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Some general characteristics of Slovenia, the Pomurje region and the Goriška region ( 1 SORS 2011; 2 MESP 2011).
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Globalization processes have restructured rural areas enormously: their impacts in European rural areas were studied in order to define the balance in opportunities and reality as well as threats. In Slovenia two border rural regions were selected: the Pomurje region and the Goriška region. In the first one the main research focus was: (1) environm...
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Citations
Dans le contexte Méditerranéen pluri-complexe, tant au niveau écologique que sociopolitique, la mise en place de zones protégées mobilise une grande diversité d’outils basés sur des réalités règlementaires, foncières, financières, scientifiques et techniques. L’accompagnement des décideurs dans la conception et la mise en place de réseaux d’aires protégées est donc nécessaire. Cette thèse est fondée sur le principe de priorisation des enjeux socio-écologiques de conservation pour une orientation pertinente des options de protection dans les régions du pourtour méditerranéen. Elle s’appuie sur l’exemple précis du Liban, où les initiatives de protection demeurent jusqu’à ce jour peu adaptées aux besoins écologiques de conservation, et semblent guidées par une réponse à des enjeux socio-politique locaux qui priment sur les enjeux écologiques. Le but est de proposer une démarche objective, basée sur une combinaison de descripteurs écologiques et socio-économiques, qui permettrait une orientation réfléchie et adaptée pour la future désignation des aires protégées. Ainsi, sur base d’une revue bibliographique, des descripteurs complémentaires, non redondants, faciles à renseigner, et adaptés au contexte méditerranéen, ont été identifiés (avec leurs modalités, leurs valeurs et leurs variantes). A partir de ceux-ci nous avons élaboré un outil de support à la décision (MedConserve) qui permet de structurer les priorités de conservation de la biodiversité en utilisant les meilleures connaissances disponibles. Cet outil, testé sur plusieurs sites au Liban, propose différentes alternatives de protection priorisées, parmi lesquelles l’utilisateur (ministère, municipalité, région, etc.) serait en mesure de choisir la plus appropriée en fonction du contexte sociopolitique prévalent. Ceci met l’accent sur la forte dimension politique dans la conservation, dans la mesure où, même si l’objectif est de fournir un outil pour la désignation des aires protégées, les véritables défis se situeront ensuite au niveau des choix et des décisions d’ordre politique.
Despite popular representations that portray rural areas as ‘timeless’ and ‘unchanging’, rural places around the world are varied, dynamic, and complex. Rural areas everywhere are integral, productive, and ever‐changing parts of the modern world that face complex demographic, environmental, social, and economic challenges that are not dissimilar to those encountered by their urban and suburban counterparts. The architectural heritage in rural areas is often also more diverse than imagined. Agricultural buildings tend to be widespread, but are frequently complemented by other, more unexpected forms of architecture, including housing estates, industrial plants, military bases, and tourist resorts. Although architectural regeneration projects that reuse and repurpose existing rural architectural heritage with the specific aim of revitalising local communities, economies, and places are rare, those projects that do exist show that a lack of people and economic possibilities, resulting from rapidly changing social, economic, and environmental contexts, are complicating factors in rural contexts.
Protected areas constitute a key foundation for national and international strategies of effective biodiversity and ecosystems conservation. Yet, they are not islands; they are components of their surrounding social and ecological contexts. Reconciling biodiversity conservation, people, protected areas and sustainable livelihoods requires a focused strategic planning for conservation and development. The designation of new reserves must be thus based on sound indicators within ecological, socioeconomic, institutional, and financial contexts. Many of the ecological and socioeconomic indicators have been designed for this purpose by practitioners and conservation planners around the world. Although these indicators are crucial to orient conservation priorities and protected areas' designation patterns, their identification remains a big challenge, largely due to the fact that an indicator is a simplification of a system (whether natural or social) which is characterized by high structural complexity, considerable spatial heterogeneity and temporal fluctuations. This paper presents a review of ecological and socioeconomic indicators globally used to orient conservation planning on the global and national levels. It also suggests a set of suitable, relevant, and practical set of indicators, adapted to Mediterranean-type continental environments.
