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Some chronological markers of the second wave of migrations of the Przeworsk tribes to the western lands of Ukraine: 1, 2 -fibulae (1 -Mlyniv, 2 -Ivane-Zolote); 3-5 -belt set (3 -Gromivka, 4 -Arkadiïvci, 5 -Ilâtka); 6 -spur (Petryliv); 7, 8 -bucket handles (7 -Arkadiïvci, 8 -Gromivka); 9-12 -swords (9 -Vólycâ, 10 -Mlyniv, 11 -Pidpečery, 12 -Gromivka); 13-16 -umbons (13 -Vólycâ, 14 -Pidpečery, 15 -Mlyniv, 16 -Arkadiïvci). 1-5 -bronze; 6-16 -iron (after: Myhajlovsʹkyj 2014, fig. 3: 2, 4; 4: 2; Kozak, Pryŝepa 1999, fig. 3: 1; 42; Vakulenko et al. 2018a, fig. 5; Vakulenko et al, 2018b, fig. 5; Adamovyč, Tyliŝak 2019, fig. 4: 1, 4; Śmiszko 1932, tabl. II: 13; III: 11; Dąbrowska, Godłowski, 1970, tabl. II: 1-4; ІІІ: 1-3)
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During the 1st-3rd centuries AD, waves of migrations repeatedly swept through the area of present-day western Ukraine. As evidenced by archaeological materials, migrations of Dacian and Przeworsk populations at the beginning of the 1st century AD and during the 2nd century led to the formation of the Lipitsa culture in this region, a cultural unit...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... profiled fibula with an openworked receiver of the A-67 -A-68 type (Fig. 2: 3) in burial No. 3 (1975), the spurs J 9-11 ( Fig. 2: 19) began to function a little earlier, between 20-40 AD. Thus, the sites of the Zvenygorod group with all complex of finds: fibulae ( Fig. 2: 1-5), buckles ( Fig. 2: 11-13), swords ( Fig. 2: 14, 15), spear-heads ( Fig. 2: 16-18), spurs ( Fig. 2: 19-21), shield umbons ( Fig. 2: 22, 23) demonstrate the initial stage of Lipitsa culture formation, which falls on the period B1, sometimes including B2a (Slo- bodân 2017, 227). In turn, the cemetery in Verhnâ Lypycâ is a site of already established culture. Its chronology is provided by finds in the range of 70-170 ...
Context 2
... is provided by finds in the range of 70-170 AD, indicating the next phase B2. The sharply profiled fibulae found in the burials belong to later variants than the fibulae found in the burials of the Zvenygorod group cemeteries. According to the fibulae types A-73, A-82 the burials at Verhnâ Lypycâ cemetery can be dated by the 2 nd cent. AD (Fig. 2: 6, 7). The latest are enamel fibulae (Fig. 2: 10), which go into the second half of the 2 nd cent. AD (Vakulenko 2001). It is interesting to note that the A-68 type, the most common of the early Lipitsa sites, was found at the cemetery in Verhnâ Lypycâ in only one copy and is the earliest ...
Context 3
... the Przeworsk burials of the second wave, at the beginning of the late Roman period, a large role for chronological definitions is given to items of military equipment (Fig. 6: 9-16). Since the beginning of the Late Roman period, weaponry have been much more common in Przeworsk burials than in the previous period. Usually, the most common find is a spear. However, the most demostrative chronological indicator are Roman-style swords of spatha type. In the Roman army, this type of swords with a long two-edged blade ...
Context 4
... (Dąbrowska, Godłows- ki 1970, 86). Evidence to this are the findings of blades made by the technique of damascening (Biborski 2000, 58-59). It is possible that such swords were also found in the Przeworsk graves discovered in Western Ukraine. Undoubtedly, the Roman one was a sword found in a burial in Gromivka (Громівка), Khmelnytskyi Oblast (Fig. 6: 12), on the blade of which brass inlays were found (Dąbrowska, Godłowski 1970, tabl. II: 1-3). On one side of the blade is a picture of Mars holding a spear in one hand and a shield in the other. On the other side of the blade there is a Roman legionary eagle. Barbarians obtained Roman swords in battles, as well as obtained by legal and ...
Context 5
... the value of such items (Dąbrowska, Godłowski 1970, 89). Such treatment of the blade surface can be traced on swords found at Przeworsk sites of this in Western Ukraine. For example, a sword with a blade length of 65 cm, a width of 5,5-6,7 cm and fullers on the blade was in a burial, opened in Mlyniv (Млинів), Rivne Oblast (Kozak, Pryŝepa 1999) (Fig. 6: 10). A sword (Fig. 6: 9), with a long blade and wide fullers, was found at the Przeworsk cemetery in Vólycâ (Во́лицяВо́лиця), Ternopil Oblast (blade length -75 cm, width -4.4 cm) ( Vakulenko et al. 2018a). Fullers were on the blades of swords from burials in Ternava (Тернава) village (Spicyn 1904), in the already mentioned Gromivka (blade ...
Context 6
... (Dąbrowska, Godłowski 1970, 89). Such treatment of the blade surface can be traced on swords found at Przeworsk sites of this in Western Ukraine. For example, a sword with a blade length of 65 cm, a width of 5,5-6,7 cm and fullers on the blade was in a burial, opened in Mlyniv (Млинів), Rivne Oblast (Kozak, Pryŝepa 1999) (Fig. 6: 10). A sword (Fig. 6: 9), with a long blade and wide fullers, was found at the Przeworsk cemetery in Vólycâ (Во́лицяВо́лиця), Ternopil Oblast (blade length -75 cm, width -4.4 cm) ( Vakulenko et al. 2018a). Fullers were on the blades of swords from burials in Ternava (Тернава) village (Spicyn 1904), in the already mentioned Gromivka (blade length is about 65 ...
