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Solanum luculentum. A) portion of stem with flowering inflorescence, B) detail of stem with peeling bark, C) buds, D) open long-styled flower with anthers removed, E) long-styled flower cross-section, F) anthers, G) short-styled flower cross-section, H) fruiting inflorescence from putatively pistillate individual. A-B drawn from Nee & Callejas 32546, C-F from Steyermark et al. 127855, G from Steyermark & Dunsterville 100777, H from Killip & Smith 15952. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0010502.g002
Source publication
Solanum (Solanaceae), with approximately 1500 species, is one of the largest genera of flowering plants, and has a centre of diversity in the New World tropics. The genus is divided into 13 major clades, of which two, the Dulcamaroid clade and the "African Non-Spiny" clade, exhibit vine morphology with twining petioles. I am currently preparing a w...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... Vereda Manzanares, Finca La Montañ ita, Cerro de la Vieja, páramo de Sonsón, 2600-3100 m, 11 Jan 1995, J. Betancur & S.P. Churchill 5912 (holotype, COL [COL000057871]; isotype, HUA). Figure 2. Species Solano dichroandro Dunal similis, sed corticibus exfoliatis, foliis glabris nitidis, floribus heterostylibus (unisexualibus?), differt. ...
Context 2
... species by the Solanaceae specialist ConradV. Morton in the 1940s on herbarium annotation slips on specimens in US ( Archer 1153Archer , 1227, but the very appropriate name was never published. I have decided to use it here, as it perfectly describes the distinguishing characteristic of this species, its coriaceous, lustrous and shining leaves (Fig. 2B). Solanum luculentum has long been confused with S. dichroandrum Dunal, another vining species from northern South America, but differs from that in its completely glabrous leaves and inflorescences, revolute leaf margins and heterostylous ...
Context 3
... of S. luculentum, to my knowledge, either bear short- styled flowers and no fruits or long-styled flowers and fruits (see Fig. 2D, E, F); this is indicative of a dioecious species of Solanum, one of very few outside the Leptostemonum clade [14], and the first record for this breeding system in the Dulcamaroid clade. Field confirmation of the breeding system of S. luculentum will be interesting; pollen of this species has not yet been examined to ascertain if it ...
Similar publications
The informal taxonomic subgroup typified by Solanum sturtianum F.Muell. comprises those species that have stellate hairs, black mature fruits with a thin brittle pericarp, and brown to black seeds. The subgroup is endemic to Australia. Ten species are recognised here: S. sturtianum is maintained, S. morrisonii Domin is reinstated, and eight new spe...
Indigenous parasiloids inhibil the eslablishment ol a gall{orming moth impofied fol the bi0l0gical control ol Solanun elaeagniloliunGav. (Solanaceae) in South Aflica T. Olckers Plant Pratection Researcll Lllstilute, Pripafe Bag X9059, Pietermarifzburg, 3200 South At'rica Two North American species of Frtzenfa (Lepi-doptera: Gelechiidae) were import...
A new species of Solanum from Brazil is described. Solanum evolvuloides Giacomin & Stehmann, sp. nov. belongs to section Gonatotrichum, a small group assigned to the Brevantherum Clade of the genus Solanum. It resembles Solanum turneroides Chodat, sharing with it heterandry, and Solanum parcistrigosum Bitter, with which it shares a similar habit an...
Antecedentes:
El género Solanum (Solanaceae) incluye hierbas anuales, hierbas perennes y epífitas, lianas herbáceas, bejucos, sufrútices, arbustos y árboles. Las flores son pentámeras, gamosépalas y gamopétalas con corolas estrelladas, pentagonales o rotadas y anteras dehiscentes por poros apicales. El fruto es una baya. Solanum es uno de los 10 gé...
Solanum marginatum L. f. (Solanaceae) is a weedy shrub native to Ethiopian highlands, including the Bale Mountains National Park (BMNP) where it is currently rapidly increasing in abundance. In this study, based on two independent datasets, we examined whether and how herbivory activities (e.g., grazing/browsing, and soil disturbance) by wild ungul...
