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The essential oil from the powder residual of dried bitter almond, a novel and environmentally-friendly fungicide, was successfully extracted in a 0.7% yield by hydro-distillation under optimized conditions. The chemical composition of bitter almond essential oil (BAEO) was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Twenty-one differ...
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Context 1
... comparing the protective effect of BAEO (Table 6) against Gloeosporium orbiculare with that of therapeutic effect (Table 7), in general, a tendency of gradually increasing activity was observed in most cases when the concentration of BAEO was increased from 4 to 12 mg/mL (Figures 4 and 5); the growth trend of the former was much faster than that of the latter, hence BAEO could be utilized to protect cucumber from fungal invasion. There was an abnormal phenomenon for Gloeosporium orbiculare in that the protective efficacy of BAEO at 12 mg/mL was less than that of BAEO at 10 mg/mL, which presumably indicates that higher concentrations of BAEO may lead to tissue damage and infection spread. ...
Context 2
... results from Tables 6-9 and Figures 4 and 5 suggested that the control efficacy of BAEO for Gloeosporium orbiculare was better than that of Blumeria graminis. Furthermore, the protective action of BAEO for Gloeosporium orbiculare was much stronger than that of Blumeria graminis, while the therapeutic action for the former was a little higher than that of the latter. ...
Context 3
... results from Tables 6-9 and Figures 4 and 5 suggested that the control efficacy of BAEO for Gloeosporium orbiculare was better than that of Blumeria graminis. Furthermore, the protective action of BAEO for Gloeosporium orbiculare was much stronger than that of Blumeria graminis, while the therapeutic action for the former was a little higher than that of the latter. ...
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Citations
... Based on pomological traits, almonds are classified into two groups which are sweet almonds, referred to as "Prunus amygdalus dulcis", and bitter almonds referred to as "Prunus amygdalus amarus". Bitter almond is mostly used as rootstock for almond seedlings (Yada et al. 2011) and is also used in cosmetics and medicine for its special oil (Geng et al. 2016). Some studies have reported a large variation in the chemical composition of almonds, depending on the cultivars and fractions analyzed (Čolić et al. 2019;Yada et al. 2011;Oliveira 2019). ...
Almonds are one of the most popular and widely consumed tree nuts in the world, prized for their taste, texture, and nutritional benefits. However, the quality and characteristics of almonds can vary significantly depending on the variety and growing conditions. In this context, a comparative study was conducted to explore the nut quality traits of almond local and foreign cultivars, as well as their F1 hybrid offspring resulting from crossbreeding. “Nut quality” is a dynamic concept changing based on consumer needs and perceptions that reflect sociocultural evolution. The aim of this study was to identify the most promising almond varieties and hybrids based on some nut quality traits including macro–micro elements and tocopherol contents. To accomplish this goal, samples were collected from local (Gulcan 2 and Nurlu) and foreign (Lauranne and Guara) almond cultivars, as well as F1 hybrid offspring resulting in two cross-breading (“Gulcan 2 × Lauranne” and “Guara × Nurlu”), and conducted a comprehensive analysis using high-performance liquid chromatography and atomic absorption spectroscopy. Our results showed that the nut quality traits of almonds can vary significantly among different cultivars and hybrids, with some varieties and hybrids exhibiting superior characteristics compared to others. These findings provide important insights into the potential for improving almond quality through crossbreeding and the development of new varieties with improved characteristics which can help inform breeding programs and improve the quality of almonds available in the market.
... Bitter almond essential oils have had an effective effect against Gloeosporium orbiclee fungi [4]. The oil contains macro-and microelements important in its composition, indicating that it has antimicrobial and antioxidant properties [5][6][7][8]. ...
The wild almond (Amygdalus nana L.) seeds from the Nurota district in the Navoi region of the mountains have been used, and the extraction of the seed oil was established using the cold-pressing method. The main physical-chemical indicators of the oil were defined. The composition of the oil, including the induction of the oil and argon plasma emissions, as well as the fatty acid components, were studied using chromatographic and spectrometric methods, and elemental analysis was carried out. The macroelements (Ca, Na, Al, P, K) and micronutrients (Fe, Cu, Zn, Se, Mn, Co, Ni) present in the oil composition were determined. Additionally, a microbiological purity assessment and a quantitative analysis of the heavy metals present in the oil content were conducted.
