugomyces cyanescens and its association with bark beetles. – Czech Mycol. 58(1–2): 81–98. Anamorphic heterobasidiomycete, taxonomically highly related or identical with Fugomyces cyanescens (Basidiomycota: Microstromatales), formerly known mostly from the clinical material, was frequently found in association with nine phloemophagous bark beetles at eleven localities in Hun-gary, Bulgaria and in the Mediterranean. The isolates were identified using morphological characteris-tics, its physiological profile and rDNA sequences and compared with the ex-type strain. The phylog-eny was studied based on LSU and ITS-rDNA analysis. The morphology and ecology of the species is discussed in relation to related taxa which occur primarily on plants (phylloplane saprobes, parasit-ism), but sporadically also on clinical material obtained mostly from immuno-compromised patients.. a Pažoutová S. (2006): Taxonomie a ekologie klinicky významného heterobazidiomycetu Fugomyces cyanescens a jeho vazba na kůrovce. – Czech Mycol. 58(1–2): 81–98. Během studia floémofágních kůrovců na devíti lokalitách v Maďarsku, Bulharsku a ve středomoř-ských státech byla často izolována anamorfní sněť Fugomyces cyanescens (Basidiomycota: Microstro-matales), dříve známá především z klinického materiálu. Získané kmeny byly charakterizovány pomo-cí morfologických znaků, fyziologických testů, a sekvencí ribosomální DNA (LSU, ITS-rDNA) a srovná-ny s typovým kmenem. Morfologické a ekologické vlastnosti této houby jsou dále porovnávány s pří-buznými taxony. Ty také žijí převážně na rostlinném materiálu, ale příležitostně bývají izolovány z materiálu klinického, získaného převážně z oslabených pacientů.
... This isolate was sent to CBS in 1973 and was identified as Sporothrix cyanescens de Hoog & G.A. de Vries, earlier described from human skin (De Hoog & De Vries 1973). Smith & Batenburg-Van der Vegte (1985) confirmed that S. cyanescens, and also S. luteoalba de Hoog, have dolipores in their septa and are thus the anamorphs of basidiomycetes. Based on this fact and the presence of the basidiomycetous coenzyme Q-10 system (Suzuki & Nakase 1986), Moore (1987) erected a new genus, Cerinosterus R.T. Moore, for the two Sporothrix spp., with C. luteoalbus (de Hoog) R.T. Moore as generic type species. ...
The genus Quambalaria consists of plant-pathogenic fungi causing disease on leaves and shoots of species of Eucalyptus and its close relative, Corymbia. The phylogenetic relationship of Quambalaria spp., previously classified in genera such as Sporothrix and Ramularia, has never been addressed. It has, however, been suggested that they belong to the basidiomycete orders Exobasidiales or Ustilaginales. The aim of this study was thus to consider the ordinal relationships of Q. eucalypti and Q. pitereka using ribosomal LSU sequences. Sequence data from the ITS nrDNA were used to determine the phylogenetic relationship of the two Quambalaria species together with Fugomyces (= Cerinosterus) cyanescens. In addition to sequence data, the ultrastructure of the septal pores of the species in question was compared. From the LSU sequence data it was concluded that Quambalaria spp. and F. cyanescens form a monophyletic clade in the Microstromatales, an order of the Ustilaginomycetes. Sequences from the ITS region confirmed that Q. pitereka and Q. eucalypti are distinct species. The ex-type isolate of F. cyanescens, together with another isolate from Eucalyptus in Australia, constitute a third species of Quambalaria, Q. cyanescens (de Hoog & G.A. de Vries) Z.W. de Beer, Begerow & R. Bauer comb. nov. Transmission electron-microscopic studies of the septal pores confirm that all three Quambalaria spp. have dolipores with swollen lips, which differ from other members of the Microstromatales (i.e. the Microstromataceae and Volvocisporiaceae) that have simple pores with more or less rounded pore lips. Based on their unique ultrastructural features and the monophyly of the three Quambalaria spp. in the Microstromatales, a new family, Quambalariaceae Z.W. de Beer, Begerow & R. Bauer fam. nov., is described.
