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– Seimatosporium rosae ( epitype ) . a Habit in wood. b, c Fruiting bodies on host substrate. d Cross section of fruiting body. e, f Peridium. g, h, i Conidiogenous cells. j, k, l Mature conidia. m Germinating spore on PDA. n from above. o from below. Bars: c = 200 μm ; d = 300 μm ; e, g, h, i, m = 20 μm ; f= 50 μm ; j, k, l = 10 μm .
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The genus Seimatosporium is saprobic or pathogenic on plants, and are 'pestalotioid fungi'. The genus presently belongs in Discosiaceae (Amphisphaeriales) and includes 78 species epithets. In this study, we observed three specimens of Seimatosporium from Russia and they are characterized by morphological and sequence data. We analyzed combined ITS...
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The recent molecular phylogenetic study of the families Aongstroemiaceae and Di-cranellaceae, which resolved the genera Aongstroemia and Dicranella as polyphyletic, indicated the need for changes in their circumscription and provided new morphological evidence to support the formal description of newly recognized lineages. Following up on these res...
Citations
... salicinum and Seim. rosae (Nag Raj 1993, Kobayashi 2007, Mułenko et al. 2008, Norphanphoun et al. 2015. Seimatosporium centrale has larger conidia than Seim. ...
... parvum is separated from Seim. rosae which has also been reported from Rosa based on phylogenetic analysis (Norphanphoun et al. 2015) (Fig. 6). Furthermore, Seim. ...
... Moreover, the conidia of Spo. lichenicola are 4 -5-septate, which is also an important morphological characteristic distinguishing it from other species in Sporocadus (Norphanphoun et al. 2015 (Fig. 8), but the conidia of Spo. rosarum have an apical appendage, which makes it easy to distinguish them from other species of Sporocadus (Wanasinghe et al. 2018. ...
Rosa (Rosaceae) is an important ornamental and medicinal plant genus worldwide, with several species being cultivated in China. Members of Sporocadaceae (pestalotioid fungi) are globally distributed and include endophytes, saprobes but also plant pathogens, infecting a broad range of host plants on which they can cause important plant diseases. Although several Sporocadaceae species were recorded to inhabit Rosa spp., the taxa occurring on Rosa remain largely unresolved. In this study, a total of 295 diseased samples were collected from branches, fruits, leaves and spines of eight Rosa species (R. chinensis, R. helenae, R. laevigata, R. multiflora, R. omeiensis, R. rugosa, R. spinosissima and R. xanthina) in Gansu, Henan, Hunan, Qinghai, Shaanxi Provinces and the Ningxia Autonomous Region of China. Subsequently 126 strains were obtained and identified based on comparisons of DNA sequence data. Based on these results 15 species residing in six genera of Sporocadaceae were delineated, including four known species (Pestalotiopsis chamaeropis, Pes. rhodomyrtus, Sporocadus sorbi and Spo. trimorphus) and 11 new species described here as Monochaetia rosarum, Neopestalotiopsis concentrica, N. subepidermalis, Pestalotiopsis tumida, Seimatosporium centrale, Seim. gracile, Seim. nonappendiculatum, Seim. parvum, Seiridium rosae, Sporocadus brevis, and Spo. spiniger. This study also represents the first report of Pes. chamaeropis, Pes. rhodomyrtus and Spo. sorbi on Rosa. The overall data revealed that Pestalotiopsis was the most prevalent genus, followed by Seimatosporium, while Pes. chamaeropis and Pes. rhodomyrtus were the two most prevalent species. Analysis of Sporocadaceae abundance on Rosa species and plant organs revealed that spines of R. chinensis had the highest species diversity.
Citation: Peng C, Crous PW, Jiang N, et al. 2022. Diversity of Sporocadaceae (pestalotioid fungi) from Rosa in China. Persoonia 49: 201–260. https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2022.49.07.
