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Mesoscopic superconducting particles can be used as a model material for the cognition of the properties of a possible superconducting cosmic dust. In order to acquire the desired fraction between 1–10 µm, the method of the grain size separation based on wet sedimentation in isopropanol was developed for the Bi1.8Pb0.26Sr2Ca2Cu3O10+x (BSCCO) high-t...
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... synthesized and milled BSCCO powder with stoichiometry Bi 1 Fig. 1) with the corresponding chemical composition. Carbon (0.2 wt.%) was also detected originating mainly from the conductive carbon tape, although the presence of residual carbonates is also possible. The ref- erence BSCCO powder contained particles of all sizes from few micrometers to more than 100 m. A higher magnification showed that ...Citations
... It is interesting to know how substitution of M 3+ trivalent cations with boron ions in M 3+ Sr 2 Ca n-1 Cu n O 2n+3 and Bi-Pb-Sr-Ca-Cu-O systems affects the superconducting properties in compounds synthesized without high pressure factors and for comparison by substitution of other valent cations [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39]. ...
The crystal structures of type 1234 and 2234 are not found in compositions Bi1-xBxSr2Ca3Cu4Oy and Bi2-xBxSr2Ca3Cu4Oy after synthesis under conditions of ambient pressure P = 1 bar and T = 835 °C for τ = 240 h. This conclusion is obtained as a result of the fact that the series of bismuth superconductors Bi1-xBxSr2Ca3Cu4Oy, Bi2-xBxSr2Ca3Cu4Oy, Bi2-xBxSr2Ca2Cu3Oy, Bi1.7-xBxPb0.3Sr2Ca2Cu3Oy with different boron content x = 0-2 were synthesized followed by slow (rate < 10 °C/sec) cooling or quenching (< 100 °C/sec). Samples of Bi1.7-xBxPb0.3Sr2Ca2Cu3Oy with a boron content of x = 0.5 have a significant (> 35%) proportion of the superconducting phase 2223, regardless of the accuracy of observing the temperature modes of synthesis (in temperature ranges < ±10 °C) and cooling after it. A model of the effect of boron on phase equilibrium in Bi-Pb-Sr-Ca-Cu-O system is proposed using the process of boron-bismuth glass formation. Therefore, the boron addition during the synthesis of bismuth superconductors will increase the production process reproducibility of phase 2223. Also, this technology can be used at the synthesis of superconductors from the boron-bismuth not very enriched ores in conditions of limited available resources.
... Diketahui bahwa unsur penyusun CuCr2O4 yakni CuO dan Cr2O3 merupakan senyawa berbasis metal oksida juga memiliki sejumlah sifat fisika dan kimia unggul. CuO telah dikenal luas sebagai komponen utama yang memainkan peranan penting dalam pembentukan material kuprat yang bersifat sebagai superkonduktor bersuhu kritis tinggi [9]. Sedangkan Cr2O3 memiliki aplikasi sebagai senyawa penyusun utama pada penampil kristal cair (LCD) dikarenakan daya tahannya terhadap perkenaan suhu lingkungan yang sangat tinggi diatas suhu 1.000 o C [10]. ...
Nanopartikel spinel oksida CuCr2O4 memiliki sejumlah sifat fisika dan kimia yang telah diaplikasikan dalam beragam sektor teknologi. Proses produksi dari material CuCr2O4 yang memanfaatkan reaksi termal yang umumnya lebih rendah dibandingkan tingkat ketahanan termal dari material CuCr2O4 yakni di suhu 1.000oC. Penelitian ini berusaha untuk menguji pengaruh suhu sintering yang berada di 1.000oC sebagai rentang suhu uji terhadap kontributor struktur di skala kristal. Metode sintesis dalam memproduksi material yakni sol-gel serta karakterisasi untuk mengungkap informasi kristal yakni difraksi sinar X (XRD) dengan metode analisa Rietveld Refinement . Diketahui bahwa eksistensi ganda dari dua struktur kristal CuCr2O4 muncul, dengan dominasi berasal dari struktur β2-CuCr2O4. Impuritas yang berasal dari komponen lain yakni CuCrO2 juga dapat dideteksi dengan fraksi volume yang tidak dominan dibandingkan komponen utama pada β2-CuCr2O4.
