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Developing of Internet networks and increasing demand of real-time applications, such as voice, video conferencing and routing algorithms play important roles in the real network in recent years. Considering rate and type of the demanding traffic, choosing of the routing protocol can cause the best performance in function of a network. Interior Gat...
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Citations
... The main tasks of dynamic routing protocols are the discovery of remote networks, collecting and maintaining information about the paths to these networks. They are also used for the selection of the best paths to remote networks and finding new best path [5]. However, dynamic routing protocols allows routers to select the best path when there is a real time logical network layout change [6]. ...
This paper evaluates the performance of routing protocols such as OSPF, EIGRP and IS-IS in an enterprise network. Routing protocols are rules that govern the best route to transfer data between various nodes in networks. These rules are used in the transmission of information from the transmitting end to the receiving end. Routing protocol's main responsibility lies in determining the best way routers communicate with each other in order to forward any kind of network traffic using the optimal path. The evaluation of routing protocols was achieved by measuring packet end-to-end delay, packet delay variation, Jitter, Ethernet delay, traffic sent and received parameters by employing OPNET simulator software using Http, Video conferencing and Voice data types. The results shows that OSPF_IS-IS combined protocols outperforms the of OSPF_EIGRP and OSPF protocols by 60%.
... In [11], the author has used IS-IS, IGRP and IS-IS/IGRP routing protocol scenarios and results show that the mixed IS-IS/IGRP performs better for voice/video conferencing applications than individual IS-S and IGRP for traffic efficiency, convergence, throughput, jitter and voice packet delay. In [12], the performance of mixed routing protocols is analysed on a semi mesh network for real-time applications-voice and video conferencing. The mixed scenarios considered for evaluation are EIGRP/IS-IS, OSPF/IS-IS, OSPF/EIGRP, and EIGRP/IS-IS/OSPF. ...
In this new era of the internet world, long-distance effective communication depends on the choice of IP and routing protocols. Various decisions are considered to find the optimal routing protocol for network deployment. The routing protocol which gives the best performance on some objective parameters (convergence, jitter, delay, bandwidth utilization, throughput, etc.) have opted for deployment. Also, according to the network and traffic demands, these routing protocols decide the performance of real-time applications. As IPv4 addresses are exhausting, moving to IPv6 is expected and challenging. This next-generation internet protocol brings new modified routing protocols which are enhanced versions of the existing ones. In this paper, the IS-ISv6 routing protocol is considered as it is scalable, more flexible towards IPv6 addresses, robust, support larger areas and can give better performance than other existing routing protocols. The IPv6 network is configured to measure the performance of real-time applications-voice and video using IS-ISv6 routing protocol and the network is simulated on riverbed modeler academic edition 17.5. The main objective of this paper is to find the performance of IS-ISv6 for routing the traffic. For both, the applications, the traffic sent and received are present to calculate the maximum throughput of the network. The results are also present for end-to- end delay and packet delay variations for voice and video applications. The simulation results for IPv6 traffic dropped and jitter in voice are also obtained in this paper. This research paper finds that the IS-ISv6 routing protocol enhances the throughput of video applications in the IPv6 network. However, the average performance for voice application is achieved with less end-to-end delay and packet delay variations. Thus IS-ISv6 routing protocol can be used efficiently for high-performance real-time application networks.
... The advantages of static routing using RIP are simple, but updates are not manually updated when the structure changes. [4][5][6][7][8] ...
... Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol implements an algorithm named as (DUAL) Deployment Update Algorithm. [7][8][9] ...
... Every routing protocol is configured differently than others according to their respective parameters as they implement different algorithms to provide the best outcome. Static algorithms and Dynamic algorithms are the algorithms used in modern communication network [1]. Static routing algorithm can't reroute traffic in case of link failure and increases network overhead. ...
... Throughput is the measurement of the ratio of successful data packets are sent and received over the links in a network topology [1]. Higher throughput means a higher gain of packets. ...
... End-to-End Delay is the time for a packet to be transmitted from one end to another [1]. A larger end-to-end delay means greater latency. ...
Real-time applications such as Voice, Video
Conferencing, VOIP, HTTP etc. need to fulfill some criteria of
standards for the computer network. In order to fulfill those
criteria, over the years, different single dynamic routing
protocols, such as RIP, EIGRP, OSPF have been used. Every
routing protocol has their advantages and disadvantages. In
this paper, different routing protocols, such as RIP, EIGRP,
and OSPF have been combined to utilize their advantages.
OPNET modeler has been used as the simulation software.
Different parameters, such as Convergence, Throughput,
Jitter, Packet Delay Variation, End-to-End Delay, Traffic
Dropped, Bandwidth Utilization etc. are selected as a
simulation scenario. The experimental results demonstrate that
integrating various routing protocol is showing the better
performance than single routing protocol. Among all
integrating routing protocols, the combination of EIGRP and
OSPF, that is EIGRP/OSPF outperforms the most satisfactory
performance for the applications like video and voice
communication.
