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Four-channel 25-Gb/s direct modulation of a 1.3-μm surface-emitting laser array with a surface mountable device structure was demonstrated. The fabricated laser array, which consists of InGaAlAs-MQW DFB stripes, exhibited a total output of 100 Gb/s with collimated optical outputs.
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Citations
... To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first 25Gb/s laser driver designed in CMOS, using a commercial DML laser diode. [6]. **uses commercial laser + The FOM is defined as power efficiency divided by LD modulation current [7]. ...
... The second issue is improving transmission quality to satisfy the severe loss and jitter budgets at a data rate of 50 Gb/s. Two types of directly modulated LDs, namely, a VCSEL and a distributed feedback LD (DFB-LD), are possible candidates for an optical source [6], [14]. A VCSELbased optical link frequently suffers from the non-linear effects of LDs, which are caused by variable LD bandwidth [15], [16]. ...
... A photograph of the fabricated 50-Gb/s optical transmitter, which consists of a DFB-LD and the LD driver chip, is shown in Fig. 16. By integrating a monolithic lens, the DFB-LD provides surface-emitting characteristic, which achieves low-profiling packaging via an optical connector with a 90-degree bend [14]. The DFB-LD and LD driver chip were flip-chip mounted on an alumina ceramic package with thickness of 100 μm. ...
A 50-Gb/s optical transmitter, consisting of a 25-Gb/s-class lens-integrated DFB-LD (with -3-dB bandwidth of 20 GHz) and a LD-driver chip based on 0.18-μm SiGe BiCMOS technology for inter and intra-rack transmissions, was developed and tested. The DFB-LD and LD driver chip are flip-chip mounted on an alumina ceramic package. To suppress inter-symbol interference due to a shortage of the DFB-LD bandwidth and signal reflection between the DFB-LD and the package, the LD driver includes a two-tap pre-emphasis circuit and a high-speed termination circuit. Operating at a data rate of 50 Gb/s, the optical transmitter enhances LD bandwidth and demonstrated an eye opening with jitter margin of 0.23 UI. Power efficiency of the optical transmitter at a data rate of 50 Gb/s is16.2mW/Gb/s. Copyright © 2016 The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers.
... longer than 30km, the optical loss of 1310nm signals in the SMF needs more consideration than the CD [2]. For compensating the extra loss, lasers with higher output power and larger dynamic extinction ratio (ER) [3,4] are required, or photodiodes with higher optical sensitivity are employed [5]. Semiconductor Optical Amplifier (SOA) is used as a preamplifier at the receiver side to extend the distance [2,6], but it's not an optimized choice for a preamplifier due to high noise figure (NF) and also increases the system cost. ...
By using optical duo-binary (ODB) modulation format, we have demonstrated 4×25-Gbps WDM transmission over 40- km SMFs at 1550nm without dispersion compensation and optical amplification, which could be a cost-effective candidate for 100GE applications.
A 50-Gb/s optical receiver (RX) based on 0.18-μm SiGe BiCMOS technology was fabricated and evaluated. To improve the horizontal eye opening and sensitivity of the RX without degrading its power efficiency, it is configured with a two-stage pre-amplifier with high gain (56 dBΩ) and high bandwidth (35 GHz), a high-accuracy automatic decision-threshold control (ATC) consisting of power-supply variation and offset cancellers for improving sensitivity, and a jitter-reduction packaging structure for improving transimpedance flatness. The RX achieves high sensitivity of -9.2 dBm, while its power consumption is 7.9 pJ/bit at a data rate of 50 Gb/s. In 50- and 56-Gb/s transmission tests through a 100-m multi-mode fiber (MMF), it demonstrated error-free operation at the bit error rate (BER) of less than 10-12 with the sensitivities of -9 and -6.1 dBm optical modulation amplitude (OMA). It also demonstrated 300-m error-free MMF transmission (at 50 Gb/s) with the practical sensitivity of -7.6 dBm OMA.
A 50-Gb/s optical transmitter, consisting of a DFB-LD with a bandwidth of 20 GHz and a SiGe BiCMOS LD driver, was developed. At 43-50 Gb/s, it enhanced a LD bandwidth and demonstrated wide eye openings.
Multiple-wavelength 25-Gb/s operation of a 1.3-μm-range surface-emitting laser array was demonstrated. The fabricated laser array, which consists of nine distributed-feedback (DFB) active stripes operating between 1260 and 1290 nm at 3.7-nm intervals exhibited clear 25-Gb/s eye openings.