... Previous studies have shown that there are [16] in a wide range of light intensity: ...
Micro nanotechnology refers to the emerging technology of material production using a single atomic or molecular structure. The structure and size of materials range from one to 100 microns or nanometers. In this paper, micro nanotechnology is used to study the aesthetic practice of sculpture technology and architectural sculpture art. This paper aims to combine traditional art ideas with science and technology to promote common development. This paper first introduces the micro nanoengraving technology and architectural sculpture art, it includes the definition of works, classification of works, and research on artistic commonalities and differences, and then summarizes the characteristics of micro nanoengraving materials. Finally, this paper will carry out aesthetic practice of sculpture works based on micro nanocreation. Finally, this paper compares with the works created by traditional technology. The results show that the recognition and creativity evaluation of sculpture works based on micro nanocreation have reached more than 8 points. It verifies the effectiveness of the technology.
... It is clear from SEM & TEM images for the inter-planar distances were ranging from a few nm, which were assigned to the lattice planes for the orthorhombic crystal structure, which confirmed XRD data. HTSC materials, especially BSCCO phases has double or triple CuO 2 planes, have remarkable microstructural and morphological characteristics due to its incommensurate modulation structure (which is common for these perovskite materials [57,58,59]). On the other hand, the obtained Fig. (4c) shows that Bi 2 Te 3 nanoparticles were embedded into the grains of BSCCO polycrystalline materials or more practically between its planes. ...
... Uncited references [58]. ...
The polycrystalline granular BSCCO high Tc superconductors (HTSC) have limitations in various applications. These limitations appear due to the flux pinning's weakness and the weak links between the grains comparatively in high temperatures and high applied magnetic fields.Bi2Te3 nanoparticles are artificially introduced into the Bi-2223 HTCS matrix to be employed as effective flux pinning centers to enhance the flux pinning capability and the critical current density. The effect of the additive of Bi2Te3 nanoparticles on the structural and physical properties of Bi-2223 were investigated for the polycrystalline (Bi1.6Pb0.4Sr2Ca2Cu3O10+δ)1-x/(Bi2Te3)x where (x = 0.00,0.01,0.02& 0.03). The phase structure/formation, volume fraction, the lattice constants were described by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) measurements. Diamagnetic signal has been investigated with two onset temperatures (Tc1&Tc2) for the common BSCCO phases (Bi-2223 and Bi-2212) which confirm the XRD obtained data without any indication for unwanted impurities. The magnetic interactions between Bi2Te3 nanoparticles addition and the superconductor matrix are discussed at 5 and 50 K. The relation between the microstructure, BSCCO phase's contents, the hysteresis loops, the calculated critical current densities, and the flux densities were also reported for the samples. Nano-Bi2Te3 shows a great impact on the BSCCO superconducting properties and influences its flux densities and the flux pinning mechanisms as reported experimentally and theoretically. Consequently, the additive of Bi2Te3 nanoparticles must be carefully controlled to balance the microstructure and superconducting parameters of the BSCCO HTSC.
The type and parameters of electrical cables have a significant impact on their fire hazards. Electrical cables are divided into two main categories: power cables (current transmission) and signal cables (data, control and signal cables). Optical cables belong to a separate group. From a design point of view, electrical cables are divided into axial and coaxial cables. Most electrical cables can be ignited (by an external heat source), allow the spread of flame over their surfaces and contribute to the development of a fire similar to most organic substances, materials and products. In addition, electrical power cables may be ignition sources or the cause of a fire (due to Joule heating). The most important parameters of electrical cables are the conductor material (copper or aluminium), the cross-sectional area of the conductors, the type of conductors (solid or stranded) and the polymer components used (insulation, bedding and sheath). The conductor material and its cross-sectional area determines the electrical resistance of the cable. The type of polymer components used determines the insulation resistance and its reaction to fire class. The conductor material and cross-sectional area, together with the polymer components determines the current carrying capacity of the cable and the resistance of the cable to physical (for example, temperature or ultraviolet radiation) or chemical (for example, acids and hydroxides) factors.