... Previous studies showed EIGRP's ability to adapt quickly to routing changes in medium-scale networks. Farhangi et al (2012) opined that implementation of multiple IGPS within a single topology, so as to be able to use the best of all the protocols for higher throughput and lower bandwidth utilization, would be a more effective approach to gain higher throughput while minimizing bandwidth utilization. Labovitz et al (2000) Proved that the routing system will converge to a stable path when service providers can set rankings and filters autonomously. ...
Today, internet is playing a vital role in communication networks and this computer communication networks are based on technology that provides technical infrastructure, where routing protocols are used to transmit packets across the network. The Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) reference model was created, to determine the compatibility of various connected devices for communication. The routing protocols are implemented in the network layer of the model, providing the set of rules for devices to route data packets towards the destination. This paper focuses on two (2) routing protocols: Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) and Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) which is a member of Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP). Different protocols use different algorithms to route its packets and this affects the overall performance of the network. OSPF and EIGRP were used to distribute routing information between routers in the same autonomous system. Extensive experiments have been conducted to analyze and compare a set of characteristics of OSPF and EIGRP on an application like video Conferencing by using OPNET Modeler in an enterprise partial mesh network topology to determine the best protocol for a fast network convergence. Hence, this research simulates three network topologies and the results clearly show that EIGRP converges faster than OSPF and also EIGRP has the least Point to Point Queuing Delay than OSPF.
... Authors in [12], provide a comparative analysis of different routing protocols and their combination: EIGRP/OSPF, EIGRP/IS-IS, OSPF/IS-IS and EIGRP/IS-IS/OSPF. The study considered the case with real-time applications. ...
This work studies the impact of redistribution on network performance compared with the use of a single routing protocol. A real network with real traffic parameters is simulated, in order to investigate a real deployment case, and then being able to extract precise results and practical conclusions. This work demonstrates that using one single routing protocol is more efficient in general cases for real topologies, especially when deploying sensitive applications requiring a certain QoS level.
... The most researchers have been focused on the comparison and analysis of the performance of dynamic routing protocols and the route redistribution between two different routing protocols. They did not consider the comparison and analysis of the performance of the route redistribution among three different routing protocols in various scenarios on the same network [14,15,16]. In this study, we analyse and compare the performance of the route redistribution among three different routing protocols that are configured on the same network. ...
... Farhangi et al. [14] analysed and compared the performance of the route redistribution between two diverse dynamic routing protocols by using OPNET. Their simulation results showed that the performance of the mixed three protocols EIGRP, OSPF and IS-IS in terms of end to end delay, packet delay variation, voice Jitter and link throughput outperforms the other two combination from the same three routing protocols. ...
In an enterprise network, it is normal to use multiple dynamic routing protocols for forwarding packets. Therefore, the route redistribution is an important issue in an enterprise network that has been configured by multiple different routing protocols in its routers. In this study, we analyse the performance of the combination of three routing protocols in each scenario and make a comparison among our scenarios. We have used the OPNET 17.5 simulator to create the three scenarios in this paper by selecting three different routing protocols from the distance vector and link state routing protocols in each scenario. In the first scenario, the network routers are configured from EIGRP, IGRP, and IS-IS that is named EIGRP_IGRP_ISIS in our simulation. The OSPF_IGRP_ISIS scenario is a mixed from EIGRP, IGRP, and IS-IS protocols that is the second scenario. The third scenario is OSPF_IGRP_EIGRP that is the route redistribution among OSPF, IGRP, and IS-IS protocols. The simulation results showed that the performance of the EIGRP_IGRP_ISIS scenario is better than the other scenarios in terms of network convergence time, throughput, video packet delay variation, and FTP download response time. In contrast, the OSPF_IGRP_ISIS has less voice packet delay variation, video conferencing and voice packet end to end delays, and queuing delay as compared with the two other scenarios. On the other hand, the performance of the OSPF_IGRP_EIGRP scenario has better FTP upload response time, and voice jitter.
... Farhangi et al. presented the OPNET simulation based of a combination of EIGRP, OSPF and IS-IS routing protocols in a semi-mesh topology. A simulation showed that the performance of the mixed three protocols EIGRP, OSPF and IS-IS in terms of end to end delay, packet delay variation, Voice Jitter and Link throughput outperforms the other two combination of the same three routing protocols [13]. Jalali et al. evaluated the performance of RIP, OSPF, IGRP and EIGRP in terms of convergence, throughput, queuing delay, end to end delay and utilization by using the OPNET simulator. ...
