Table 2 - uploaded by Zabdiel Brito-Brito
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Simulated and measured results
Source publication
A reconfigurable bandpass filter able to switch between WiFi and UMTS reception standards is presented. The topology allows achievement of two accurate centre frequencies, each associated with a precisely defined bandwidth, using six pin diodes. The design carefully takes into account the external quality factor for both filter states to ensure a g...
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Citations
... The center frequency of the bandpass filter can be changed in the result of altering the valid electronic length of the resonator under the effect of tuning components. [13][14][15][16] Apart from center bandwidth control of the bandpass filter also need to be considered. The reconfigurability of BW is achieved through the variation of the coupling strength of resonators or controlling the locations of the transmission zeroes. ...
... To verify the correctness of the zero relations [11][12][13][14][15][16] , a simulation of the ideal circuit with randomly selected F IGUR E 2 Transmission zeroes of the proposed tunable filter: A, simulated results of the ideal circuit model; B, function curves of F 1 (x), F 2 (x). (Z ee 5 70 X, Z oo 5 40 X, Z 1 5 40 X, Z 2 5 15 X, u 1 5 458@1GHz, u 2 5 908@1GHz, u 3 5 408@1GHz, C v1 5 1 pF, C v2 5 8.5 pF, C v3 5 6.3pF) FI GU RE 3 Simulated results of the reconfigurable bandwidth BPF. ...
... Moreover, as shown in Table 1, compared with some former reconfigurable works, [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] the proposed work has more transmission zeros near the passband, and the two transmission zeros near the passband can be separately tuned. The side rejection for the proposed reconfigurable filter is over 40 dB, which has better passband selectivity and harmonic suppression. ...
In this article, a novel reconfigurable bandpass filter with tunable passband edge and bandwidth is proposed. The bandpass filter enables the two band edges independently adjustable to meet the needs of different systems. The wide tuning range of the bandwidth is achieved by controlling the tuning mechanism to altering not only the coupling strength of the coupled lines but also the transmission zeroes positions of the resonator. The lower passband edge can shifts from 760 to 840 MHz with the upper passband edge keeping still and the upper edge of the passbands from 981 to 1107 MHz with the lower edge keeping still. The overall tuning range of 3 dB fractional bandwidth is from 15.5% to 36%. The upper stopband attenuation of the fabricated structure can reach to 40 dB within a wide frequency range.
... Apart from the single-band designs mentioned above [12]- [15], multiband filtering switches have also been studied. In [16], [17], dual-band filtering switches are realized by using PIN diodes to alter the effective length of the resonators. However, they work at only one operating band at a time and also the PIN diodes introduce additional loss. ...
This paper presents a novel method for designing single- and dual-band filtering switches based on coupling control. Firstly, the ON- and OFF-state coupling matrices are analyzed to achieve bandpass responses and high isolation, respectively. Then, they are used to guide the low temperature co-fired ceramic circuit realization. The ON- and OFF-states are enabled by controlling the PIN diodes in the filter feeding structures. In the ON-state, the circuit is equivalent to a bandpass filter without signals passing through the PIN diodes, which avoids additional loss introduced by the PIN diodes. For the OFF-state isolation, it is realized by controlling the coupling of the filtering circuit, which is different from that of conventional switches by turning off transistors or diodes to obtain isolation. Thus, isolation is considerably enhanced. For demonstration, a single-band filtering switch is implemented with a compact size of 0.050 λg × 0.048 λg × 0.023 λg. Furthermore, a dual-band one of the same dimension is realized with controllable passband frequencies and bandwidths in the ON-state as well as high isolation in OFF-state. The presented filtering switches feature compact size, low ON-state insertion loss, high OFF-state isolation and high reliability, which are suitable for industrial applications.
... Here again bandwidth control was not considered in the design procedure. The reconfigurable filter for WiFi and UMTS receive standards in [8] was implemented to adjust the response at the receive standards and uses significantly more switching elements compared to the filter discussed in this paper. ...
In this study, two reconfigurable bandpass filters are presented. The first filter is able to switch between WiFi and universal mobile telecommunications (UMTS) transmit band standards. Centre frequency, bandwidth and power specifications are precisely met by a switchable filter topology that includes two folded resonator extensions switched by only two PIN diodes. Design specifications require two filter states, one at 2.440 GHz with a 80 MHz bandwidth and a second state at 1.955 GHz with a 140 MHz bandwidth for the WiFi and UMTS transmit bands, respectively. The filter should handle a maximum power of 16 and 21 dBm for the WiFi and UMTS states, respectively. Measured results show very good agreement with the simulations. The filter topology meets power requirements of both standards. The second filter was designed using ohmic-contact cantilever-type MEMS able to switch between two different states with a centre frequency tunable range of 24% in C band. This design includes two additional switches to provide precise input and output couplings for each state. The filter was designed to have centre frequencies of 5 and 6.2 GHz, with a fractional bandwidth of 7 and 3%, respectively. Filter specifications were successfully met with the proposed topologies.
Miniaturized dual-band filtering switches are proposed in this article using multimode dielectric resonators (DRs). The planar printed circuit boards (PCBs) are utilized not only to construct the hybrid electromagnetic boundary for quad-mode DR, but also to offer the switchable multimode feeding structures with the p-i-n diodes. When the diodes are reversely biased, all the four modes are excited simultaneously by the mixed electric and magnetic couplings and controlled flexibly to construct the dual-band response. In this manner, extra losses from diodes are avoided, and low-loss transmission is realized. When the diodes are forward biased, all the four modes are shut off at the same time. Owing to the used mixed electric and magnetic couplings, the isolation is enhanced further by the cancellation of the electric and magnetic couplings between the feeding line and the resonant modes. For demonstration, both dual-mode and quad-mode filtering switches with dual-band operations are fabricated and tested. With only one quad-mode DR, high performance, including low-loss dual-band transmission and high-level isolation, is observed in the measurement, making the proposed switches promising in high-standard multiband time division duplex (TDD) systems.
A new class of switchable bandpass filter using PIN diodes is presented in this paper. The design aims at achieving a multistate switchable bandpass filtering characteristics between the passbands centered at 2.4, 3.5, and 5.2 GHz. The proposed filter is designed by assembling two λg /2 open-ended and four short-ended λg /4 uniform impedance resonators. The open-ended resonator generates a fixed passband at 3.5 GHz, whereas the short-ended resonators loaded with PIN diodes are independently controlling the ON and OFF characteristics of the passband centered at 2.4 and 5.2 GHz. The transmission zeros around each passband are produced without employing any additional circuit. The filter sample is fabricated and tested for experimental verification. A good agreement has been observed between EM-simulated and measured results. The designed filter has a compact size of 0.20 λg × 0.15 λg at 2.4 GHz.
