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A novel method for groundwater lowering, which can be applied at construction sites, for aquifer remediation measures or in open mining, is proposed. In contrast to conventional techniques, dewatering is achieved without water conveyance. In this paper the physical concept of the new technology, referred as single borehole pump & inject, is modeled...
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... is extracted not only for water supply, but also for the land use demand. Large scale groundwater extraction is widely used in dewatering business especially at underground mining, urban construction and flood control sites. The conventional approach to dewatering is to pump water out to the surface from one or more pumping wells to decrease the groundwater table in the vicinity of the pumping wells (Cashman 2002, Powers 2007). The pumped water is normally re-injected into the ground at a distant location or discharged directly into a nearby surface water body. The high pumping rate in boreholes and inadequate groundwater recharge are the principle reasons for environmental problems, e.g. land subsidence, groundwater and/or surface water contamination. Düsensauginfiltration (DSI), literally translated as ‘Nozzel-Suction-Infiltration’, is an alternative dewatering method introduced by W. Wils (2010). Unlike the state-of-the-art installations, water is not withdrawn above the ground but injected back into the deeper part of the aquifer. Hence, groundwater lowering is achieved and the water contamination is prevented by avoiding unnecessary groundwater extraction. The challenge of modeling such systems is to define the complicated physical boundary conditions in fluid dynamics and to provide insight into the system’s behaviour. Using COMSOL Multiphysics we have constructed 2D and 3D steady-state models which couple the groundwater flow with the moving boundary and moving mesh mode, as the model region is identical with the saturated part of the aquifer that changes due to drawdown. We also analyzed the parameter sensitivity through a simplified approach for steady-state in a 2D vertical-cross-section. Ongoing field experiments accompany the model work. These are performed at Plötzin in Brandenburg and Korschenbroich in North Rhine-Westphalia in Germany within the framework of DSI-project funded by Deutsche Bundesstifung Umwelt (DBU). The concept of DSI method is visualized in the sketch in Figure 1. Groundwater is pumped at the upper part (light green color region) of the borehole. Similar to classic pumping, hydraulic pressure around the pumping region declines and consequently creates drawdown at the borehole and its surrounding. The pumped water is injected at the same rate deeper in the borehole (light orange color region). Near the injection position the pore water pressure rises forming a hydraulic barrier for the flowing groundwater. The increased pressure is more effective in horizontal directions rather than upwards to the drawdown region. This will be shown by numerical models described herein. In addition some packers are used to separate the pumping and infiltration part of the borehole. A stagnation location appears at the borehole, where packers are installed. The location of the stagnation location may also be affected by disturbed conditions in the direct vicinity of the borehole due to drilling, i.e. the skin zone. In the model we solve the groundwater flow equations, which are derived from empirical Darcy’s law and the principle of fluid mass ...
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Citations
... A 0-D model was developed using the COMSOL ® Multiphysics platform, a finite element modeling program designed to solve a vast array of partial differential equations (PDEs), which has emerged as an innovative and succesfull approach to groundwater modeling (Li et al., 2009;Jin et al., 2011;Jin and Kirk, 2016;Liu and Liu, 2017;Sainz-Garcia et al., 2017). ...
H2 produced from renewable energies will play a central role in both greenhouse gas reduction and decarbonization by 2050. Nonetheless, to improve H2 diffusion and utilization as a fuel, large storage capacity systems are needed. Underground storage of natural gas in depleted reservoirs, aquifers and salt caverns is a well-established technology. However, new challenges arise when it comes to storing hydrogen due to the occurrence and activity of indigenous microbial populations in deep geological formations. In a previous study, four Italian natural gas reservoirs were characterized both from a hydro-chemical and microbiological point of view, and predictive functional analyses were carried out with the perspective of underground hydrogen storage (UHS). In the present work, formation waters from the same reservoirs were used as inoculant during batch cultivation tests to characterize microbial activity and its effects on different gas mixtures. Results evidence a predominant acidogenic/acetogenic activity, whilst methanogenic and sulfate reducing activity were only marginal for all tested inoculants. Furthermore, the microbial activation of tested samples is strongly influenced by nutrient availability. Obtained results were fitted and screened in a computational model which would allow deep insights in the study of microbial activity in the context of UHS.
... The software package supports nearly all platforms (e.g. Windows, Mac, Linux, Unix) and its Earth Science Module can handle time-dependent and stationary problems for 1-D, 2-D, and 3-D systems, covering three main categories including fluid flow, heat transfer and solute transport (Jin, Holzbecher, & Ebneth, 2012;Jin, Holzbecher, & Oberdorfer, 2011;Li et al., 2009). Some previous research demonstrated that the groundwater flow has been simulated successfully using COMSOL Multiphysics software with available depth to water table data and the aquifer parameters through a comparison of observation data and simulation results (Dinesh, Kartha, & Dutta, 2014;Hand, 2012;Jin et al., 2012;Kitanidis, 2008; Whitmore, Trott, Peercy, Baker, & Gobbert, 2011). ...
As one of the six largest river basins in Shanxi Province, China, Linfen basin has been in severe groundwater level declining status caused by over-extraction of groundwater since 1976, along with dense distribution of land subsidence and ground fissures. Future Groundwater drawdown analysis due to over-extraction is a major concern for not only water resource management, but also preventive and controlling measures of land subsidence and ground fissures. Consequently, in this paper groundwater extraction dynamic process for the confined aquifer at Linfen basin was simulated based on COMSOL Multiphysics. Then future groundwater extraction scenarios, namely, groundwater drawdown values within a period of consecutive 20 years and their consequent impacts on confined aquifer discharge amount to the Yellow River were predicted. The results demonstrated that the groundwater drawdown value and lateral discharge to the Yellow River would reach 7.07 m/a and 0.56 × 10⁸ m³/a respectively in 10 years, while these two numbers drop to 3.44 m/a and 0.25 × 10⁸ m³/a in 20 years. In order to provide valuable information for local government and policy makers, the paper would finally quantify a sustainable groundwater extraction value—20% of current groundwater extraction amount.
... Aside from these inaccuracies, the classical approach does not suffice to describe several application problems. For example, the situation of pumping and injecting in a single borehole (Jin et al, 2011) at different depths cannot be treated with the classical method, if the aquifer is not separated by impermeable layers. ...
... Aside from these inaccuracies, the classical approach does not suffice to describe several application problems. For example, the situation of pumping and injecting in a single borehole (Jin et al, 2011) at different depths cannot be treated with the classical method, if the aquifer is not separated by impermeable layers. ...
... Unlike in conventional installations, water is not withdrawn from the subsurface [4] but injected (back) into the porous medium in the lower part of the borehole. The concept of this method is referred as 'single borehole pump & inject' (Figure 1) and described in detail in [1], [3] and [5]. Currently, the DSI method has been practically applied in Germany and the Netherlands. ...