... The denticles of Teberdinia often are indistinct from the beginning; moreover, in species other than the Teberdinia anamorph of P. desertorum, they soon are effaced through swelling of the fertile apex after several conidia have been produced. Cerinosterus has been shown to be a basidiomycetous anamorph with typical dolipore septa (Smith and Batenburg-van der Vegte 1985, Moore 1987). Two species of Sporothrix, including the type, S. schenckii, can be seen in phylogenetic analysis of 18S rDNA to be unrelated to Teberdinia (FIG. ...
A hyphomycetous fungus isolated from montane fen soil in the Caucasus Mountains, Russia, had obscurely sympodial conidiogenous cells that suggested a link to the heterogeneous genus Leptodontidium. Sequence analysis of the nuclear ribosomal small subunit and internal transcribed spacer region, however, disclosed that the fungus was an anamorphic member of a clade containing the cleistothecial ascomycetous genus Pseudeurotium. Teberdinia, gen. nov., is proposed for the blastic, generally sympodially proliferating anamorphs in this group, and Teberdinia hygrophila, sp. nov., is proposed for the species from upland fens. Binomials are not proposed for the remaining Teberdinia anamorphs of Pseudeurotium species. Purely anamorphic isolates in this clade are difficult to recognize using current morphological keys and might be more widely distributed and ecologically significant than is currently evident.
... Cerinosterus cyanescens (syn. Sporothrix cyanescens) is a morphologically similar species, which is also occasionally pathogenic to humans, but the conidial scars are very small and its cultures produce a diffusible violet pigment; it probably belongs to the Basidiomycota (494). Until relatively recently, there was a tendency to place Ophiostoma in synonymy with Ceratocystis. ...
Fungal infections, especially those caused by opportunistic species, have become substantially more common in recent decades. Numerous species cause human infections, and several new human pathogens are discovered yearly. This situation has created an increasing interest in fungal taxonomy and has led to the development of new methods and approaches to fungal biosystematics which have promoted important practical advances in identification procedures. However, the significance of some data provided by the new approaches is still unclear, and results drawn from such studies may even increase nomenclatural confusion. Analyses of rRNA and rDNA sequences constitute an important complement of the morphological criteria needed to allow clinical fungi to be more easily identified and placed on a single phylogenetic tree. Most of the pathogenic fungi so far described belong to the kingdom Fungi; two belong to the kingdom Chromista. Within the Fungi, they are distributed in three phyla and in 15 orders (Pneumocystidales, Saccharomycetales, Dothideales, Sordariales, Onygenales, Eurotiales, Hypocreales, Ophiostomatales, Microascales, Tremellales, Poriales, Stereales, Agaricales, Schizophyllales, and Ustilaginales).
... Additional .tests like hydrolysis by urease, formation of extracellular amyloid compounds, DBB-reaction (Prillinger et ai., 1990a,b) or the ultrastructure of septa are important (Kreger-van Rij and Veenhuis, 1974;van der Walt et ai., 1983;Smith and Batenburg-van der Vegte, 1985). Furthermore the Glc -Man -Gal pattern was detected recently in different orders of the filamentous Ascomycetes (Prillinger et ai., 1990a;unpublished results). ...
