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-Seed germination of Vriesea gigantea and Vriesea philippocoburgii on three medium-compositions, based on Knudson medium.
Source publication
Micropropagation studies were carried out using the seeds for establishing an in vitro culture of Vriesea gigantea and Vriesea philippocoburgii. Germination rate of V. gigantea was higher than of V. philippocoburgii. Plantlets of V. philippocoburgii gave rise to many adventitious shoots when cultivated in Knudson basal medium. In contrast, for V. g...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... media were gelified with 1.2% agar, at pH 6.4 (before autoclaving). The number of seeds tested for each treatment in Experiments I and II is shown in Tables 1 and 2, respectively. The cultures from both experiments were maintained on the media for 45 days at 26 + 1 o C in a 16 h light regime at a light intensity of 22.5 µEm -2 s -1 . ...
Context 2
... germination initiated eight-then days after sowing and occurred on all media tested, resulting in the production of one plant per seed. In Experiment I, both V. gigantea and V. philippocoburgii showed high germination rates (99 and 89%, respectively) ( Table 1). For V. gigantea, cold pre-treatment did not cause any increase of germination rate (Table 2). ...
Citations
... En Vriesea heliconioides el 98% de germinación promedio se obtuvo en el medio MS (Hernández-Meneses et al., 2018). En cambio, las semillas de V. gigantea y V. philippocoburgii germinaron en las sales completas del medio MS, pero las plántulas no continuaron su crecimiento después de algunas semanas (Droste et al., 2005). ...
... En otras especies como V. gigantea el medio MS con 2.0 mg L -1 de BA y 0.5 mg L -1 de ANA indujo 3.1 brotes por explante después de 16 semanas de cultivo a partir de plántulas in vitro; mientras que en V. philippocoburgii en el mejor tratamiento se obtuvieron 5 brotes por explante con estas mismas concentraciones de BA y ANA pero en el medio Knudson (Droste et al., 2005). La variación en las respuestas in vitro, entendida como la cantidad de brotes generados por explante, entre las especies de bromeliáceas reportadas, indica que el genotipo tiene una fuerte influencia sobre la capacidad morfogénica. ...
Tillandsia takizawae Ehlers & H. Luther is an epiphytic bromeliad microendemic from Mexico with showy inflorescences with pink bracts that contrast with the green flowers. These attributes give it potential as an ornamental plant. The conservation of the species and commercial use requires efficient propagation systems that avoid the extraction of plants from their natural habitat. The objectives of this contribution were to establish the optimal conditions for in vitro seed germination and plant regeneration by organogenesis. Seeds were stablished in Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) with half the concentration of salts added with benciladenine (BA) and naftalen acetic acid (NAA). In the elongation and rooting of shoots, the gibberellic acid (GA3) and the indol butiric acid (IBA) were evaluated, respectively. In all treatments an average germination of 97% was obtained. The combination of BA and NAA promoted the induction of shoots in recently germinated seedlings. The highest number of shoots per explant was 41.4 with 1 mg L-1 of BA and 0.25 mg L-1 of NAA after 12 weeks of culture. Shoots elongation was achieved in the complete MS medium with 1 mg L-1 of GA3 after eight weeks. The best rooting response was with 1 mg L-1 of IBA, which induced the average formation of 7.7 roots in all shoots at four weeks. In the acclimatization of plants the survival was 95 % after four weeks.
... Although there was no statistical difference in the amount of microshoots produced by treatments with 60 and 39.4 mM NO 3 (the latter producing an average of 166.67 microshoots), better development and coloring (bright green) were observed in the microshoots produced with a concentration of 39.4 mM NO 3 (Figure 3). These results match the findings of Droste et al. (2005), who found higher survival rates among ; and C) 60 mM NO 3 . ...