... Several fungi within the family of Sporocadaceae (Xylariales, Sordariomycetes) have been reported as saprophytes, endophytes, and plant pathogens in a wide host range [14][15][16][17][18][19]. More specifically, species within Neopestalotiopsis Maharachch., K.D. Hyde and Crous, ...
... Seimatosporium and Sporocadus consist predominately of endophytes and saprobes of woody plants [17,33,34,43], although some species are pathogens of different plant hosts, such as eucalypt, blackberry, and grapevine [13,54,55]. More specifically, out of the nine Seimatosporium species previously reported from diseased or dead grapevine wood worldwide, only five (Seim. ...
Besides well-known grapevine trunk disease (GTD)-related pathogens, there is an increased interest in wood-colonizing fungi that infect grapevines. During 2017-2018, a survey was conducted in Cyprus and wood samples were collected from vines exhibiting typical GTD symptoms. Based on morphological and multilocus phylogenetic analyses (ITS, LSU, bt2, tef1-a), four species in the Sporocadaceae family were described and typified; two in the genus of Seimatosporium: Seim. cyprium sp. nov. and Seim. vitis-viniferae and two in Sporocadus: Spo. kurdistanicus and Spo. rosi-gena. The teleomorph of Seim. cyprium sp. nov. was also described. Pathogenicity trials with representative isolates of each species were performed on woody stems of two-year-old potted grapevines for 12 months under field conditions. All isolates were pathogenic, causing dark brown to black vascular discoloration, extending upward and downward from the inoculation point. Sporo-cadus isolates were significantly more aggressive than Seimatosporium with lesion lengths ranging from 9.24 to 6.90 and 4.13 to 4.00 cm, respectively. Successful re-isolations were also evident for all species and isolates. Seim. cyprium sp. nov. is a newly described species, while Spo. kurdistanicus and Spo. rosigena are reported for the first time in Europe on Vitis vinifera, suggesting the potential role of Sporocadaceae in the GTDs complex
... The fungus had the following morphology: Lesions beginning as numerous, small irregular or angular blackened areas on leaves 1 6 mm wide later surrounded by reddish brown poorly defined necrotic areas developing a greyish center, coalescing and leading to entire necrosis of leaves and defoliation of plants; Conidiomata acervular, sub-epidermal, 26-106 μm diam., dark brown; Conidiogenous cells cylindrical, holoblastic, phialidic, 4-12 × 2-3 μm, hyaline, smooth; Conidia fusiform, straight or curved, 12-24 × 3-5 μm, 3 − septate, two median cells, medium brown, apical cells hyaline, each terminal cell bearing two unbranched, whip-like, hyaline appendages, 8-23 μm long ( Fig. 1c-e). This morphology is equivalent to that of Seimatosporium hypericinum, as described in Sutton (1980) andNag Raj (1993). ...
... Seimatosporium was regarded by Tanaka et al. (2011) as a monophyletic genus of saprobic or plant pathogenic coelomycetous species of so-called 'pestalotioid fungi '. Norphanphoun et al. (2015) stated that BSeimatosporium species are common as saprobes and pathogens on plants, but are Seimatosporium hypericinum has been reported on H. perforatum in Italy (Nag Raj 1993;Sutton 1980) and Poland (Adamska 2007) on H. quadrangulum in Sweden (Sutton 1975) and on an undetermined species of Hypericum in Australia (Cunnington 2003). Add ...
... Seimatosporium was regarded by Tanaka et al. (2011) as a monophyletic genus of saprobic or plant pathogenic coelomycetous species of so-called 'pestalotioid fungi '. Norphanphoun et al. (2015) stated that BSeimatosporium species are common as saprobes and pathogens on plants, but are Seimatosporium hypericinum has been reported on H. perforatum in Italy (Nag Raj 1993;Sutton 1980) and Poland (Adamska 2007) on H. quadrangulum in Sweden (Sutton 1975) and on an undetermined species of Hypericum in Australia (Cunnington 2003). Additionally there is a record of this fungus on Lonicer astandishii (Caprifoliaceae) in Ukraine. ...
