Figure - available from: International Journal of Antennas and Propagation
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Simulations and measurements of the crossed-dipole antenna loaded with parasitic patches: (a) |S11| and (b) AR and broadside-gain values.
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This paper presents low-profile broadband antennas, which are composed of four parasitic patches placed between planar radiators and a perfect electric conductor ground plane. Two types of planar radiators, a conventional dipole and a crossed dipole, are employed to produce linearly polarized (LP) and circularly polarized (CP) radiations, respectiv...
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Citations
... A lowprofile antenna, when incorporated with parasitic patches, along with radiators, was seen to improve its bandwidth and decrease the resonant frequency. 26 An H-shaped slot antenna with infinite ground was found to be enhancing the antenna performance to a good extent. 27 Wide, fractal-shaped slots were also studied to enhance the bandwidth. ...
The Internet of Things (IoT) is the future technology, whose glimpses are already visible in various fields today. IoT promises a connection of about 50 billion devices in the near future to enhance data sharing and analysis between many otherwise independent modules. Smart sensors, smart antennas, and intelligent processors form the backbone of IoT technology. IoT is about remote detection and control of devices which is dependent on the efficient communication system provided. This paper studies the IoT technology, along with its supportive systems, giving an emphasis to the communication module, enabled using microstrip patch antennas. The study takes a walk through the different improvement techniques implemented in patch antennas as DGS, MIMO, and arrays and further pins down the research gaps and objectives that can be taken up in this field with respect to the effective implementation of IoT services. Recent advances in the antenna systems employed in IoT environment are discussed, and the antennas employed in IoT devices and applications are reviewed in detail. Recently evolving technologies like LoRa and NB-IoT and the ESP8266 module which is widely used in IoT applications are addressed. A good insight is given into the challenges faced in this field along with some recent case studies.
... (h) Parasitic Patches -This technique is suitable for aircraft applications. But the reported works are using larger area compared to the proposed work [14]. ...
This paper explains the novel conformal antenna design that achieves better Bandwidth (0.53 GHz) and Gain (9 dB) with slim and flexible substrate suitable for aircraft fuselage mounting. The achieved Bandwidth of 10.2% around the operating frequency of 5.2 GHz helps in improving the cross-range resolution of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR). The obtained gain increases the cross-range coverage and reduces the aerodynamic drag. The parametric study of the structure is presented along with the explanation to provide the physical insight of each parameter with the help of transmission line model and surface current analysis. Already available prominent design techniques, to improve the bandwidth, are also discussed along with its limitations to use it in aircraft applications. The RT Duroid 5880 is selected for its low loss, high gain and conformability nature.
... However, it usually suffers from narrow impedance bandwidth or unstable radiation patterns within the operating bandwidth. Although various techniques have been successfully developed to enhance bandwidth, including the use of stacked patches, coupling slots, or shorting vias [3][4][5], the radiation characteristics of the antenna vary significantly within the operating bandwidth. A wideband unidirectional antenna, which is commonly known as magneto-electric (ME) dipole antenna, was proposed in [6]. ...
In this paper, a compact, wideband, and high-efficiency substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) feeding cavity-backed aperture-coupled magneto-electric (ME) dipole antenna element and its array are proposed. Firstly, an SIW cavity-backed and a modified bowtie dipole are designed for the antenna element which makes it possess a high gain and wide impedance bandwidth. The antenna element covers an impedance bandwidth of 66.3% from 10.7 to 21.3 GHz with a peak gain of 10.3 dBi. Secondly, a 4 × 4 array is designed using the proposed antenna element. And a full-corporate substrate integrated waveguide feeding network is introduced to excite the array elements for the antenna application with wide bandwidth and high efficiency. For validation, a prototype of 4 × 4 array is fabricated by standard printed circuit board (PCB) facilities and further measured. The measured −10 dB impedance bandwidth of the proposed 4 × 4 antenna array is 30% (12.75–17.25 GHz) with its gain being 18.2–20.9 dBi within the entire band. The measured maximum aperture efficiency of the antenna array is 94% at 14.92 GHz. Notably, the measured results agree well with simulations, and it shows great advantages over other similar antennas on efficiency and bandwidth.
... Modifying the form or structure of the radiating slot is another way to expand the bandwidth. is process mainly includes adding shorting vias, loading parasitic patches, or increasing coupling slots [9][10][11][12][13]. In [9], with the shorting vias loading, the lowest mode in the substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity is shifted upward and coupled with two higher order modes. ...
... Good unidirectional radiation characteristics and a stable radiation pattern are obtained within the entire band. Above all, in comparison with the similar previously proposed antennas [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20], the impedance bandwidth is visibly wider. ...
... Observations of Table 1 show that the proposed antenna has a wider impedance bandwidth compared to the reported antennas. Moreover, the proposed antenna has a higher gain compared to the reference antennas in [5,[12][13][14]. e gain of the cavitybacked slot antenna array in [15] is higher than the gain of the proposed antenna, but the cavity-backed slot antenna is heavy and costly and has a complicated fabrication process. ...
In this paper, a wideband slot antenna element and its array with stereoscopic differentially fed structures are proposed for the radar system. Firstly, a series of slots and a stereoscopic differentially fed structure are designed for the antenna element, which makes it possess a wide bandwidth, stable radiation characteristics, and rather high gain. Moreover, the stereoscopic feeding structure can firmly support the antenna’s radiation structure and reduce the influence of feeding connectors on radiating performance. Secondly, a 4 × 4 array is designed using the proposed antenna element. And a hierarchical feeding network is designed for the array on the basis of the stereoscopic differentially fed structure. For validation, the antenna element and 4 × 4 array are both fabricated and measured: (1) the measured −10 dB impedance bandwidth of the antenna element is 62% (6.8–12.9 GHz) and the gain within the entire band is 5–9.7 dBi and (2) the measured −10 dB impedance bandwidth of the array is approximately 50% (7 to 12 GHz) with its gain being 14–19.75 dBi within the entire band. Notably, measured results agree well with simulations and show great advantages over other similar antennas on bandwidth and gain.