Objective: To develop a protocol for the aseptic in vitro establishment and multiplication of Aechmea fasciata (Lindl.) Baker. Design/Methodology/Approach: Different concentrations of NaClO (2, 3, 4, and 5%) were assessed for the aseptic establishment of A. fasciata. During the shoot induction stage, the three following treatments were tested: T1 = 6-benzyladenine + naphthalene-1-acetic acid (BA + ANA; 5 + 2 mg L-1); T2 = zeatin + 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (Zea + 2,4-D; 5 + 2 mg L-1); and T3 = control with no plant growth regulators. During the shoot multiplication stage, three more treatments were assessed: T1 = Zea + 2,4-D (2.5 + 1 mg L-1); T2 = Zea + 2,4-D (5 + 2 mg L-1); and T3 = Zea + 2,4-D + gibberellic acid (AG3) (2.5 + 1 + 3.5 mg L-1). To assess the number of cellular events, different nitrate concentrations were tested in the medium (18.8, 39.4, and 60 mM NO3-). Finally, during the shoot regeneration stage, nine treatments derived from the combination of three concentrations of kinetin (KIN: 0, 0.1, and 0.5 mg L-1) and of indole-3-acetic acid (AIA: 0, 0.3, and 0.4) were assessed. Completely randomized designs were used in each stage. Duncan’s test (p ≤ 0.05) was used to compare the means during the shoot induction and multiplication stages. A regression analysis was carried out to study the aseptic establishment and a non-parametric test (Kruskal-Wallis) was made to assess the “amount of microshoots during regeneration” variable. Results: A. fasciata aseptic explants with 4% NaClO were established. Shoot induction was most effective with the BA + ANA (5 + 2 mg L-1) treatment. The highest callus production was reported with the Zea + 2,4-D (5 + 2 mg L-1) treatment. The largest number of microshoots was obtained with high nitrate doses. Meanwhile, the most successful regeneration was achieved with the 0.1 mg KIN L-1 and 0.4 mg AIA L-1 treatment. Study Limitations/Implications: The application of Zea and 2,4-D during multiplication induced callus formation. Findings/Conclusions: Apical bud explants in an MS medium with BA and ANA present organogenesis. The use of Zea and 2,4-D forms calluses in the already established in vitro shoots, which regenerate with the use of KIN and AIA. Better microshoot coloring and development were achieved with MS salts, which have a medium nitrate content.
... In Nidularium innocentii Lem., the percentages were above 75% (Pereira et al. 2010); for Neoregelia mucugensis Leme, germination rates under controlled conditions varied from 93 to 95% (Bellintani et al. 2007). High germination rates (above 90%) were observed in other Bromeliaceae genera, such as Aechmea (Nara and Webber 2002;Lenzi et al. 2006;Paulo and De Paula 2018;Büttow et al. 2020), Vriesea (Droste et al. 2005;Sasamori et al. 2016), Pitcairnia (Pereira et al. 2011), andPortea, Billbergia, andTillandsia (Oliveira 2016). ...
Herbivory in plant reproductive tissues can severely reduce the fitness of the species, especially for those threatened with extinction. We investigated aspects of the reproductive ecology of Neoregelia ibitipocensis (Leme) Leme, an endangered species restricted to a few cloud forests sites in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Data on breeding systems, fertility, and viability of its populations are provided, as well as alternatives for development of strategies for ex situ conservation. Hand pollination experiments revealed that N. ibitipocensis is partially self-incompatible. Fruit and seeds were affected by intense herbivory caused by Tipulidae (Diptera) larvae. The predation reached 100% of the analysed infructescences during the first year of the study. We observed the production of parthenocarpic fruit both through controlled pollination experiments and under natural conditions. The potential for self-pollination and autogamy probably compensate for the reduced ability of the species to attract pollinators due to its small floral display. In the same way, parthenocarpy seems to represent a strategy to enhance the fitness of N. ibitipocensis, mitigating the effects of the predation. We developed an efficient protocol of in vitro multiplication, which represents a viable alternative for ex situ conservation of the species.
... The lower germination percentages of V. bahiana, irrespective of the substrate, corroborate the pattern reported for other species of the genus Vriesea in natural conditions (Droste et al. 2005). However, in controlled conditions of temperature and water content, these values can be elevated (Mercier & Guerreiro Filho 1990). ...
