Seismotectonic setting of the Bhuj earthquake. The location of GPS sites is annotated in red and stations occupied for repeat gravity observation along a pro fi le are numbered. Pink dots indicate the aftershock distribution (Negishi et al., 2002). Color shaded topography is from a 90-m DEM obtained by the shuttle radar topography mission (SRTM). The coseismic rupture is located near the center of the aftershock distribution. The black box indicates the spatial coverage of the ERS-satellite track 234 InSAR frame. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this fi gure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.) 

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... series of GPS-measured surface displacements document transient deformation during 6 years following the Bhuj earthquake. We update and expand on initial results from this network published by Reddy and Sunil (2008) who provide further detail on the GPS observations and analysis. Time series of positions of each site (shown in Fig. 1) in the well-determined International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF2000) are obtained from the combined quasi-observa- tions. Fig. 2 and Table S1 provide relative position time series from February 2001 to January 2007 of each site with respect to a station at Ahmedabad (AHMD). The time series show the decaying nature of the ...

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... measurements were carried out along a profile in 2004 and 2007 with reference to a first observation in November of 2001 (Chandrasekhar et al., 2004) using a CG-5 gravimeter. Locations of the profile and stations are shown in Fig. 1 and gravity change values are listed in Table S2. Fig. 6 shows the observed gravity-change data with a depression of − 0.1 mGal towards the southwest of the epicenter, followed by a gradual rise up to 0.05 mGal over the epicentral ...

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... and seismic moment are 82°, 51°, 77°, and 1.6 × 10 20 Nm, respectively. The model rupture is 40 km long and 10-32 km deep. The slip distribution of Antolik and Dreger (2003) is simplified by compacting the slip distribution with a larger amount of slip (8.2 m) confined to the center (25 × 15 km 2 ) and less slip (1.7 m) on the surrounding part (Fig. ...

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... or transient creep. We note that far-field sites to the west appear to be systematically under-predicted by our models. This may suggest the effect of further decreasing viscosities at greater depth; however, we did not further explore more complex layered models. East and North displacements of 13 GPS sites plotted with respect to AHMD site (see Fig. 1 We examined the change of the best-fit effective viscosity of the asthenosphere for coseismic rupture models with higher moment magnitudes, given that some teleseismic moment estimates are as high as 3.6 × 10 20 Nm ( Wesnousky et al., 2001). An increase of the coseismic moment of the rupture by 1.5 times raises the effective viscosity ...

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... low mantle viscosity deduced from the postseismic deforma- tion may be the result of thermal weakening due to the late Cretaceous Reunion (Deccan) plume, which may also be indicated by a ~ 200-km-wide seismic wave speed anomaly in the uppermost mantle beneath the region ( Kennett and Widiyantoro, 1999) (see inset map of Fig. 1). In contrast, the apparent strength of the lower crust is consistent with a mafic and dry composition indicated by unusually high seismic velocities at lower crustal depths ( Mandal and Pujol, 2006), which may have developed in association with intrusive activity during an early Jurassic period of rifting (Chandrasekhar and Mishra, ...

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... the inferred variations in temperature, composition and strength of the lithosphere. -2007observations (Chandrasekhar et al., 2004). The predicted gravity changes are calculated using the viscoelastic relaxation model with the viscosities indicated in the legend. The error bars represent one standard deviation. Station locations are shown in Fig. 1, and coordinates and gravity change values are listed in Table ...