Citations
... These are also sometimes called "leaf climbers" (Darwin, 1865). This climbing mechanism is present in six angiosperm orders (Sousa-Baena et al. 2018b) including Asterales (e.g., Hidalgoa, Asteraceae) (Fig. 11a) and Solanales (e.g., species of the Solanum Dulcamaroid clade, Solanaceae, Knapp, 2010Knapp, , 2013, but most twining petiole climbers are concentrated in Ranunculales (e.g., Clematis, Ranunculaceae) (Fig. 11b,c) and Brassicales (e.g., Tropaeolum, Tropaeolaceae). "Twining petioles" is not much of a consistent category of climbing mechanisms throughout the literature as is twining or root climbing. ...
In science, standardization of terminology is crucial to make information accessible and allow proper comparison of studies’ results. Climbing plants and the climbing habit have been described in numerous ways, frequently with imprecise and dubious terms. We propose a standardization of terms regarding the climbing habit, with special attention to climbing mechanisms. We abide by previous suggestions that the terms “primary” and “secondary” hemiepiphyte be substituted by “hemiepiphyte” and “nomadic climber” respectively, thus emphasizing the relationship of the latter to the climbing habit. We also suggest that “climbing plant” or “climber” be used to describe plants displaying the climbing habit, and “liana” and “vine” be left for describing woody and herbaceous climbers respectively. As for climbing mechanisms, we propose an eight-category classification comprised of two major categories: passive climbing, containing scrambling, hooks or grapnels, and adhesive roots; and active climbing, containing twining, tendrils, prehensile branches, twining petioles, and twining inflorescences.
... Solanum sanchez-vegae S. Knapp [28] There are 7 digitally available records for this set of specimens, from 5 separate institutional specimen repositories. These are independently managed and not interlinked. ...
Botanical specimens are shared as long-term consultable research objects in a global network of specimen repositories. Multiple specimens are generated from a shared field collection event; generated specimens are then managed individually in separate repositories and independently augmented with research and management metadata which could be propagated to their duplicate peers. Establishing a data-derived network for metadata propagation will enable the reconciliation of closely related specimens which are currently dispersed, unconnected and managed independently. Following a data mining exercise applied to an aggregated dataset of 19,827,998 specimen records from 292 separate specimen repositories, 36% or 7,102,710 specimens are assessed to participate in duplication relationships, allowing the propagation of metadata among the participants in these relationships, totalling: 93,044 type citations, 1,121,865 georeferences, 1,097,168 images and 2,191,179 scientific name determinations. The results enable the creation of networks to identify which repositories could work in collaboration. Some classes of annotation (particularly those regarding scientific name determinations) represent units of scientific work: appropriate management of this data would allow the accumulation of scholarly credit to individual researchers: potential further work in this area is discussed.
... A Special Committee was established at the Vienna Congress to examine the issues, with the mandate to prepare proposals for the next IBC in Melbourne in 2011[13]. Over the six years between the XVII (Vienna) and XVIII (Melbourne) Congresses, publication rules were challenged by Knapp[14], who published new species in PLoS ONE-an on-line only journaland complied with letter of the Code by depositing ten offprints in botanical libraries[15]. 30A.2. ...
Background
At the Nomenclature Section of the XVIII International Botanical Congress in Melbourne, Australia (IBC), the botanical community voted to allow electronic publication of nomenclatural acts for algae, fungi and plants, and to abolish the rule requiring Latin descriptions or diagnoses for new taxa. Since the 1st January 2012, botanists have been able to publish new names in electronic journals and may use Latin or English as the language of description or diagnosis.
Results
Using data on vascular plants from the International Plant Names Index (IPNI) spanning the time period in which these changes occurred, we analysed trajectories in publication trends and assessed the impact of these new rules for descriptions of new species and nomenclatural acts. The data show that the ability to publish electronically has not “opened the floodgates” to an avalanche of sloppy nomenclature, but concomitantly neither has there been a massive expansion in the number of names published, nor of new authors and titles participating in publication of botanical nomenclature.
Conclusions
The e-publication changes introduced in the Melbourne Code have gained acceptance, and botanists are using these new techniques to describe and publish their work. They have not, however, accelerated the rate of plant species description or participation in biodiversity discovery as was hoped.
Electronic supplementary material
The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12862-017-0961-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
... Solanum L. is the largest genus in the family Solanaceae, comprising 1500 species distributed in the subtropical and tropical regions [1]. ...
... NMR tube for the Bruker Match system. 1 H and 13 C NMR spectra were referenced to the residual NMR signal at δ 3.31 and the methanol-d 4 signal at δ 49.0, respectively ...