Thirtynine yeast isolates or dimorphic fungi were obtained from the hindgut of the lower termites Mastotermis darwiniensis (Mastotermitidae), Zootermopsis angusticollis, Z. nevadensis (Hodotermitidae), Neotermes jouteli (Kalotermitidae), Reticulitermes santonensis, Heterotermes indicola (Rhinotermitidae) and the roach Cryptocercus punctulatus. Using RAPD-PCR the 39 yeast isolates were assigned to 13 different species. Commonly yeast species were specific to the termite species isolates from. There were only two yeast species which were found in different species of lower termites. Based on phenotypic characters Debaryomyces hansenii showed a high score in four species. The qualitative and quantitative yeast cell wall monosaccharide composition, the ubiquinone system, partial sequencing of 18S ribosomal DNA (bases 1273 to 948; numbering according to the gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae), and the ultrastructure of septal pores indicate that 11 yeast species belong to the Endomycetales. Although ascospores were lacking, two of these species were identified to belong to the genus Debaryomyces. One remaining yeast isolate was identified as a Sporothrix anamorph representative for the filamentous Ascomycetes (Ophiostomataceae s. str.); the second species showed affinities to the Basidiomycetes in particular to the genus Trichosporon. Comparing an additional 18S rDNA fragment (bases 595 to 993) and RAPD-PCR data using different species type strains of the genus Sporothrix, the filamentous ascomycete was genotypically identified as Sporothrix albicans. Sporothrix. albicans, although phylogenetically closely related to S. schenckii var. schenckii and Ophiostoma stenoceras remains genotypically distinct. An emended species description of S. albicans is presented. Evidence is provided that the yeasts isolated from the hindgut can be considered symbionts.
... Rhamnose-containing species suggested a link to the ascomycete family Ophiostomataceae since S. schenckii and several species of % the genus Ophiostoma (formerly included in the genus Ceratocystis) demonstrated this component, whereas nonrhamnose-containing species were linked to the ascomycetous yeasts. The argument was further supported by the high O o mannose content of the latter species and ultrastructural J e d K evidence of a simple septum with Woronin bodies in S. I «:: < _ schenckii (20). The only xylose-containing species, Sporothrix luteoalba, was considered to be basidiomycetous, and gS *~^this connection was confirmed by demonstration of a dolipore septum with a nonperforate pore cap (20) and a subsequent study (14) linking this species to teleomorphs in t | the genus Cerinomyces (members of the family Dacrymycetaceae). ...
... The argument was further supported by the high O o mannose content of the latter species and ultrastructural J e d K evidence of a simple septum with Woronin bodies in S. I «:: < _ schenckii (20). The only xylose-containing species, Sporothrix luteoalba, was considered to be basidiomycetous, and gS *~^this connection was confirmed by demonstration of a dolipore septum with a nonperforate pore cap (20) and a subsequent study (14) linking this species to teleomorphs in t | the genus Cerinomyces (members of the family Dacrymycetaceae). S. cyanescens was unusual in its lack of both MH 3677) after growth on brain heart L-rhamnose and xylose, its low mannose content, and its days showing hyphae and detached simple dolipore septum without a pore cap (20,23). ...
... The only xylose-containing species, Sporothrix luteoalba, was considered to be basidiomycetous, and gS *~^this connection was confirmed by demonstration of a dolipore septum with a nonperforate pore cap (20) and a subsequent study (14) linking this species to teleomorphs in t | the genus Cerinomyces (members of the family Dacrymycetaceae). S. cyanescens was unusual in its lack of both MH 3677) after growth on brain heart L-rhamnose and xylose, its low mannose content, and its days showing hyphae and detached simple dolipore septum without a pore cap (20,23). On the hology. ...
Sporothrix cyanescens has been recovered from blood and a finger lesion at several medical centers in the United States. The morphology and physiology of these and three additional isolates were studied. S. cyanescens was distinguished from S. schenckii and S. fungorum by white to lavender colonial pigmentation and from S. schenckii also by the formation of secondary conidia. All isolates of S. cyanescens grew well at 37 degrees C, were cycloheximide susceptible, strongly urease positive, and benomyl resistant, failed to hydrolyze starch, and were inhibited by sodium chloride in vitro at a concentration of greater than or equal to 12%. Study of S. cyanescens in a murine model by using intravenous inoculation failed to demonstrate an invasive pathogenic potential. The validity of the transfer of S. cyanescens to the new genus Cerinosterus Moore is discussed.
