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Rancang Bangun Jemuran Otomatis Berbasis Sensor Water Drop Dilengkapi Panel Surya 10 Wp dirancang untuk mempermudah pekerjaan rumah tangga dalam hal menjemur pakaian ditingkat keluarga rumah tangga dalam hal penyediaan/ketersedian pakaian bersih sehari-hari. komponen dirakit untuk dilakukan pengujian terhadap sensor gerak, pengujian kapasitas bater...
Citations
... Kumbhar, S. V. et al [19] Design, Analysis, and Fabrication of Hydraulic Scrap Baling Machine ...
This research presents the design and analysis of five variations of a hydraulic press machine frame with a length of 720 mm, a width of 1060 mm, and a height of 430 mm. The proposed design optimization is based on the needs of one of the SMEs (Small and Medium Enterprises) that produces non-precision aluminum components in Indonesia, namely CV C-Maxi Alloycast. The design was analyzed using the Finite Element Method (FEA) to determine the stress equivalent, total deformation, and safety factor of the frame after static loading. The design uses ASTM A36 Steel Plate material, equipped with three hydraulics that press the horizontal load in the X and Y axes of 40 tons and the Z direction of 35 tons. The simulation results show that the safest design is to modify the number of frames in the critical parts of the press machine door with a wall thickness of 15 mm and a frame of 20 mm. Meanwhile, the minimum safety factor value is obtained from a design with a minimum number of frames with a wall thickness of 10 mm and a frame thickness of 20 mm. The addition of frames at critical door points has a significant influence on increasing design safety, so researchers recommend using wall and frame thicknesses with values greater than the minimum safe design values. It is hoped that the findings from the simulation results can become a reference in the fabrication of aluminum press machines.
... The core diameter of the column threading was determined from equation 3.2 according to [23] and [24]: = /4 ( _ )^2 _ (15) Where; P is the external load acting on the plate, dc is the core diameter of the thread, σt is the allowable tensile stress for bolt material, n is the number of bolts. σt =165 N/mm 2 . ...
... Initial tension in the bolt based on experiments may be found by the relationship in Eq. (16) as given by [24] and [25]: = 2840 ( ) (16) Where; Pi is the initial tension in a bolt (N), d is the nominal bolt diameter ...
A locally developed corn threshers is important to agro-allied industries who are challenged with low efficiency, high level of wastage, exerting of much labour and cost of procuring the imported ones. In this research, a motorized corn thresher was designed, fabricated and evaluated. The thresher has several co+mponent parts. The shaft is attached with a pulley connected with a belt to a 5.5 hp S.I. engine. The machine is movable with two tyres and can be driven from a farm location to another when attached to moving truck. The uniqueness of this design is that the cylinder drum has a 10mm spike tooth rods arranged longitudinally in 6 rows along the length of the shelling drum. Threshing is obtained by the impact of the spike tooth rod on the head. Cobs of 3-12 kg were loaded at different time into the hopper. The time taking to load and thresh the cobs were taken. A shelling efficiency of 78.93% was obtained with the throughput capacity 190.275 kg/hr, about 6% grain breakage and found to be better than some existing corn threshers. Labour productivity of the users will therefore increase resulting into improved timeliness of maize production and its market value.
... In the hydraulic press the mechanical force is transmitted to the sample via hydraulic pressure (Adesina et al. 2018). Hydraulic press can be manually or power operated. ...
Among conventional extraction techniques in food and biorefinery applications, solvent extraction (named leaching, diffusion) and expression (pressing) are the most important. Solid/liquid extraction and expression are widely used for the production of fruit juices, wines, sugar, vegetable oils and starch, as well as for the extraction of different molecules of agricultural origin (carbohydrates or polysaccharides, proteins, aromas, flavours, etc.). This chapter discusses general principles of solid/liquid extraction and expression assisted by pulsed electric energy (PEE). The analysis of solid/liquid extraction includes presentation of Crank’s and more recent physical models of solvent extraction from biological materials treated by pulsed electric fields (PEF). The analysis of solid/liquid expression includes presentation of filtration-consolidation and more recent physical models of pressing from PEF treated biological materials. Examples of laboratory and pilot devices for PEF enhanced solid/liquid expression are also presented. Several examples of PEE assisted solvent extraction and expression of biomolecules from fruits and vegetables, mushrooms, leaves herbaceous plants, and microorganisms are also included.