Hypericum ×inodorum is an ornamental plant that has become popular for the cut flower industry in Brazil, in recent years. No pathogen has been reported on this plant in Brazil. A coelomycete asexual morph was found associated with leaf spot and severe foliage blight on this host and is reported here for the first time. A combination of morphological and molecular features allowed it to be identified as Seimatosporium hypericinum. Koch’s postulates were performed and demonstrated, for the first time, that S. hypericinum is pathogenic to H. × inodorum.
... ericacearum: 13-15 × 4.4-6.5 μm. Norphanphoun et al. [16] designated a reference specimen of Seim. lichenicola from Cotinus coggygria with conidial dimensions similar to Syn. ericacearum and Seim. ...
Surveys of foliar endophytes from the Acadian forest region over the past three decades have identified numerous phylogenetically diverse fungi producing natural products toxic to forest pests and diseases. The life histories of some conifer endophytes can be restricted to plant foliage or may include saprotrophic phases on other plants tissues or even alternate hosts. Considering the potentially broad host preferences of conifer endophytes we explored fungi isolated from understory species and their metabolites as part of an ongoing investigation of fungal biodiversity from the Acadian forest. We report a hitherto unidentified Xylariomycetidae species isolated from symptomatic Labrador tea (Rhododendron groenlandicum) leaves and mountain laurel (Kalmia latifolia) collected in coastal southern New Brunswick, Canada. Morphological and phylogenetic evidence demonstrated the unknown species was a novel Synnemapestaloides (Sporocadaceae) species, described here as Syn. ericacearum. A preliminary screening assay indicated that the culture filtrate extract of the new species was potently antifungal towards the biotrophic pathogen Microbotryum violaceum, warranting an investigation of its natural products. Two natural products possessing a rare 1,3-benzodioxin-4-one scaffold, synnemadoxins A-B (1–2), and their postulated precursor, synnemadiacid A (3), were characterized as new structures and assessed for antimicrobial activity. All isolated compounds elicited in vitro inhibitory antifungal activity towards M. violaceum at 2.3 μg mL⁻¹ and moderate antibiotic activity. Further, the characterization of synnemadoxins A-B provided a perspective on the biosynthesis of some related 1,3-benzodioxin-4-ones produced by other fungi within the Xylariales.
... Genus Seimatosporium was erected with S. rosae Corda as the type species and consists predominately of saprobes and endophytes of woody plants Norphanphoun et al. 2015;Perera et al. 2016;Wijayawardene et al. 2016), although some species are pathogens (e.g., Leaf spot of eucalypts) (Barber et al. 2011). The genus is characterized by producing holoblastic or annelidic conidiogenous cells within acervuli or pycnidia that produce multiseptate conidia with pigmented median cells, a truncate basal cell with or without an eccentrically positioned appendage, and with or without a centrally positioned unbranched apical appendage (Nag Raj 1993). ...
Seimatosporium species and closely related ‘pestalotioid fungi’ have been isolated from vineyards worldwide, but their ecological status in grapevine wood is unclear. To determine their involvement in the grapevine trunk-disease complex, we tested the pathogenicity of Californian isolates obtained from vines with general symptoms of Botryosphaeria-, Eutypa-, and Phomopsis diebacks. Multi-locus phylogenetic analyses revealed three species: Seimatosporium vitis and two newly described and typified species, Seimatosporium luteosporum sp. nov. and Seimatosporium vitifusiforme sp. nov. Inoculations to woody stems of potted grapevines of both isolates of S. vitis and one isolate of S. vitifusiforme, but not S. luteosporum, were associated with significantly larger lesions than those of non-inoculated controls. Co-inoculations with trunk pathogens (Cryptovalsa ampelina, Diaporthe ambigua, Diatrypella verruciformis, Diplodia seriata, Eutypa lata), co-isolated from the same wood cankers in the field, brought about increased lesion lengths for S. vitifusiforme paired with Dip. seriata, and S. luteosporum paired with Diap. ambigua. In contrast, there were no differences in lesion lengths of S. vitis and Diat. verruciformis or S. vitis and E. lata, inoculated alone or together. Our findings suggest Seimatosporium species are involved in the grapevine trunk-disease complex, and their virulence may depend on or affect that of trunk pathogens.