Solanum americanum is one of the most prominent species used to treat type 2 diabetes in Guatemala. In our ongoing efforts to find antidiabetic and antioxidative compounds from natural sources, an ethyl acetate extract of this medicinal herb was investigated using dual high-resolution α-glucosidase/radical scavenging inhibition profiling. The high-resolution biochromatograms obtained by this technique were used to target subsequent structural elucidation by HPLC-HRMS-SPE-NMR analysis towards the bioactive constituents. This led to identification of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (1) and 3-indolecarboxylic acid (6) associated with radical scavenging activity, and the amide alkaloids N-trans-p-coumaroyloctopamine (3), N-trans-p-feruloyloctopamine (4), N-trans-p-coumaroyltyramine (8) and N-trans-p-feruloyltyramine (9) correlated with α-glucosidase inhibitory activity as well as radical scavenging activity. Further analysis revealed a new lactone, methyl 5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-5-methyl-2-oxotetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-carboxylate (7) and a new steroid with a rare F ring (11). Corchorifatty acid B (12) was reported for the first time in the Solanaceae family. Their structures were elucidated by extensive use of 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy as well as HRMS analysis.
... Leptostemonum (Whalen and Costich 1986;Miller and Diggle 2003). The few reported dioecious species are found in Solanum (Levine and Anderson 1986;Anderson and Symon 1989;Knapp et al. 1998;Knapp 2010b), Deprea (Sawyer and Anderson 2000), Dunalia (Hunziker 2001), Lycium (Minne et al. 1994;Miller and Venable 2002) and Withania (Hepper 1991;Anderson et al. 2006). Gender dimorphism has evolved independently in six lineages, primarily in the Physalideae (sub Solaneae, Sawyer and Anderson 2000). ...
Shrubs or perennial to annual herbs, rarely trees, rosette-forming or ephemerals, sometimes with tuberous or gemmiferous roots, or with tubers or stolons; stems occasionally with heteroblastic growth or with cauline spines; plants glabrous, frequently viscose or slightly or densely wooly-tomentose, with a diverse array of non-glandular and glandular trichomes. Leaves alternate, often in pairs, sometimes becoming opposite in the inflorescence, usually simple, entire, infrequently pinnatifid to deeply dissected or compound, exstipulate. Flowers perfect, rarely functionally unisexual in dioecious or andromonoecious plants, sessile to mostly pedicellate, fragrant or not, solitary or more commonly in axillary, extra-axillary, or terminal multi-flowered lax panicles, cymes or fascicles. Perianth (4)5(6)-merous; calyx actinomorphic, rarely zygomorphic, undivided or slightly to much divided, usually persistent and variously accrescent; corolla actinomorphic or zygomorphic, rotate, stellate, tubular, infundibuliform or hypocrateriform, exceptionally papilionaceous, tube glabrous or hairy inside, lobes longer or shorter than the tube, similar or dissimilar in size, aestivation valvate, valvate-induplicate, valvate-plicate, valvate-conduplicate, valvate-supervolute, cochlear, cochlear-conduplicate, cochlear-plicate, contorted-induplicate, contorted-conduplicate, contorted-plicate, quincuncial, or reciprocative; androecium included or exserted, 5-merous, 6-merous (Goetzea), 4-merous (then stamens equal in Nothocestrum, otherwise didynamous: 4 fertile or 2 fertile stamens and 2 staminodes; sometimes also with a fifth staminode) or with 2 fertile mobile stamens in lateral or dorsal position and 3 staminodes with vestigial or sometimes without anthers, filaments straight or declinate, inserted at different heights on the corolla tube, distinct or connate in a basal ring fused to the corolla, filament base appendages adnate to petal tube (“stapet”) absent, inconspicuous or conspicuous (with or generally without basal auricles), anthers dorsifixed, basifixed, dorsi-basifixed, or ventrifixed, extrorse, introrse or latrorse, frequently connivent (in Solanum sect. Lycopersicon with sterile apices and joined in a column), thecae generally non confluent apically, equal or unequal, dehiscence longitudinal or by terminal pores or slits, connective inconspicuous, wide, forming a dorsal layer of uniform and slight thickness, or thick with an emerging hump; gynoecium with oblique orientation (except Nicandra), usually bicarpellate, 3–5-carpellate in Jaborosa, Nicandra, Trianaea, and up to 30-carpellate in Nolana, ovary generally bilocular, sometimes 4-locular due to false septa, superior or sometimes partly inferior, glabrous or with trichomes or prickles; style heteromorphic or homomorphic, straight or declinate, terminal or subterminal, stigma variously shaped, usually wet and papillate (papillae rarely lacking); nectary absent, cryptic, or evident, then annular, invaginated or with 2 prominent lobes. Fruit generally a many-seeded berry or a septifragal, septicidal or septicidal-loculicidal capsule, rarely a pyxidium, drupe, diclesium or schizocarp. Seeds 1 to ca. 5000, compressed, then discoid, lenticular, reniform, irregularly ovoid or not compressed, then generally angular, cuboidal, ovoid, prismatic, polyhedric, subspherical, reniform; embryo straight to coiled, U-shaped only in Duckeodendron, cotyledons incumbent or oblique, less frequently accumbent, usually equal, slightly longer or shorter (up to 12 times shorter in the Australian endemic genera) and as wide or rarely broader than rest of embryo; endosperm rarely absent, generally copious, storing mainly oil and starch, with cellular type of endosperm formation (nuclear only in Schizanthus).