Routing protocols are the fundamental block of selecting the optimal path from a source node to a destination node in internetwork. Due to emerge the large networks in business aspect thus; they operate diverse routing protocols in their infrastructure. In order to keep a large network connected; the implementation of the route redistribution is needed in network routers. This paper creates the four scenarios on the same network topology by using Optimized Network Engineering Tools Modeler (OPNET 14.5) simulator in order to analyze the performance of the route redistribution among three routing protocols by configuring three protocols from a set of Routing Information Protocol (RIPv2), Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP), Open Shortest Path First (OSPF), and Intermediate System to Intermediate System (IS-IS) dynamic routing protocols on each scenario. The first scenario is EIGRP_OSPF_ISIS, the second scenario is EIGRP_OSPF_RIPv2, the third scenario is RIPv2_EIGRP_ISIS, and the fourth scenario is RIPv2_OSPF_ISIS. The simulation results showed that the RIPv2_EIGRP_ISIS scenario outperforms the other scenarios in terms of network convergence time, the hops number, jitter, packet delay variation, packet end to end delay; therefore, it fits real time applications such as voice and video conferencing. In contrast, the EIGRP_OSPF_ISIS scenario has better results compared with other scenarios in terms of response time in case of using web browsing, database query, and Email services.
... Farhangi et al. presented the OPNET simulation based of a combination of EIGRP, OSPF and IS-IS routing protocols in a semi-mesh topology. A simulation showed that the performance of the mixed three protocols EIGRP, OSPF and IS-IS in terms of end to end delay, packet delay variation, Voice Jitter and Link throughput outperforms the other two combination of the same three routing protocols [13]. Jalali et al. evaluated the performance of RIP, OSPF, IGRP and EIGRP in terms of convergence, throughput, queuing delay, end to end delay and utilization by using the OPNET simulator. ...
Routing protocols are the fundamental block of selecting the optimal path from a source node to a destination node in internetwork. Due to emerge the large networks in business aspect thus; they operate diverse routing protocols in their infrastructure. In order to keep a large network connected; the implementation of the route redistribution is needed in network routers. This paper creates the four scenarios on the same network topology by using Optimized Network Engineering Tools Modeler (OPNET 14.5) simulator in order to analyze the performance of the route redistribution among three routing protocols by configuring three protocols from a set of Routing Information Protocol (RIPv2), Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP), Open Shortest Path First (OSPF), and Intermediate System to Intermediate System (IS-IS) dynamic routing protocols on each scenario. The first scenario is EIGRP_OSPF_ISIS, the second scenario is EIGRP_OSPF_RIPv2, the third scenario is RIPv2_EIGRP_ISIS, and the fourth scenario is RIPv2_OSPF_ISIS. The simulation results showed that the RIPv2_EIGRP_ISIS scenario outperforms the other scenarios in terms of network convergence time, the hops number, jitter, packet delay variation, packet end to end delay; therefore, it fits real time applications such as voice and video conferencing. In contrast, the EIGRP_OSPF_ISIS scenario has better results compared with other scenarios in terms of response time in case of using web browsing, database query, and Email services.
... Various studies have been conducted for evaluating the VOIP performance by varying codecs [37][38][39][40], these studies have shown the effectiveness of the G.729 codec over other codecs. Other works were interested in studying the impact of routing protocols on the VOIP quality [41][42][43][44][45][46]. These articles show by simulation that the EIGRP protocol is the most recommended thanks to its efficient bandwidth management and quick failure detection. ...
Wireless networking technologies, do not cease to develop and impose day after day. Unlike wired networks, these technologies offer much more mobility, a wide coverage and speed deployment. However, they represent several limits, especially in terms of quality of service (QoS).
We hear these days by heterogeneous networks, these latter, and thanks to the handover mechanisms, can ensure a routing data without a break even in the customers’ mobility case. These mechanisms remains unreliable bringing latency and additional losses. It is for this reason that the QoS mechanisms deployment becomes an inevitable necessity.
Several research works handled the QoS mechanisms in the Wi-Fi or WiMAX homogeneous wireless networks (Horizontal Handover). According to our research, no scientific work has been done evaluating the heterogeneous network performance taking into account the presence of both technologies simultaneously (Vertical Handover) as well as their good configurations.
Through this article, we will enhance and complete the earlier works by initiating the following points: (i) studying the QoS mechanisms in 802.11e and 802.16e networks, (ii) discussing the MIPv6 protocol deployment in a wireless network, (iii) evaluating and measuring the QoS impact on the network performance and real-time applications.
These studies were conducted under OPNET Modeler simulator, by using the Voice over IP (VOIP) and Video Conference (VC) applications. The simulation parameters are: The network delay (Wi-Fi and WiMAX), the throughput, the jitter, the end-to-end delay, the MOS score and the loss rate.