... (Sutton 1980). The genus Melanconis belongs in the family Melanconidaceae in Diaporthales, Sordariomycetes (Maharachchikumbura et al. 2015(Maharachchikumbura et al. , 2016. Castlebury et al. (2002) used LSU sequence data from M. stilbostoma (Fr.) ...
... Thus, Castlebury et al. (2002) placed Melanconis desmazieri and Hercospora tiliae in Melanconis sensu lato as genera incertae sedis in Diaporthales. This taxonomic treatment was followed by Voglmayr et al. (2012), Voglmayr & Jaklitsch (2014) and Maharachchikumbura et al. (2015Maharachchikumbura et al. ( , 2016. ...
... The samples were collected from dead branches of Tilia cordata Mill. in the Rostov region, Russia, in May 2014. The specimens were returned to the laboratory in small paper bags, examined, identified and described following Norphanphoun et al. (2015). Micro-morphological characters were studied using a Motic SMZ 168 dissecting microscope for fungal fruiting bodies. ...
The genus Lamproconium comprises species that are endophytes, saprobes and pathogens on a wide variety of plants. This genus is currently placed in Diaporthales genera incertae sedis. Fresh specimens of Lamproconium were collected in Russia and studied to provide morphological and phylogenetic data. Phylogenetic analyses of single spore isolates generated from maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony and Bayesian inference analyses using combined ITS and LSU sequence data, place L. desmazieri in the order Diaporthales. Melanconis desmazieri is synonymized under Lamproconium desmazieri, and Lamproconiaceae is introduced as a new family to accommodate L. desmazieri and Hercospora tiliae, based on morphology and phylogenetic analyses.
... Although neither of the type species of Discostroma or Seimatosporium were included, Tanaka et al. (2011) used three species of Discostroma and sixteen species of Seimatosporium in their LSU tree to show that representatives of these genera form a monophyletic genus that should be regarded as Seimatosporium. Norphanphoun et al. (2015) added four more isolates of Seimatosporium including one for the type species, S. rosae, and also concluded that the genus was monophyletic. Host-specificity should be considered in studying the taxonomy of this genus. ...
With the advance to one scientific name for each fungal species, the generic names in the class Sordariomycetes typified by sexual and asexual morphs are evaluated based on their type species to determine if they compete with each other for use or protection. Recommendations are made for which of the competing generic names should be used based on criteria such as priority, number of potential names changes, and frequency of use. Some recommendations for well-known genera include Arthrinium over Apiospora, Colletotrichum over Glomerella, Menispora over Zignoëlla, Microdochium over Monographella, Nigrospora over Khuskia, and Plectosphaerella over Plectosporium. All competing generic names are listed in a table of recommended names along with the required action. If priority is not accorded to sexually typified generic names after 2017, only four names would require formal protection: Chaetosphaerella over Oedemium, Diatrype over Libertella, Microdochium over Monographella, and Phaeoacremonium over Romellia and Togninia. Concerning species in the recommended genera, one replacement name (Xylaria benjaminii nom. nov.) is introduced, and the following new combinations are made: Arthrinium sinense, Chloridium caesium, C. chloroconium, C. gonytrichii, Corollospora marina, C. parvula, C. ramulosa, Juncigena fruticosae, Melanospora simplex, Seimatosporium massarina, Sporoschisma daemonoropis, S. taitense, Torpedospora mangrovei, Xylaria penicilliopsis, and X. termiticola combs. nov.
