Figure 3 - uploaded by Stephan Velsko
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Simplified schematic transmission network segment for B. anthracis. Dashed arrows represent migration or transportation of animals to new locations.
Source publication
This report addresses the recent Department of Homeland Security (DHS) call for a Phase I study to (1) assess gaps in the forensically relevant knowledge about the population genetics of eight bacterial agents of concern, (2) formulate a technical roadmap to address those gaps, and (3) identify new bioinformatics tools that would be necessary to an...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... B. anthracis transmission network consists of the global chain of infected animals and soil areas that grew historically and geographically 27,28 . Figure 3 displays a schematic representation of a segment of this network, with cattle or other animals becoming infected from soil-borne spores, and occasionally migrating (or being transported) to a new location where they die, re-inoculating a new patch of soil. It has been suggested that healthy animals can be infected but not become clinically ill until some stress triggers acute disease, thereby permitting the transport of the animal and disease over long distances. ...
Context 2
... contrast, standard CE analysis of PCR amplicons can be done at rates faster than 10 minutes per sample, and new technologies such as the TIGER electrospray mass spectrometer based system can analyze close to one sample per minute 17 . Figure 3. Time required to complete a mutation rate experiment that can determine a mutation rate of a given value (y axis) with a precision of 20%, for a bacterium with a given generation time (x axis). ...
Context 3
... blue band indicates the range of mutation rates that have been reported previously for VNTR and IS element mutations. Figure 3 shows the time that would be needed to complete a time-optimized experiment that can determine a mutation rate with a reasonable precision (20%) assuming that the per-sample analysis time is 8 minutes. Note that for bacteria with generation times up to several hours, less than 100 days (≈ 3 months) are required to determine precise rate constants of 10 -5 per generation or greater, and considerably less than 1000 days (2.7 years) are required to determine such rates in slowly growing bacterium like M. tuberculosis. ...
Context 4
... number of lineages required for time-optimized determination of precise mutation rates is shown in Figure 4. Under assumptions identical to those used in Figure 3, experimental designs with between 10 3 and 10 4 lineages are needed to obtain precise values of VNTR and IS element mutation rates. Note also the consistency between Figures 3 and 4, since 10 4 samples would require a total analysis time of approximately 55 days, or a total experiment time of 110 days. ...
Context 5
... assumptions identical to those used in Figure 3, experimental designs with between 10 3 and 10 4 lineages are needed to obtain precise values of VNTR and IS element mutation rates. Note also the consistency between Figures 3 and 4, since 10 4 samples would require a total analysis time of approximately 55 days, or a total experiment time of 110 days. This analysis shows that a time-optimized experimental design requires us to handle the growth, processing, and analysis of the very large number of parallel lineages. ...
