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Smears of a case of chondromyxoid fibroma of mandible with invasion of right parotid gland showing many osteoclast-type MNGCs and stellate to spindled cells (Papanicolaou stain, × 400).
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To report on multinucleated giant cells (MNGCs) in salivary fine needle aspiration (FNA).
The cytologic reports of salivary gland region FNA during a 10-year period was searched using the keyword giant cell in the final diagnosis or microscopic description. Cases with foreign body-type giant cells secondary to previous biopsy or FNA were excluded....
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Context 1
... case of chondromyxoid fibroma (CF) of the mandible with invasion of the right parotid gland (case 20) showed many osteoclast-type MNGCs besides myx- oid stroma, stellate, spindle (Figure 8) and malignant- appearing single and clusters of epithelioid cells. After an imaging study and excisional biopsy, the diagnosis of CF was made. 11 There was a case of osteosarcoma of the mandible, with invasion of the parotid, that con- tained many osteoclastic-type MNGCs (case ...
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Introduction: Foreign materials typically produce a reaction by multinucleated giant cells. Foreign bodies (such as vegetable cells in food material) in the omentum have not been reported to produce an omental mass. Vegetable cells surrounded by foreign body giant cells called vegetable granuloma/pulse granuloma by the previous literature are a pec...
Citations
... Out of 16 cases, The list of differential diagnosis for giant cell rich lesions in salivary glands on cytopathology and histopathology is exhaustive and includes infectious and inflammatory lesions and benign and malignant neoplasms. [5][6][7][8][9][10] Lesions such as granulomatous diseases, epidermal inclusion cyst, tendinous xanthomas, or foreign body giant cell reaction need to be excluded. No granulomas, caseous necrosis, anucleate squames, mature squamous epithelial cells, xanthoma cells, or markedly increased inflammatory cells were seen. ...
Extraosseous giant cell tumors have been described in organs like larynx, thyroid, pancreas, heart, skin, lung, colon, kidney, and soft tissues (Wu et al., Oncol Lett 2013;6:829-832). Osteoclast-like giant cell tumor of the parotid gland has been reported only rarely with the first description of primary giant cell tumour of the parotid gland (GCTPs) given in 1984 by Eusebi et al. (Am J Clin Pathol. 1984;81:666-675). However, FNAC of osteoclast-like giant cell tumor of the parotid gland has not been well described, and only one case has been reported till date (Torabinezad et al., Acta Cytol. 2006;50:80-83). Two presentations have been observed in the form of either an isolated giant cell tumor (Eusebi et al., Am J Clin Pathol. 1984;81:666-675) or tumor associated with a carcinomatous component (Yang et al., Korean J Pathol 2012;46:297-301; Pasricha et al., J Can Res Ther 2013;9:314-316). GCTPs are uncommon benign soft tissue tumors with a malignant potential. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
... Immunocytochemical staining with the anti-L. infantum mAb (D2) was conducted on the Wright–Papanicolaoustained smears according to standard methods (Daneshbod et al. 2008). Antigen retrieval was conducted by pretreatment with Tris/EDTA 10:1 mmol/l, pH 9.0, in a microwave oven. ...
Mucosal leishmaniasis is a well-known clinical manifestation of infections mainly caused by New World Leishmania species, especially Leishmania braziliensis (Viannia) in Central and South America. It is extremely uncommon in the world, even in the endemic areas such as Fars Province, Southern Iran. Two male immunocompetent subjects who developed Leishmania mucosal lesion mimicking a laryngeal tumor presented with a several-months history of dysphonia, dyspnea, hoarseness, and odynophagia. Multiple smears from the lesions showed structures resembling the amastigote form of Leishmania. Nested PCR analysis to amplifying a fragment of Leishmania infantum kinetoplastid DNA from the Giemsa-stained smear resulted in a fragment of 680 bp. Sequence analysis of one of the strains showed 98 % similarity to L. infantum strain IranJWinf (GenBank accession no. AB678348.1) and 96 % similarity to L. infantum isolate MCAN/ES/98/10445 (GenBank accession no. EU437407.1), while another strain showed 97 % similarity with two L. infantum strains from kala-azar patient (GenBank accession nos. AJ223725.1 and AF027577.1). Immunocytochemical staining with anti-L. infantum mAb (D2) was positive. Primary mucosal leishmaniasis (ML) may occur in the immunocompetent patients who reside in or travel to endemic areas of leishmaniasis. Mucosal leishmaniasis contracted in endemic areas, such as Iran, has to be considered in the differential diagnosis of lesions in the other mucosa and may occur in previously healthy persons. Therefore, cytology, PCR, and immunocytochemistry-based methods with anti-Leishmania mAb are helpful in the diagnosis of ML.