... Although neither of the type species of Discostroma or Seimatosporium were included, Tanaka et al. (2011) used three species of Discostroma, including D. tostum and 11 species of Seimatosporium, to show that representatives of these genera form a monophyletic genus that should be regarded as Seimatosporium. Norphanphoun et al. (2015) added four more isolates of Seimatosporium, including one for the type species S. rosae, and also concluded that this genus was monophyletic. Given that Seimatosporium is the oldest name, has priority, has the greater number of species, and is most commonly used, this generic name should be used. ...
In advancing to one scientific name for each fungus species, a number of name changes are required especially for plant-associated fungi. These include species names that are not in the correct genus. For example, the generic name Elsinoë is used for fungi causing scab diseases but a number of these species were described in the asexually typified genus Sphaceloma and must be placed in Elsinoë. In other cases species names were determined to be unrelated to the type species of the genus in which they are currently placed and are placed in a more appropriate genus. For each new name the history, rationale and importance of the name is discussed. The following new combinations are made: Acanthohelicospora aurea, A. scopula, Bifusella ahmadii, Botryobasidium capitatum, B. rubiginosum, Colletotrichum magnum, Crandallia acuminata, C. antarctica, Elsinoë arachadis, E. freyliniae, E. necator, E. perseae, E. poinsettiae, E. punicae, Entyloma gibbum, Harknessia farinosa, Passalora alocasiae, Protoventuria veronicae, Pseudocercosporella ranunculi, Psiloglonium stygium, Ramularia pseudomaculiformis, Seimatosporium tostum, Thielaviopsis radicicola combs. nov., and Venturia effusa.
... Tanaka et al. (2011) recognised Seimatosporium sensu lato as a monophyletic genus, although the type of Seimatosporium was not sequenced at that time. The generic type, S. rosae was subsequently epitypified and ex-epitype sequence data provided by Norphanphoun et al. (2015). Seimatosporium has been linked to Discostroma in several studies (Shoemaker & Müller 1964, Brockmann 1976, Nag Raj 1993, Okane et al. 1996, Hatakeyama & Harada 2004, Paulus et al. 2006, Hyde et al. 2011. ...
... In this study we introduce the sexual morph of Seimatosporium cornii based on analysis of combined LSU and ITS sequence data together with morphological characters following Tanaka et al. (2011) and Norphanphoun et al. (2015). Our isolate did not produce an asexual morph in culture. ...
The sexual morph of Seimatosporium cornii, collected from dead stems of Cornus sanguinea in Arezzo, Italy, is reported in this paper. It was linked to S. cornii based on analysis of combined LSU and ITS sequence data. The sexual morph is characterized by minutely stromatic ascomata, cylindrical to clavate asci, with a J+, apical apparatus and 1–3-septate, fusiform ascospores. Seimatosporium cornii can be distinguished from the closely related species, Discostroma fuscellum, by the structure of the peridium, shape and septation of the ascospores and also its asexual morph. The sexual morph of S. cornii is reported from the same host and location as its asexual morph. We also provide data of SSU, TEF1-α and β-TUB genes of our strain, deposited in GenBank.
... The use of conidial morphology has often been considered an important criterion in species identification (Sutton 1980, Nag Raj 1993 and its value in taxonomy has been discussed in Norphanphoun et al. (2015). In our phylogenetic analysis (Fig. 1) Seimatosporium sensu lato groups into five sub-clades (Clades A-E). ...
A new Seimatosporium species was collected from Quercus robur, in Germany. Morphological and phylogenetic analyses (maximum-parsimony and Bayesian analyses) of combined LSU and ITS datasets confirmed that our collection is distinct from other known species. It is introduced here as a new species, Seimatosporium quercina. The new species is compared with other similar Seimatosporium species and a description and illustrations are provided. A taxonomic key is provided to differentiate S. quercina from other morphologically similar species.
