Figure 4 - uploaded by Mette Moesgaard
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4: Setting behavior measured as the rate of heat evolution normalized by the fraction of Portland cement within the blended cement. The heat evolution (dQ/dt) is plotted as a function of the hydration time (t).
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... Recently, as part of an assessment of synthetic SCMs, Moesgaard et al [34,35] modelled intermediate range structural characteristics for synthetic calcium aluminosilicate glasses in the compositional range C 1.63 AS 3.63 to C 3.31 AS 3.38 [36] and proposed a quasi-two-phase structure consisting of regions rich in highly-polymerized AlO 4 and SiO 4 units and other regions rich in highly depolymerised SiO 4 units. The reactivity of these glasses in cementitious systems may therefore be reasonably associated with this heterogeneity, specifically with the more energetically favourable hydrolysis of -Al-O-Si-bonds [14] initially [37]. ...
The drive towards sustainability in construction is shaping our attitudes towards alternatives to Portland cement. Although the cement and concrete industry is essentially sustainable with respect to raw materials supply, and concrete manufacture actually gives relatively low CO2 emissions per unit volume compared to most competitive construction materials, the current focus on climate change has led to concerns about cement industry-generated CO2. Thus, there is interest in developing alternative cements with lower associated CO2 emissions. This paper seeks to provide a context for innovative development through a review of what is meant by a hydraulic cementitious binder, identification of key physico-chemical properties of successful binders and how novel systems generally rely on similar factors. Concepts such as reactivity, availability of reactive species and physico-chemical drivers for the formation of cementitious systems are discussed as a basis for introducing and reviewing recent developments in the search for ever more environmentally sustainable cements.