Vriesea bahiana, Hohenbergia castellanosii and Encholirium spectabile are endemic Brazilian species that are considered endemic or endangered. Development of strategies to conserve these species is important to prevent irreversible genetic erosion. The objective of this study was to evaluate the post-seminal development and seed cryopreservation of three endemic or in danger of extinction bromeliad species in Brazil, to obtain a protocol that can safeguard the genetic variability of these species. In the seed cryopreservation assay, we evaluated five desiccation periods. The seeds in the cryotubes were taken from the desiccator and immediately plunged into liquid nitrogen. For the analysis of post-seminal development, seeds in different germination stages were collected and evaluated by light and scanning electron microscopy. Vriesea bahiana seeds frozen in liquid nitrogen presented almost 100% germination, indicating dormancy break of this species. Vriesea bahiana can be cryopreserved with 5.9% water content after being dried for 24 hours. Hohenbergia castellanosii and E. spectabile seeds did not need to be desiccated before being cryopreserved. The most relevant morphological traits for differentiation of genera and subfamilies of Bromeliaceae are the shape and type of seed appendages. In this study, all three species presented well-differentiated size and shape of their structures.
... In other bromeliad species, reducing the concentrations of salts and sucrose in MS culture medium has been used for in vitro conservation for a period between 12 and 24 months, such as in Vriesea reitzii (Rech Filho et al., 2005), V. gigantea Gaudich. and V. philippocoburgii Wawra (Droste, Silva, Matos, & Almeida, 2005), and A. fasciata and A. miniata Baker (Costa, Moreira, Souza, & Rocha, 2012). Besides being efficient, this strategy also reduces costs of in vitro cultivation. ...
Alcantarea nahoumii (Leme) J. R. Grant is a species native to the Atlantic Forest that stands out for ornamental purposes. The objective of this work was to evaluate the in vitro germination of A. nahoumii seeds and establish a micropropagation protocol for production of seedlings so as to minimize the effects of predatory extractivism and develop an in vitro conservation system. Mature seeds were disinfested, established in three culture media (MS, MS½ and MS⅓) and incubated at four temperatures (20, 25, 30 and 35ºC) in a germination chamber. In the micropropagation experiment, stem segments were introduced in MS medium supplemented with 0.5 μM of 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 0.0, 2.2, 4.4 and 6.6 μM of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). For the in vitro conservation, plantlets were established in MS or MS½ medium supplemented with 15 g L-1 or 30 g L-1 of sucrose. The plants were acclimated with commercial substrate. The highest seed germination percentages were promoted by temperature conditions of 20 and 25ºC, with MS culture medium. The highest multiplication rate of shoots was obtained from the treatment without addition of the growth regulator or when combined with 2.2 μM of BAP + 0.5 μM of NAA. The acclimation of the plants occurred with high survival rate. The species can be conserved in vitro under slow growth condition for 24 months when incubated in MS medium supplemented with 30 g L-1 of sucrose.
... Nesse contexto, a crescente importância econômica da espécie Neoregelia johannis no setor paisagístico, tem despertado o interesse na aplicação de técnicas de cultura de tecidos que possibilitem a propagação em larga escala para fins ornamentais, captura e fixação de ganhos genéticos advindos de programas de melhoramento, bem como para a conservação de genótipos (Droste et al. 2005, Dal Vesco et al. 2014. ...
... Dessa forma, explica-se o menor número médio de brotações observado no meio de cultura WPM, o qual apresenta as menores concentrações de nutrientes em relação ao meio de cultura MS, principalmente em relação ao nitrogênio (Fig. 1C). Nesse contexto, ressalta-se que a concentração de nutrientes do meio de cultura pode influenciar o aumento do número de brotações emitidas, fato também evidenciado na micropropagação de Vriesea gigantea Gaudich, em qual o número médio de brotações formados no meio MS foi mais elevado em relação ao meio de cultura Knudson (Knudson 1946), sendo este último mais pobre em fontes nitrogenadas (Droste et al. 2005). ...
... In the first methodology (I), the capsules were submerged in 4% sodium hypochlorite plus 0.1% Tween 20 detergent for 15 minutes. Afterwards, the capsules were washed four times in autoclaved distilled water and opened with a scalpel to remove the seeds (Droste et al., 2005). The plumose appendages were removed and the seeds were seeded in petri dishes with 30 mL of semi-solid MS medium (Murashige and Skoog, 1962) for germination, as described by Bencke and Droste (2008). ...
... Despite the success in germination rate, the use of sterile capsules to obtain plants from seeds germinated in vitro was not very feasible since it led to a high degree of contamination of seeds by fungi and bacteria. The use of both methodologies is quite common for obtaining bromeliad or orchid plants by means of seeds (Droste et al., 2005;Pedroso et al., 2010;Suzuki et al., 2010;Soares et al., 2012;Endres Júnior et al., 2014;Sasamori et al., 2015;. Vriesea gigantea Gaudich., V. philippocoburgii Wawra and V. incurvata Gaudich. ...