... Although the three aldehyde precursors used in this study are commercially available chemicals, they can be directly extracted from natural origins, and so, highlight the integration of natureinspired aldehydes in the synthetic route of these materials. For example, Benzaldehyde (1a) could be extracted from bitter almond oil [32], furaldehyde (1b) is a product of dehydration of sugars from corncobs, oats and wheat bran [33] and trans cinnamaldehyde (1c) could be obtained from the bark of cinnamon tree [34]. After in situ cleavage of the acetyl groups, the intermediates 2a, 2b and 2c were obtained in good yields, respectively, 60, 80 and 50% yields. ...
... Although the three aldehyde precursors used in this study are commercially available chemicals, they can be directly extracted from natural origins, and so, highlight the integration of nature-inspired aldehydes in the synthetic route of these materials. For example, Benzaldehyde (1a) could be extracted from bitter almond oil [32], furaldehyde (1b) is a product of dehydration of sugars from corncobs, oats and wheat bran [33] and trans cinnamaldehyde (1c) could be obtained from the bark of cinnamon tree [34]. After in situ cleavage of the acetyl groups, the intermediates 2a, 2b and 2c were obtained in good yields, respectively, 60, 80 and 50% yields. ...
Quinoid single molecules are regarded as promising materials for electronic applications due to their tunable chemical structure-driven properties. A series of three single bio-inspired quinoid materials containing para-azaquinodimethane (p-AQM) moiety were designed, synthesized and characterized. AQM1, AQM2 and AQM3, prepared using aldehydes derived from almonds, corncobs and cinnamon, respectively, were studied as promising quinoid materials for optoelectronic applications. The significance of facile synthetic procedures is highlighted through a straightforward two-step synthesis, using Knoevenagel condensation. The synthesized molecules showed molar extinction coefficients of 22,000, 32,000 and 61,000 L mol−1 cm−1, respectively, for AQM1, AQM2 and AQM3. The HOMO-LUMO energy gaps were calculated experimentally, theoretically showing the same trends: AQM3 < AQM2 < AQM1. The role of the aryl substituent was studied and showed an impact on the electronic properties. DFT calculations show planar structures with quinoidal bond length alternation, in agreement with the experimental results. Finally, these bio-based materials showed high thermal stabilities between 290 °C and 340 °C and a glassy behavior after the first heating–cooling scan. These results highlight these bio-based single molecules as potential candidates for electronic or biomedical applications.
... Experimental evidence indicated that some of the volatile oil mixtures extracted from plants such as Eupatorium adenophorum (Liu et al. 2017a, Liu et al. 2017b, Armeniaca sibirica (Geng et al. 2016), Vitex agnus-castus (Rahmati et al. 2021) and are involved in the prevention and control of fungal diseases. E. adenophorum volatile oils had a good inhibition effect on Pythium myriotylum, and GC/MS identified twelve compounds of the volatile oils; the main components were 10Hβ-9-oxo-agerophorone (37.03%), 10Hα-9-oxo-agerophorone (37.73%) and 9-oxo-10, 11-dehydro-agerophorone (23.41%) (Liu et al. 2017b). ...
... E. adenophorum volatile oils had a good inhibition effect on Pythium myriotylum, and GC/MS identified twelve compounds of the volatile oils; the main components were 10Hβ-9-oxo-agerophorone (37.03%), 10Hα-9-oxo-agerophorone (37.73%) and 9-oxo-10, 11-dehydro-agerophorone (23.41%) (Liu et al. 2017b). Twenty-one different components of A. sibirica volatile oils were identified, the highest components were benzaldehyde (62.52%), benzoic acid (14.80%) and hexadecane (3.97%), and the volatile oils showed a good inhibitory against F. oxysporum and Alternaria solani (Geng et al. 2016). Penicillium digitatum and P. italicum can be effectively inhibited by Vitex agnus-castus volatile oils, and the volatile oils contain rich phenols (91.74 mg GAE/g) and flavonoids (52.32 mg QE/g) (Rahmati-Joneidabad et al. 2021). ...
... The in vivo antifungal activity of BAEO against Gloeosporium orbiculare was much higher than Blumeria graminis also against Gloeosporium orbiculare. The above results indicated that BAEO has the great potential to be developed as a botanical and 33 agricultural fungicide. ...
... In this work, five naturally occurring aldehyde compounds (cinnamaldehyde, CA; benzaldehyde, BZ; vanillin, VL; citral, CT; citronellal, CN) were selected to fabricate aldehyde-chitosan Schiff bases; these compounds are the main aroma components of cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume) EOs [28], bitter almond (Prunus amygdalus var. Amara) EOs [29], vanilla (Vanilla planifolia Andrew) EOs [30], Litsea cubeba EOs [31], and citronella (Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt.) EOs [32], respectively. ...