... As the bandwidth for the monopolar patch is enhanced, the bandwidth of the dipole should also be increased to a compatible bandwidth. In [19], parasitic patches were used to enhance the bandwidth to 14% by exciting the slot between the patches [24]. In the current design, since the target is to reach 25% bandwidth, using parasitic patches is not sufficient. ...
In this paper, a low-profile tripolarized antenna with wideband operation is presented. It includes a monopolar patch element for vertically linear polarization (LP) omnidirectional radiation in the horizontal plane and two orthogonal dipoles for x-and y-direction LP broadside radiations. In order to achieve the wideband, nevertheless keeping the low-profile, the monopolar patch antenna is coupled with an annular ring, while the two orthogonal dipoles are incorporated with a metasurface. An optimized design with a profile of 0.09λmin (λmin is the free space wavelength referring to the lowest operational frequency) has been fabricated and measured. The measurements result in an overlapped bandwidth of 24.45%(2.19–2.80 GHz) for reflection coefficient < –10 dB and coupling coefficients of < –30 dB among the three ports. In addition, the antenna yields measured peak gains of 8.4 dBi and 9.5 dBi in monopolar mode and two broadside modes, respectively.
... Nevertheless, these antenna structures can be generalized as having limited impedance bandwidth capabilities. Most recently, another significant performance improvement was attained at a low profile by inserting a circular parasitic patch, which was divided into four equal segments by two orthogonal slots, between a planar dipole element and the ground plane [22]. The parasitic patches were inserted to achieve profile miniaturization and bandwidth enhancement. ...
... Ant. 1 is a single dipole antenna without parasitic patches. Ant. 2 is a single dipole antenna with parasitic patches as presented in [22]. Ant. 3 is a single dipole with the corner-cut parasitic patches. ...
In this paper, the design of a wideband high-gain low-profile linearly polarized antenna is presented. The design objectives were achieved by encircling a folded strip around a planar radiating element on the top substrate with corner-cut parasitic patches on the bottom substrate placed above the ground plane. A half-wavelength printed dipole utilized as a radiating element was employed to generate linearly polarized radiation. The contributions of the folded strips and parasitic patches are significant factors in enhancing the bandwidth by producing extra resonance and phase compensation. Experiments and full-wave electromagnetic simulations have provided a platform for the analysis, validation, and verification of the antenna design. The antenna structure has overall dimensions of 120 mm × 120 mm × 16.3 mm (0.69λo × 0.69λo × 0.094λo at 1.74 GHz), and it demonstrated satisfactory measured performance characteristics with a .10 dB impedance bandwidth of 1.39.2.09 GHz (40.22%), a broadside gain of 6.1. 8.2 dBi, and a radiation efficiency >88% within the impedance bandwidth.
... The antenna has been designed and optimized in Ansys HFSS. Instead of showing parametric studies which can be carried out as similarly as in [15] and [34], we focus on the design features requiring modification for this design and the couplings between the monopolar patch and the orthogonal dipoles. The final optimized parameters are shown in Table I. ...
... As an illustration in Fig. 2(c), when the x-oriented dipole is fed, the vertical slot also radiates with the same polarization. This technique helps lowering the resonance frequency of the structure while not changing the polarization [34]. Fig. 4 confirms that without the parasitic patches, impedance matching is not satisfactory at the resonance frequency. ...
... Therefore, researchers are in a verge to develop a better design for an antenna/ array having wide bandwidth with smaller dimension. Several techniques including the use of thick substrates [2], the addition of parasitic patches [3], etc. are employed for improving the bandwidth of micro-strip antennas. Nevertheless, these methods are not adequate for the wireless communication system due to their system complexity, and they adversely affect the gain of the antenna. ...
... The low-frequency mode of E g symmetry at 294 cm À1 is assigned to F g (1). The peaks bands at 385 cm À1 [A g (5)], 447 cm À1 [A g (1)], 510 cm À1 [A g (2)] and 575 cm À1 [F g (3)] are assigned to the CCTO phase formation. The scattering modes of F g (1), A g (1), and A g (2) symmetry are associated with TiO 6 rotation-like vibrations, while F g (3) mode is related to the OeTieO anti-stretching vibrations of CaCu 3 Ti 4 O 12 [35]. ...
This paper deals with the performance evaluation of dielectric resonator on patch (DRoP) antenna using high dielectric CaCu3Ti4O12 nanoparticles (CCTO Nps) synthesized by low-temperature solution combustion method. X-ray diffraction pattern reveals that the optimum calcination temperature required for the formation of single phase CCTO Nps is 900 °C. Near-spherical morphology of CCTO Nps with nano size (∼100 nm) has been visualized using field emission scanning electron microscopic images. High-resolution transmission electron microscopic and selected area electron diffraction data reveal the cubic crystal system of CCTO Nps with preferential orientation of (220) plane. The low-frequency dielectric behaviors of CCTO Nps exhibit excellent properties like high dielectric constant (εr = 447) and low dielectric loss (tanδ = 0.42) at 30 °C. DRoP antenna fabricated using high dielectric CCTO Nps exhibits promising results such as wide bandwidth (540 MHz), good return loss (−21.23 dB) at 2.45 GHz and smaller in sizes (10.17 mm²), which is required for modern-day wireless communication systems.