... Solanum, con 1,250-1,500 especies (Knapp, 2010a;Nee, 1999;Poczai, Taller y Szabó, 2008;Varontsova, Stern, Bohs y Knapp, 2013), es uno de los géneros con mayor riqueza de las angiospermas, con una distribución casi cosmopolita y su mayor diversidad en los Andes y Sudamérica y centros de diversidad secundaria en África (Varontsova et al., 2013) y México (Nee, 1993). Nee (1999) estima 1,250 especies para el género y considera que al menos 950 de ellas son nativas de América, de las cuales unas 150 se encuentran en México (Nee, 1993) y un tercio de estas últimas se han registrado como silvestres en el estado de Jalisco (Cuevas-Arias, Vargas y Rodríguez, 2008). ...
... Solanum es un género que aún requerirá de más investigación para contar con un inventario completo de su riqueza; lo anterior encuentra apoyo en la descripción constante y continua de nuevas especies para la ciencia, sobre todo, en los países de Sudamérica, en donde al menos 12 especies se han descrito en los últimos 4 años (Chiarini y Mentz, 2012;Knapp, 2010aKnapp, , 2010bRibeiro-Silva y Proenca, 2011;Stern y Bohs, 2010), de los cuales 5 son espinosos y 3 escandentes, incluyendo la liana inerme Solanum sousae de Oaxaca (Knapp, 2010a). En la preparación del listado florístico para Villas de Cacoma, en el municipio de Villa Purificación y colindancia con Ayutla, se recolectó un bejuco espinoso de Solanum, el cual después de tratar de determinar la especie, empleando la literatura pertinente y las descripciones recientes y no conseguirlo, se propone como nuevo. ...
... Solanum es un género que aún requerirá de más investigación para contar con un inventario completo de su riqueza; lo anterior encuentra apoyo en la descripción constante y continua de nuevas especies para la ciencia, sobre todo, en los países de Sudamérica, en donde al menos 12 especies se han descrito en los últimos 4 años (Chiarini y Mentz, 2012;Knapp, 2010aKnapp, , 2010bRibeiro-Silva y Proenca, 2011;Stern y Bohs, 2010), de los cuales 5 son espinosos y 3 escandentes, incluyendo la liana inerme Solanum sousae de Oaxaca (Knapp, 2010a). En la preparación del listado florístico para Villas de Cacoma, en el municipio de Villa Purificación y colindancia con Ayutla, se recolectó un bejuco espinoso de Solanum, el cual después de tratar de determinar la especie, empleando la literatura pertinente y las descripciones recientes y no conseguirlo, se propone como nuevo. ...
A new species of Solanum from Sierra de Cacoma, a little known and explored floristic region in Western Mexico, is described and illustrated. Solanum edmundoi should be placed in section Aculeigerum, on account of its scandent habit, recurved prickles on stems and leaves, and indument with septate simple hairs and slightly attenuated anthers. It differs from related species by the type and consistency of the leaves, the color of the flowers, stamens of equal size, short filaments and color of the fruits. A key is provided to separate it from its closest relatives.