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... length is about 65 cm, width -6,4 cm), on the blade of a sword with a broken end found in Kudrynci (Кудринці) (Kokowski, Vinokur , 1997, rys. 1), Long spatha type swords were found near Ilâtka (Ілятка), Khmelnytskyi Oblast (blade length is about 65 cm, width -4,4-6,6 cm) ( Vakulenko et al. 2018b), in Pidpečery (Підпечери), Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast (Fig. 6: 11) (blade length is about 71,5 cm, width -5,5,-6,5 cm (Adamovyč, Tyliŝak 2019) and also in the burials published by M. Śmiszko: Kapustynci (Капустинці) (blade length -66 cm, width -6 cm), Rydka (blade length -71 cm, width -6 cm), Velyka Kam'ânka (Велика Кам'янка), Dobrostany (Добростани) (blade length -71 cm, width -5,8) (Śmiszko 1932, ...
Context 8
... a burial in Málašivci (Ма́лашівціМа́лашівці), Ternopil Oblast with a double-edged sword that had a blade length of 70 cm, with a width of 6,3 cm (Onyŝuk 2018, 133, fig. 48). The hilt of the sword from Kapustynci ended with an oval flat pommel (Śmiszko 1932 p. 16, 17). The same flat oval pommels are also present on the hilts of swords from Vólycâ (Fig. 6, 9) and Mlyniv (Fig. 6, 10), the blades of which had fullers. The pommels were on the hilt of a sword from Kudrynci (Kokowski, Vinokur 1997, fig. 1) and on pommels of both swords from the destroyed cemetery in Novyj Âryčiv (Новий Яричів). Due to severe damage, the length of these latter cannot be determined, but their width was 4,8 and ...
Context 9
... (Ма́лашівціМа́лашівці), Ternopil Oblast with a double-edged sword that had a blade length of 70 cm, with a width of 6,3 cm (Onyŝuk 2018, 133, fig. 48). The hilt of the sword from Kapustynci ended with an oval flat pommel (Śmiszko 1932 p. 16, 17). The same flat oval pommels are also present on the hilts of swords from Vólycâ (Fig. 6, 9) and Mlyniv (Fig. 6, 10), the blades of which had fullers. The pommels were on the hilt of a sword from Kudrynci (Kokowski, Vinokur 1997, fig. 1) and on pommels of both swords from the destroyed cemetery in Novyj Âryčiv (Новий Яричів). Due to severe damage, the length of these latter cannot be determined, but their width was 4,8 and 5,5 cm. On the fragment of ...
Context 10
... chronological markers of Przeworsk sites of the second wave of migrations ( Fig. 6: 1-8), such as two-pieced fastening fibulae with rounded and triangular cross-section of the bowl (Mlyniv, Ivane-Zolote (Іване-Золоте)), two-part buckles with "Ω" -and " D "-shaped frames (Novyj Âryčiv, Malašivci, Gromivka), trapezoidal flat strap-ends (Arkadiïvci, Ilâtka), spurs with a hook on the bend of the heel band (Gromivka, Velyka ...
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12, м. Львів, 79013, тел.: (032) 258-21-59, https://orcid.org/ 0000-0003-0177-8087 Стасюк Іван Михайлович кандидат історичних наук, доцент, доцент кафедри історії, музеєзнавства і культурної спадщини, Національний університет «Львівська політехніка», вул. С. Бандери. 12, м. Львів, 79013, тел.: (032) 258-21-59, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4003-3670 ФОРМУВАННЯ ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ ВІЙСЬКОВОЇ ЕЛІТИ У ПЛЕМЕН ВОЛИНІ ТА СХІДНОГО ПРИКАРПАТТЯ НАПЕРЕДОДНІ ТА ЗА ДОБИ ВЕЛИКОГО ПЕРЕСЕЛЕННЯ НАРОДІВ Анотація. Стаття присвячена дослідженню актуальних питань становлення професійного військового стану у період напередодні та за доби Великого переселення народів у Східній Європі. В цей період на землях Волині та Прикарпаття відбувалось формування слов'янського етносу. Наприкінці розглядуваного періоду відбувалась активна інвазія слов'янських племен із вказаної території на сусідні землі. Цей рух, насамперед, до кордонів Римської імперії, передбачав наявність певної військової еліти. На основі аналізу останній досліджень і публікацій встановлено певну концентрацію в даний період на землях Волині та Прикарпаття предметів озброєння та розкоші, пов'язаних із формуванням у середовищі місцевих племен професійних військових загонів. На конкретних прикладах розглянуто поширення на цій території у IV-VII ст. знахідок озброєння та спорядження професійних воїнів (насамперед, клинкової зброї). З'ясовано значне зростання кількості знахідок озброєння під час другого етапу переходу племен пшеворської культури через сучасні українські землі наприкінці III-у ІV ст. Проаналізовано процес формування комплексів клинкової зброї на основі римського довгого кавалерійського меча-т.зв. спати. та її трансформації протягом V-VI ст. Зроблено висновок про формування певних «вождівських» осередків, що фіксуються наприкінці IV-у VI ст. у Подністров'ї та на Волині. Осередок влади на Середньому Дністрі обслуговувала ювелірна майстерня у Бернашівці
