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Due to the envisaged fossil fuel depletion as a result of increasing energy consumption per capital and environmental degradation resulting from its global warming, there is necessity for long-term alternative energy sources. This work investigated process economic analysis of bio-oil production from wood residue generated in major cities of southw...
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... fast pyrolysis techno-economic studies had been examined alongside with technology evaluation and economic analysis of waste tire pyrolysis, gasification and liquefaction (Wright et al., 2010). In general, the higher the capacity of the pyrolysis equipment, the lower its capital cost of per unit and the lower its depreciation cost (Xifeng, 2003). Fig. 1 is a simplified pyrolysis process ...
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The use of fossil fuels which are derived from non-renewable sources has been linked to global warming, adverse human health effects and environmental pollution. Consequently, there is a need to develop alternative sources of fuel that are renewable and more environment-friendly. Biofuel (biodiesel), produced from microalgae such as Botryococcus br...
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... Various studies have been performed on the production of various products through pyrolysis (Pytlar, 2010;Badger et al., 2011;Rogers and Brammer, 2012;Hamaguchi et al., 2013). Popoola et al. (2015) analyze bio-oil production from wood residue using pyrolysis in South-Western Nigeria. Furthermore, they examined the effects of the bio-oil selling price, wood residue purchasing price, discount rate, and annual electricity cost on IRR (internal return rate) and NPV (net present value). ...
Circular bio-economy is a significant approach to resolving global issues elevated by environmental pollution. The generation of bioenergy and biomaterials can withstand the energy–environment connection as well as substitute petroleum-based materials as the feed stock production, thereby contributing to a cleaner and low-carbon-safe environment. Open discarding of waste is a major cause of environmental pollution in developing and under developed countries. Agricultural bio-wastes are obtained through various biological sources and industrial processing, signifying a typical renewable source of energy with ample nutrients and readily biodegradable organic substances. These waste materials are competent to decompose under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. The projected global population, urbanization, economic development, and changing production and consumption behavior result in bounteous bio-waste production. These bio-wastes mainly contain starch, cellulose, protein, hemicellulose, and lipids, which can operate as low-cost raw materials to develop new value-added products. Thus, this review discussed specifically the agricultural waste and valorization processes used to convert this waste into value-added products (biofuel, enzymes, antibiotics, ethanol and single cell protein). These value added products are used in the supply chain and enhance the overall performance of agriculture waste management, execution of circular bio-economy has attained significant importance and it explains a closed-loop system in which the potential resources remain in the loop, allowing them to be sustained into a new value.
... Biomass pyrolysis for BioOil production. Reused from(Popoola et al. 2015). ...
In the current context of dependence on fossil fuels, natural reserves are constantly being depleted and the rate of production is causing serious environmental damage. The shift from an petroleum-based linear economy to a circular bioeconomy is crucial. Lignocellulosic biomass, a major plant waste from the agriculture and agrifood sectors, is a store of value capable of meeting the current energy challenge and its natural decomposition calls on microorganisms with particular enzymatic potential, fungi being the most recognized. This thesis work proposes to study the richness of Fez-Meknes region (Morocco) in lignocellulolytic filamentous fungi, to study and characterize their enzymatic potential and to design a consolidated bioprocess for the conversion of olive mill waste into bioethanol. A fungal collection of 127 strains was assembled, with 28 highly cellulolytic strains and 22 highly ligninolytic strains. In submerged culture, the species Humicola grisea and Cosmospora viridescens were insensitive to variation in biomass type and to the application of mild acid pretreatment, showing better adaptability to industrial use. The addition of glucose on the other hand induced a consecutive expression of the endoglucanase activity in Cosmospora viridescens. In a consolidated process, the Fusarium oxysporum species degraded the olive pomace and fermented the sugars produced into bioethanol with a maximum production of 2.47 g/L and a conversion yield reaching 0.84 g/g, also close to a simple fermentation of glucose and xylose. The results of this work highlight the possibility of setting up a green industrial activity in the region, based on white biotechnology and using local resources and fungal potential.
... The heat required for fast pyrolysis, including both the sensible heat required to raise the temperature of the biomass to the pyrolysis temperature as well the heat of the pyrolysis reactions, has been found to be of the order of 1-2 MJ/kg of biomass containing 10% moisture (Daugaard and Brown, 2003). Figure 3 is a simplified pyrolysis process diagram (Popoola et al., 2015). ...
... Schematic diagram showing processes and the flow of material in a fast pyrolysis (Adapted fromPopoola et al., 2015). ...
The declining reserves of fossil fuels and fossil fuel-related environmental issues, especially greenhouse gas (carbon dioxide, methane) emissions, have posed a great threat and challenge to the sustainability of the world economy, the global environment, and hence the quality of life of human beings. Biomass pyrolysis could help reduce both the world’s dependence on oil and CO2 production. These bio-oils have the potential to cut CO2 emission because they are made up of plants that use CO2 for growth. There is a need to integrate process operation and reactor design to improve the effectiveness of different processes used for biomass to produce multiple products using a combination of technologies.