This paper presents the development of an improved hydraulic bearing pusher and remover that uses electric motor for its operation. The conventional approach to removing a bearing from its shaft requires hammering or using more force which is a challenging one. This method damages the bearing surface, may render the bearing unusable and uses more human force. The use of hydraulic system in place of this eliminates the limitation of the conventional methods of bearing removal. The development of an electronically powered lever-operated hydraulic bearing puller makes bearing removal faster, safer, require lesser human force, and prevents damages to the bearing surface. Mild steel was used for the fabrication because it satisfies design requirements for strength, stiffness, and machinability. The developed hydraulic bearing pulling machine components includes; frame, cylinder mounting table, hydraulic cylinder, working table/bed, hydraulic tank, electric motor and hand lever. Several design equations were used in the design of the machine's component pieces. The FEA shows a maximum stress of the structure to be 1.613MPa which is low when compared to the yield strength of the material for the frame (Mild Steel) and its maximum factor of safety to be 1.052 which shows that the structural beam is capable of bearing the stress without failure. The average bearing removing time for the developed bearing puller was 15min which makes the developed machine a more efficient and faster means of bearing remover. The primary goal of this project is to reduce the amount of human labor, time required and eliminate damages when removing and installing a bearing.
The expected preloading effect of a hydraulic press frame parts (upper/lower semi-circular beams and columns) with pre-stressed by means of Winding Steel Wires which is directly related to the reliability and normal safe operation of the hydraulic press. The deformation of the Hydraulic Press Column (HPC) is an important indicator of the optimal preloading effect of the hydraulic press. A novelty of this project is to break through a bottleneck technology, the continuous cumulative deformation of a Hydraulic Press Column under seven time-varying steps is critical issues especially in theoretically calculated for a 20 MN double-frame hydraulic press with pre-stressed using WAW. A solid model with a pre-stressed frame is pre-designed by 3D software, and two simulation methods, equivalent pressure loading and equivalent temperature loading, are used to simulate and analyze the continuous cumulative deformation of the HPC under each step in Ansys Workbench software. By comparing the deformation and error analysis in the three cases above, the feasibility of the two simulation methods is verified, which leads to the advantages and disadvantages of each method in order to guide the subsequent design.
A hydraulic drive with two hydraulic cylinders was considered in which the rod movement speeds are synchronized by a divider of the working fluid flow. Based on the developed mathematical model, operation of synchronized hydraulic cylinders in transient operating conditions with a sudden change of load on one of the hydraulic cylinders was calculated. Speeds of movement of the hydraulic cylinder rods and pressures in the inter-throttle chambers of the flow divider were determined. It was established that there were variations of pressure in the inter-chamber chambers of the flow divider in the transient conditions of operation of the drive caused by a sudden change of load on the hydraulic cylinders and, as a result, an error of synchronization of speed of movement of the cylinders rods appeared at the initial stage. Relative pressure differential in the inter-throttle chambers reached 1 and the relative difference of speeds of movement reached 0.43. To improve accuracy of synchronization of hydraulic motor movement, a flow divider was proposed with an additional feedback in the pressure differential in the inter-throttle chambers of the divider. The additional feedback was realized through the use of a double-slotted throttling distributor of the spool-valve type. Proceeding from the conditions of a minimum synchronization error, the necessary dependence of change of area of the working slot of the controlled throttles was determined and recommendations on profiling the working slots of the spool throttle were given.
It was established by calculation and confirmed experimentally that the use of controlled throttles reduces the error of synchronization of speed of movement of the cylinder rods to 0.27 and the pressure differential in the inter-throttle chambers of the flow divider to 0.53.
Harmonics of higher order occurred in a transient process for speed and pressure. They were caused by movement of the spool valve of the double-slot distributor.
Presence of harmonics of higher order in variations of pressure and velocity did not significantly affect operation of hydraulic motors since amplitude of these variations was negligible.
Reduction of the speed synchronization error is due to simultaneous change of area of the throttle which stabilizes pressure differential and the area of the controlled throttle.