... Evolution of dioecy in Solanum-Detailed study of the two species considered herein brings us to the point where we know a good deal about the features of the dioecious system of most of the 15 certain dioecious solanums. There are three other species published that are very likely dioecious, but require a bit more study, and there are several likely dioecious species to be identifi ed (e.g., Brennan et al., 2006 ;Knapp, 2010 ;Barrett, 2013 ;C. Martine personal communication), but what we have learned about these two additional species, one of the 'most' dioecious ( S. polygamum ) and one of the 'least' dioecious ( S. conocarpum; although S. appendiculatum qualifi es as the species with the least expression of obvious dioecious features in Solanum ), does allow speculation on the nature of dioecy in this overwhelmingly hermaphroditic-fl owered genus. ...
•
Island plants are over-exploited and "under-explored." Understanding the reproductive biology of plants, especially rare species, is fundamental to clarifying their evolution, estimating potential for change, and for creating effective conservation plans. Clarification of sexual systems like dioecy, and unusual manifestations of it in specific studies within Solanum, helps elucidate evolutionary patterns and genetic and ecological control of sex expression.•
Studies of reproductive systems of two Caribbean endemics, S. polygamum and S. conocarpum, combined multifaceted analyses of field populations and of multiple generations of greenhouse plants.•
The dioecy in both species is, like that in other solanums, largely cryptic, although the gender of S. polygamum flowers is obvious. The rare S. conocarpum is recognized as dioecious; floral gender is not obvious. Variation in sex expression facilitated experiments and promoted hypotheses on control and significance of morphological features and sex expression.•
Confirmed dioecy in at least 15 solanums is distributed across the genus, with perhaps 6 independent origins, and with crypticity in the form of morphologically hermaphroditic, but functionally unisexual, flowers characterizing all species. Dioecy is not more strongly associated with islands. Inaperturate pollen in pistillate flowers characterizes almost all, but not the two dioecious species studied herein. Dioecy in both species indicates leakiness (rare hermaphroditic flowers on male plants) that helps explain island colonization and radiation. Leakiness allowed confirmation-usually impossible for dioecious species-of self-compatibility for S. polygamum, and thus support for the hypothesis that dioecy evolved to promote outcrossing.
© 2015 Botanical Society of America, Inc.
... Because taxonomy is the portal to the entire information available about species, the need for taxonomic research to "move into the electronic age" has long been clear (Bisby et al., 2002;Godfray, 2002;Wilson, 2003;Kress, 2004;Wheeler, 2004;Scotland and Wood, 2012). Indeed, species descriptions of animals and plants are now increasingly being published online (Blagoderov et al., 2010;Knapp, 2010;Penev et al., 2010;Knapp et al., 2011). Monography, however, has not followed suit, in spite of the availability of massive online databases of literature and digitized specimens, wikis, ever cheaper digital photography and microscopy (essential to the study of herbarium specimens), and dedicated platforms for taxonomy, such as the Botanical Research and Herbarium Management Sys-tem (BRAHMS, http://herbaria.plants.ox.ac.uk/bol/) and Scratchpads (http://scratchpads.eu/). ...
The need for taxonomists to take full advantage of biodiversity informatics has been clear for at least 10 years. Significant progress has been made in providing access to taxonomic resources online, including images of specimens (especially types), original species descriptions, and georeferenced collection data. However, in spite of persuasive calls for e-monography, there are few, if any, completed project, even though monographic research is the only mechanism for reducing synonymous names, which are estimated to comprise 50% of all published names. Caricaceae is an economically important family of flowering plants from Africa and the Neotropics, best known for the fruit crop papaya. There is a large amount of information on the family, especially on chemistry, crop improvement, genomics, and the sex chromosomes of papaya, but up-to-date information on the 230 names and which species they might belong to was not available. A dynamically updated e-monograph of the Caricaceae now brings together all information on this family, including keys, species descriptions, and specimen data relating the 230 names to 34 species and one hybrid. This may be the first taxonomic monograph of a plant family completely published online. The curated information will be continuously updated to improve the monograph's comprehensiveness and utility.
... The genus Solanum (Solanaceae) constitutes ~1400 species that are widely distributed throughout the world (Olmstead et al. 2008 (Whalen 1984;Whalen and Costich 1986). There are about 15 dioecious species in four out of 13 clades within genus Solanum (Knapp et al. 1998;Martine et al. 2009;Knapp 2010). Thirteen of these species are in the subgenus Leptostemonum, and are present only in Australia (Martine et al. 2009;Barrett 2013;Brennan et al. 2006;Martine et al. 2011). ...