... Vriesea gigantea Gaudich., V. philippocoburgii Wawra and V. incurvata Gaudich. have been micropropagated only by means of sterilization of the capsules, optimizing the process for the cultivation of species with high germination rates (Droste et al., 2005;Sasamori et al., 2016). The presence of small holes in the (chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids -Chl a, Chl b, and Car, respectively) of Vriesea flammea plants initially (gray bars -t1) and after (black bars -t2) 150 days of acclimatization. ...
Bromeliaceae is restricted to the Neotropical region and has a high degree of endemism, which contributes to increased biodiversity because of the diverse morphological characteristics of individuals. In order to develop an in vitro conservation technology to obtain plants for reintroduction, seeds of Vriesea flammea L.B.Sm. were collected, sterilized and germinated in culture medium. The plants obtained were cultured for 180 days in MS medium with different concentrations of mineral nutrients (25 and 50% of nitrogenous salts and macronutrients), and different concentrations of sucrose (20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 g L-1), and then acclimatized for 150 days on commercial substrate. When seeds were sterilized directly, only 4% of them were contaminated, whereas sterilization of capsules resulted in 43.6% contaminated seeds. Germination rates above 80% were recorded. Low concentrations of nitrogenous salts and macronutrients produced greater than 76% survival and promoted greater in vitro plant development than the complete MS medium. The development of the aerial system, root system, fresh mass and photosynthetic pigments were positively related to sucrose concentration in vitro. The highest sucrose concentration also indirectly promoted greater development of the aerial system and fresh mass of acclimatized plants. We established conditions for in vitro cultivation and acclimatization for efficient propagation of V. flammea with a view towards conservation of the species or reestablishment of natural populations.
... Plantlets 1.0 ± 0.2 cm in height were germinated from seeds according to Droste et al. (2005), and the capsules were collected from specimens of a population established in a fragment of the Atlantic Forest in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. After 60 days in the germination medium, the plantlets were cultivated in flasks with 30 mL of MS medium (Murashige & Skoog 1962), supplemented with 4 g L -1 of Phytagel TM , 5 g L -1 of activated charcoal, pH set to 6.4 before sterilization in autoclave. ...
Vriesea incurvata is an epiphytic bromeliad of the Atlantic Forest with ornamental attributes that encourage extractivism. This study assessed the influence of sucrose (10, 30 and 60 g L⁻¹) on the survival and development of V. incurvata plantlets cultivated for 180 days on MS medium and acclimatizated for 150 days under controlled conditions. Survival of 100% was recorded in all in vitro treatments. Sucrose at concentration of 60 g L⁻¹ provided highest length of the aerial portion and of the longest root, greatest number of leaves and roots, highest fresh mass and lowest contents of chlorophylls and carotenoids. The higher sucrose concentration also positively influenced the development of plantlets ex vitro, allowing for increased averages for the parameters assessed. The results indicate micropropagation as an alternative by which V. incurvata plantlets may be provided for commercial means, reducing the extractivism from natural populations, or for reintroduction into their natural habitat. © 2018 Fundacao Zoobotanica do Rio Grande do Sul. All rights reserved.
... El porcentaje de germinación de las semillas de V. heliconioides en el medio MS fue alto, tanto con la concentración completa del medio MS como al 50 % de sales. En contraste, las semillas de V. gigantea y V. philippocoburgii germinaron en el medio MS con las sales completas, pero después de algunas semanas las plántulas no prosperaron (Droste et al., 2005). En V. scalaris la baja tasa de germinación obtenida (60 %) también se atribuyó a las sales completas del medio MS (Da Silva et al., 2009). ...
... En V. fosteriana, V. gigantea y V. philippocoburgii el enraizamiento fue promovido con 1.1 µM de ANA (Droste et al., 2005;Mercier y Kerbauy, 1992), mientras que en V. cacuminis la combinación de 15 µM de AG 3 y 1.5 µM de ANA et al., 2016). En esta última especie se atribuyó un efecto positivo del AG 3 en combinación con ANA sobre el enraizamiento; sin embargo, en V. heliconioides el número de raíces fue mayor en ausencia de la giberelina. ...
