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Seed germination and shoot induction: (a) korarima seeds cultured on 0.7% agar-solidified half-strength MS medium sterilized with 20% NaOCl solution for 20 min; (b) five-weeks-old seedlings developed from seeds cultured on solid medium treated with 50% H2SO4 solution for 16 hours; (c) shoot tip culture; (d) shoots initiated on MS medium containing 1.5 mg/l BAP combined with 0.1 mg/l IBA after five weeks; (e) shoots initiated on liquid MS medium containing 1.5 mg/l BAP combined with 0.1 mg/l IBA after five weeks. Bars = 1 cm.
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Developing an in vitro regeneration system is very important to increase production and productivity of plants as well as for the conservation of rare and threatened medicinal plants like korarima (Aframomum corrorima (Braun) P. C. M. Jansen). To date, no study dealing with in vitro indirect regeneration system of korarima has been reported. Thus,...
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Citations
... Rapid shoot regeneration has a direct relationship with shoot organogenesis, which has been reported previously to respond variably to liquid and solid media ( Jones et al., 2007;Afroz et al., 2009;Intzaar et al., 2013). We and others have investigated multiple aspects of shoot organogenesis in liquid and solid media, with the shoots of woody (Akram and Aftab, 2016) and medicinal (Hailu et al., 2022) plants tending to grow longer and quicker in liquid medium. The abundant shoot formation of P. minima in the present study is therefore consistent with previous reports describing the efficacious role of liquid medium (Akram and Aftab, 2016;Hailu et al., 2022). ...
... We and others have investigated multiple aspects of shoot organogenesis in liquid and solid media, with the shoots of woody (Akram and Aftab, 2016) and medicinal (Hailu et al., 2022) plants tending to grow longer and quicker in liquid medium. The abundant shoot formation of P. minima in the present study is therefore consistent with previous reports describing the efficacious role of liquid medium (Akram and Aftab, 2016;Hailu et al., 2022). Moreover, shoot regeneration is more pronounced in the Erlenmeyer flask, which is also in line with previous reports describing how culturing vessels with larger volume are effective for fast shoot formation in liquid medium (Kaçar et al., 2010). ...
... Plant micropropagation reports in Ethiopia should thus pay attention to these presumed controversies and contribute their share to address some of the existing controversies in order to expand the application of micropropagation with the desired repeatability and standards. Diverse plant species including cereals, oil crops, spices, medicinal plants, high-value crops, fruit plants, root crops, and endangered multipurpose shrubs were utilized in various forms of plant micropropagation in Ethiopia [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20], [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31], [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42], [43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55]. Critical assessment of these studies would facilitate the development of repeatable protocols that have wide applications. ...
... Described above. e overall stated objectives and results of some of the representative micropropagation studies made so far are provided in Table 3. e stated objectives and results of the various micropropagation studies have wide coverage and include virus cleaning and disease-free plantlet production, screening for salt-tolerant plants, in vitro micropropagation of medicinal and high-value crops, identification of better microtuber induction under various levels of sucrose, optimization of various concentrations of sterilants and plant growth regulators, and in vitro conservations [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20], [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31], [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42], [43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55]. Other objectives include hormonal and media treatments to overcome hyperhydricity (vitrification) of micropropagated shoots [17]. ...
... As a continuation of these, the recent studies (2021/2022) covered the effect of MS medium strength, sucrose concentration, and pH level on shoot multiplication and root formation [21], in vitro propagation protocol for rapid regeneration of high-value crops like sugarcane using a completely randomized design with factorial arrangement [30]. In these studies, treatments with growth regulators had an overall positive impact on all parameters measured but with better performance due to growth regulator types, their concentrations, and combinations for the particular plant species studied [34][35][36][37][38][39]. BAP, IBA, IAA, and NAA were the predominantly used plant growth hormones and are followed by 2-4 D, TDZ, IMA, and GA3. ...
Plant micropropagation research in Ethiopia requires concerted efforts to meet desired levels of application for sustainable utilization of the country's diverse plant genetic resources. The purpose of the present review is to provide an update on the results of plant micropropagation conducted so far in Ethiopia. It assessed their strengths and identified gaps in order to standardize research methods and indicate future research directions. Two cereals, three oil crops, three spices, five medicinal plants, two high-value crops, six fruit plants, nine root crops, and one endangered multipurpose shrub were reviewed. The assessment of previously published research was carried out in terms of methods used in the selection of ex plants and their disinfestations, culture vessels, and media used with a variety of combinations and concentrations of plant growth regulators, macro- and micronutrient requirements, culture environments, and genetic stability of regenerated plantlets. Further assessments include the utilization of plant growth-promoting microbes and applications of “omics” research in order to establish standardized, efficient, and cost-effective micropropagation techniques. The findings of the assessments are summarized and current advances are highlighted, along with recommendations for future plant micropropagation studies in the country.
... Several studies have reported that the combination of auxin and cytokinin significantly increased plant growth. A study by Hailu et al. [36] found that the combination of BAP and IBA significantly increased the shoot induction percentage, number of leaves and number of shoots of Aframomum corrorima. Besides that, the synergistic effect between auxin and cytokinin on shoot growth was also reported on Petunia hybrida [37]. ...
Curcuma caesia Roxb., commonly known as Kali Haldi or black turmeric, is one of the important species in the genus Curcuma. This species has been classified as one of the endangered Curcuma species due to the drastic decrement of this plant in its natural habitat. C. caesia has been overharvested for various purposes, including bioactive compound extraction to fulfill the pharmaceutical industry demand. Hence, this study was conducted to establish a protocol for the propagation of C. caesia via plant tissue culture techniques. In the shoot induction stage, three basal medium formulations, including Murashige and Skoog (MS medium), the combination of Murashige and Skoog macronutrients and B5 micronutrients (MSB5 medium) and woody plant medium (WPM medium) supplemented with 15 μM of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), were used. The results found that the MSB5 medium was the most suitable basal medium formulation for shoot induction of C. caesia. In the subsequent experiment, different types of cytokinin, including BAP, kinetin and 2-iP at concentrations of 5, 10, 15 and 20 μM, were fortified in the MSB5 medium for shoot multiplication. The shoot multiplication was further enhanced by supplementing the MSB5 medium with indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) or 1-napthaleneacetic acid (NAA) at the concentrations of 2, 4, 6 and 8 μM. The results showed that a combination of 15 μM of BAP and 6 μM of IBA significantly increased the shoot multiplication with 100% shoot induction, 3.53 shoots/explant, 10.81 cm of shoot length, 9.57 leaves, 0.486 g of leaves fresh weight and 0.039 g of leaves dry weight. After the multiplication, the rooting stage was carried out by altering the basal medium strength into half and full strength and supplementing with 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10 μM of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). The full strength of MSB5 medium supplemented with 5 μM of IAA exhibited the highest number of roots and length of roots, with 6.13 roots and 5.37 cm, respectively. After the rooting stage, the plantlets were successfully acclimatized in the potting medium with the combination of cocopeat and peatmoss, and the ratio of 1:1 was found to produce the highest survival rate with 77.78%. In conclusion, the protocol established in this study could be useful for large-scale raw material production, either for conservation or bioactive compound extraction.