The flower morphology and reward availability of animal pollinated plants are intrinsically related to the foraging behaviour and preferences of their pollinators. However, it is often difficult to test how pollinator preferences may have helped to shape floral morphology because the morphology of many animal pollinated flowers is an adaptive compromise to optimise both male and female function. This may be overcome by studying the foraging decisions of pollinators in relation to flower morphology of species with unisexual flowers. The inherent difficulty of studying diclinous species is that in nearly all of these species the flowers of different sexes do not only differ in morphology, but also in reward type: male flowers offer pollen and possibly nectar, while female flowers offer nectar only. Solanum is an ideal genus to investigate evolutionary links between pollinators and flower morphology for two reasons. First, it demonstrates a large variation in sex system with hermaphrodite, andromonoecious and dioecious species. The diclinous species of Solanum have evolved sexual dimorphisms involving floral size and the number of flowers per inflorescence. This variation allows the evaluation of floral morphology in a phylogenetically informed way. Second, pollen is the only reward, and is present in apparently equal amounts in both male and hermaphrodite/female flowers. This allows the investigation of sexual floral morphology in the absence of differences in reward type and amount. The genus Solanum is further suitable for such investigations because it relies for pollination on a relatively small number of buzz-pollinating bee species. The main objective of this study was to examine how sexual dimorphisms in floral display and reward availability influence bee foraging behaviour, as this could lead to an understanding of the evolution of floral traits in association with changes in sex systems in the Australian members of Solanum subgenus Leptostemonum. To investigate this, buzz pollinating bees were tested for their responses to dimorphisms in three floral traits: corolla size, flower number and style length. Although Amegilla murrayensis had an initial preference for larger flower size, this preference quickly disappeared in the absence of differences in rewards among flowers. Clusters of flowers were more attractive than solitary flowers, even when the clustered flowers were smaller in size. In another experiment, Amegilla chlorocyanea showed no differences in the number of buzzes and time spent on each buzz between two floral morphs of andromonoecious Solanum elaeagnifolium that differed in their style length. Furthermore, foraging decisions by individual bees were analysed in relation to variation in pollen availability. Amegilla chlorocyanea showed no difference in the total number of times they buzzed pollen-full and pollen-empty flowers before they left the patch. However significant differences observed between first and second visits to flowers indicated that bees could perceive recent visitation by a bee and adjust their visitation behaviour. Since an overall lack of support was found for the evolution of floral sexual dimorphism as a direct response to bee foraging preferences, a phylogenetic analysis was performed to investigate other possible explanatory models for the evolution of floral dimorphism in the diclinous species of Solanum. First, molecular phylogeny was inferred based on three gene region sequences of 71 Australian members of Solanum subgenus Leptostemonum. The analysis showed that the evolution of andromonoecy from hermaphroditism is most likely preceded by the evolution of large fruit, and thus the selection for large fruit size is the main driving force for the evolution and maintenance of andromonoecy in this group.
... Discovery on such a grand scale is no longer a reality, but detailed focus on groups of plants reveals that a great deal of diversity remains to be uncovered. Fieldwork associated with the PBI (Planetary Biodiversity Inventory) Solanum project has resulted in the collection or description of nearly 50 new species of Solanum L. to date (recent examples include Tepe and Bohs 2009, Stern and Bohs 2009, 2010, Farruggia and Bohs 2010, Farruggia et al. 2010, Knapp 2010a, b, Vorontsova and Mbago 2010, Vorontsova et al. 2010), including the new species of Solanum sect. Anarrhichomenum Bitter from southern Ecuador and northern Peru described here. ...
We describe Solanum baretiaesp. nov., a new species of Solanum section Anarrhichomenum, named in honor of Jeanne Baret, who sailed as the assistant to botanist Philibert Commerson on Louis Antoine de Bougainville's global circumnavigation (1766-1769). The species is similar to Solanum chimborazense, but differs in having larger flowers, more flowers per inflorescence, and different patterns of pubescence on the filaments (pubescent adaxially and glabrous abaxially) and style (papillose to sparsely pubescent). A description, illustration, photos, and comparisons to similar species are included. Also included is a preliminary conservation assessment, along with a brief account of the important role played by Baret during the expedition. The new species appears to be restricted to the Amotape-Huancabamba zone, an area of southern Ecuador and northern Peru known for its exceptional biodiversity.