Vriesea heliconioides (Kunth) Hook. ex Walp is a bromeliad that possesses inflorescences of red bracts and white petals that confer it great horticultural potential. For commercial purposes, it is necessary to develop efficient propagation protocols that discourage the extraction from its natural habitat. This study aimed to define the optimal conditions for in vitro germination of seeds, to determine their viability and to regenerate plants via organogenesis. Seeds were sowed on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium either complete or at half of its salts concentration to evaluate germination. Other seeds were stored for two years at 10 °C or at room temperature to estimate viability. To induce organogenesis, seedlings obtained in vitro were cultured on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP, 5-15 μM) and a-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA, 1-2 μM). A germination of 100 % of the seeds was achieved on the MS medium at half the concentration of salts. Viability of the seeds can be maintained for up to two years by storing them at 10 °C, even though it is gradually reduced to 86 % after that time. Organogenesis was observed in MS medium added with 10 μM of BAP and 1 μM of NAA, inducing 6.8 shoots per explant after 12 weeks. Shoots multiplication was obtained at the same concentrations of growth regulators as used in the induction stage. Plant elongation and rooting were achieved in MS medium at half salt concentration supplemented with 1 μM of gibberellic acid. Acclimatization of the plants was efficient in coconut fiber and bark with survival rates of 95 and 93 %, respectively.
... El porcentaje de germinación de las semillas de V. heliconioides en el medio MS fue alto, tanto con la concentración completa del medio MS como al 50 % de sales. En contraste, las semillas de V. gigantea y V. philippocoburgii germinaron en el medio MS con las sales completas, pero después de algunas semanas las plántulas no prosperaron (Droste et al., 2005). En V. scalaris la baja tasa de germinación obtenida (60 %) también se atribuyó a las sales completas del medio MS (Da Silva et al., 2009). ...
... En V. fosteriana, V. gigantea y V. philippocoburgii el enraizamiento fue promovido con 1.1 µM de ANA (Droste et al., 2005;Mercier y Kerbauy, 1992), mientras que en V. cacuminis la combinación de 15 µM de AG 3 y 1.5 µM de ANA et al., 2016). En esta última especie se atribuyó un efecto positivo del AG 3 en combinación con ANA sobre el enraizamiento; sin embargo, en V. heliconioides el número de raíces fue mayor en ausencia de la giberelina. ...
Vriesea heliconioides (Kunth) Hook. ex Walp es una bromelia que posee inflorescencias de brácteas rojas y pétalos blancos que le otorgan amplio potencial hortícola. Para su aprovechamiento comercial es necesario desarrollar protocolos de propagación eficientes que desalienten la extracción de su hábitat natural. Los objetivos del presente estudio fueron definir las condiciones óptimas para la germinación in vitro de semillas, determinar su viabilidad y regenerar plantas por organogénesis. Las semillas se sembraron en el medio de Murashige y Skoog (MS) completo o a la mitad de su concentración de sales para evaluar la germinación. Otras semillas se conservaron durante dos años a 10 ºC o a temperatura ambiente para estimar su viabilidad. Para inducir la organogénesis, plántulas obtenidas in vitro se cultivaron en el medio MS suplementado con distintas concentraciones de 6-bencilaminopurina (BAP, 5-15 μM) y ácido α-naftalenacético (ANA, 1 y 2 μM). Se alcanzó una germinación de 100 % de las semillas en el medio MS a la mitad de concentración de sales. La viabilidad de las semillas se puede mantener hasta por dos años conservándolas a 10 ºC, aunque ésta se reduce gradualmente hasta llegar a 86 % después de este tiempo. La organogénesis se observó en el medio MS adicionado con 10 μM de BAP y 1 μM de ANA, en el que se formaron 6.8 brotes por explante después de 12 semanas. La multiplicación de los brotes se obtuvo en las mismas concentraciones de reguladores de crecimiento usadas en la etapa de inducción. El alargamiento y enraizamiento de plantas se logró en el medio MS a la mitad de concentración de sales suplementado con 1 μM de ácido giberélico. La aclimatación de las plantas fue eficiente en fibra de coco y corteza con tasas de supervivencia de 95 y 93 %, respectivamente.