... The most unusual cytological finding in this dog was the presence of foreign-body giant cells in the smear without a concomitant bacterial agent or neoplastic features. This finding has been reported in human medicine, with a 2.5% incidence in salivary fine-needle aspirates (10). To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of this finding in veterinary medicine. ...
A 4-month-old dog was presented with a progressive swelling of the submandibular area. The history, course, cytological, and sialographic findings were consistent with an aseptic pyogranulomatous sialadenitis with concurrent duct blockage. This rare entity, responsive to medical treatment, appears to be similar to the granulomatous giant cell sialadenitis of humans.
Primary parotid tuberculosis is a well-known but extremely rare entity even in endemic countries. Most of the cases are diagnosed late in the course of illness when the parotid shows features of cold abscess leading to facial disfigurement. Early diagnosis is a clinical challenge due to lack of clinical suspicion as well as absence of clinical or radiological tests suggestive of the disease. Fine needle aspiration cytology features of early tuberculosis can easily be confused with a pleomorphic adenoma. When ultrasound examination of a parotid lesion is atypical, image guided core needle biopsy can be helpful in differentiating these kinds of rare diseases from more common parotid pathologies.
Polyploid giant cancer cells (PGCC) constitute a dangerous subpopulation of cancer cells and are a driving force in cancer recurrence. These unique cells arise from diploid tumor cells in response to stress encountered in the tumor microenvironment or during cancer therapy. PGCC are greatly dedifferentiated, acquire pluripotency, and are able to replicate through a form of asymmetric division called neosis, which results in new populations that are themselves able to differentiate into new cell types or to re-establish tumors. Progeny tend to be more genetically unstable than the founding population due to the dysregulation required to transition through a PGCC state. Therefore, cancers that escape stressors through this mechanism tend to re-emerge with a more aggressive phenotype that is therapy resistant. This review focuses on the clinical significance of PGCC, the need for standardized nomenclature and molecular markers, as well as possible avenues to develop therapies aimed at PGCC and the process of neosis. The biology underlying the development of PGCC including cell cycle checkpoint dysregulation, stress responses, dedifferentiation, stemness and epithelial-mesenchymal transition is discussed.
Tenosynovial giant cell tumors (TGCT) are rare benign soft tissue tumors affecting mostly young adults. The most common affected sites include the knee, ankle, elbow, shoulder, and fingers. The temporomandibular joint is occasionally affected. Herein, we report a case of a 31-year-old Caucasian male who presented clinically with a parotid gland mass. The initial clinical and radiological work-up failed to reveal any involvement of the adjacent temporomandibular joint. Fine-needle aspiration revealed a cellular tumor composed of mononuclear and multinucleated giant cells with fibrosis and hemosiderin deposition. This was subsequently found to be a TGCT arising from the temporomandibular joint. Giant cell-rich lesions are uncommon in salivary glands. Herein, we describe the cytomorphology and clinico-radiographic features of this tumor with emphasis on the differential diagnosis of giant cell-rich lesions presenting in salivary glands. Despite its rare occurrence, this entity should be considered when giant cells are prominent in specimens acquired from this location.
Mixed infections with different Leishmania species could explain differences in the clinical courses of these infections. On identification of Leishmania parasites from Iranian patients with mucosal leishmaniasis (ML), a patient with both oral and nasal lesions was found to
be concomitantly infected with Leishmania tropica and L. major. Mixed infection was identified by PCR amplification of Leishmania kinetoplast DNA on scraping of cytological smears and histopathological sections. L. major and L. tropica were isolated from the nasal and oral lesions, respectively. These species were also confirmed by immunohistochemistry. This
seems to be the first reported case of concurrent ML infection with two Leishmania species. It indicates that, at least in this patient, previous infection with one of these Leishmania species did not protect against infection with the other. This result has important implications for the development of vaccines
against leishmaniases and implies careful attention in the treatment of this infectious disease.
Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors (SLCTs), also known as arrhenoblastomas, are tumors of the sex cord-stromal group of ovary and testis cancers. They comprise <1% of all ovarian tumors. They are divided into 6 categories based on the degree of differentiation and the presence of heterologous elements. However, <15% of these tumors are poorly differentiated.
A 23-year-old unmarried female presented with an 8-month history of irregular menstrual cycle and abdominal pain. There were no clinical features suggesting virilization. The left salpingo-oophorectomy specimen revealed an oval ovarian mass of 11 × 7 × 4 cm in dimension. Grossly, the cut surface of the mass was yellowish white in color and solid in consistency and touch preparation was made. By applying cytology and immunocytochemistry techniques, a preliminary diagnosis suggestive of poorly differentiated SLCT was made. The tumor was confirmed as a poorly differentiated SLCT.
Cytology and immunocytochemistry by WT-1, melan A, vimentin and calretinin are helpful in the diagnosis of poorly differentiated SLCTs.