The aim of the present work was to fabricate Schiff base compounds between chitosan and aldehydes and use the resultant aldehyde-chitosan Schiff bases for broccoli preservation. Using an element analyzer, the degree of substitution was calculated as 68.27–94.65%. The aldehyde-chitosan Schiff bases showed acidic sensitivity to rapid hydrolysis for releasing aldehyde at a buffer solution of pH 4–6, in which more than 39% of the aldehydes were released within 10 h. The release of aldehydes endows the aldehyde-chitosan Schiff bases with a better antibacterial activity at pH 5 than at pH 7. In a simulated CO2 (5–15%) atmosphere with high humidity (92%), the hydrolysis of imine bonds (C=N) was triggered and continuously released aldehyde, even without direct contact with the aqueous phase. The application of aldehyde-chitosan Schiff bases significantly extended the shelf life of broccoli from 4 d to 5–7 d and decreased the weight loss of broccoli during storage. In summary, the fabrication of aldehyde-chitosan Schiff bases and the strategy of using pH-response imine bond (C=N) hydrolysis (thus releasing aldehyde to kill microorganisms) were feasible for use in developing EO-incorporated intelligent food packages for vegetable preservation.
... Limited studies were reported on the antifungal and antibacterial effects of Gossypium hirsutum and Prunus dulcis. Geng et al. [46] reported Prunus dulcisresi dual form carries essential oil that is an environmentally friendly and innovative fungicide. Ghaffar et al. [47] reported that Crude oil of two hybrids of Gossypium hirsutum showed lower antibacterial activity and strong antifungal potential. ...
... Such oil is recommended for skin rejuvenation, moisturizing, wrinkle removal in body, foot skin, face and hair care. It acts against skin inflammation by increasing skin porosity [15][16][17]. The constant application of almond oil rejuvenates the skin of the face and protects it from the effects of sunlight. ...
The study used bitter almonds (Amygdalus communis L. Varietas amara D.C.) obtained by cold pressing medicinal nails grown in Navoi region using oil (Calendula officinalis L.) - with the participation of flowers, the extraction process was carried out by maceration (in a ratio of 1:10). The resulting oil extract was studied by its elemental composition, chromatographic analysis of its fatty acids, microbiological purity, chemical and physical constants.
... These types include for example: almonds (Prunus dulcis L.); apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.); nectarine and peach (Prunus persica L.); plum (Prunus domestica L.); blackthorn (Prunus spinosa L.); laurel (Prunus nobilis L.) and cherry laurel (Prunus laurocerasus L.). Benzaldehyde has been found to occur naturally in various fruits such as peaches (Verma et al., 2017), black currants (Eksi Karaagac et al., 2021), strawberries (Klatt et al., 2013), grapes (Petretto et al., 2021), and raspberries (Aprea et al., 2015).Benzaldehyde has been reported to occur in several essential oils: hyacynth, citronella, orris, cinnamon, sassafras, labdanum, and patchouli(Burdock, 2010), bitter almond oil(Geng et al., 2016) and cananga oil(Kristiawan et al., 2008). It is a colourless liquid with a characteristic almond scent. ...
Aim
Benzaldehyde occurs in a number of plants, especially in the family Rosaceae and in particular in the genus Prunus . In nature, there are more than 100 genera and 3,000 species in the Rosaceae family. The objective of this study was to investigate the chemical composition of leaf essential oil of peach ( Prunus persica L.) and cherry laurel ( Prunus laurocerasus L.) as a new potential source of natural benzaldehyde.
Methods
The essential oil was prepared by hydrodistillation, and chemical constituents were determined by GC-FID, GC-MS and chromatographic profiles were compared with each other.
Results
The results show that essential oil obtained from peach and cherry laurel leaves appear to be a promising source of natural benzaldehyde. Under laboratory conditions the benzaldehyde content in peach and cherry laurel leaves reached 95.5% and 99.7%, respectively.
Conclusions
Laboratory and pilot experiments confirmed that by processing of 200–300 kg of green leaves of various species of the genus Prunus , especially peach and cherry laurel, 1 kg of benzaldehyde can be obtained.
... The in vivo antifungal activity of BAEO against Gloeosporium orbiculare was much higher than Blumeria graminis also against Gloeosporium orbiculare. The above results indicated that BAEO has the great potential to be developed as a botanical and 33 agricultural fungicide. ...
