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The biological impact of ionizing radiation (IR) on humans depends not only on the physical properties and absorbed dose of radiation but also on the unique susceptibility of the exposed individual. A critical target of IR is DNA, and the DNA damage response is a safeguard mechanism for maintaining genomic integrity in response to the induced cellu...
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... question-driven (hypothesis-generating) high-throughput genetic screening studies, set to explore the unknown in an unbiased manner, have been more prominent with the development of critical "omics"-related technologies such as RNA-sequencing, microarray, RNAi, and CRISPR-Cas9. The high-throughput screening can identify novel genes or regulators of specific phenotypes and generate novel hypotheses that can be validated in low-throughput mechanistic and functional studies (Figure 1). genes or regulators of specific phenotypes and generate novel hypotheses that can be validated in low-throughput mechanistic and functional studies (Figure 1). ...
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... high-throughput screening can identify novel genes or regulators of specific phenotypes and generate novel hypotheses that can be validated in low-throughput mechanistic and functional studies (Figure 1). genes or regulators of specific phenotypes and generate novel hypotheses that can be validated in low-throughput mechanistic and functional studies (Figure 1). Using high-throughput gene expression methods, several studies have identified genes that influence the response to radiation. ...
Citations
... Radiotherapy is an effective cancer treatment, and several molecular signaling mechanisms, including the DNA-damage-response (DDR), have been linked to radioresistance in cervical cancer [61]. Independent investigations using high-throughput screening have also observed DDR gene-expression pattern alterations in cervical cancer tissues or cell lines resistant to infrared radiation [62]. For example, radioresistant cervical carcinoma has increased nonhomologous end-joining proteins [63], which provides insight into the molecular pathways driving DDR-related radioresistance. ...
b> Background: Cancer is a major cause of death worldwide. Although modern medicine has made strides in treatment, a complete cure for cancer remains elusive. Summary: Utilization of medicinal plants in traditional medicine for the treatment of multiple diseases, including cancer, is a well-established practice. Sinomenine is an alkaloid extracted from a medicinal plant and has a diverse range of biological properties, including anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial effects. Sinomenine exhibits inhibitory effects on various types of tumor cells, including breast, lung, and liver cancers. The anticancer properties of sinomenine are believed to involve stimulation of apoptosis and autophagy as well as suppression of cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. Key Message: This review summarizes the current research on sinomenine’s potential as an anticancer agent, which may contribute to the discovery of more effective cancer treatments.
... Recent advances in molecular techniques allow genome-wide screening technologies to be developed to explore genes that impact individual radiosensitivity. Tamaddondoust et al. summarized the most recent studies that have used a whole-genome analysis by DNA microarray analysis, RNA sequencing, siRNA library and CRISPR-Cas9, identifying genes that impact radiosensitivity [9]. Zhao et al. demonstrated a novel molecular target for breast cancer radioresistance [10]. ...
... Radioresistant hypoxia Hypoxia cell sensitizer [7], High-LET radiation [16] Radioresistant cancer cells Modulating DDR for radiosensitization [9] Cancer stem cells Reducing stemness by modulating responsive genes [10] Combination with chemotherapeutic agents Efficient drug delivery system [12] Normal tissue damage Intestine damage Modulation of microbiota to reduce toxicity [5] Brain injury ...
The Special Issue, entitled “From basic radiobiology to translational radiotherapy”, highlights recent advances in basic radiobiology and the potential to improve radiotherapy in translational research [...]
Liver cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world and a primary cause of cancer-related death. In recent years, despite the great development of diagnostic methods and targeted therapies for liver cancer, the incidence and mortality of liver cancer are still on the rise. As a universal post-transcriptional modification, N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification accomplishes a dynamic and reversible m6A modification process, which is executed by three types of regulators, methyltransferases (called writers), demethylases (called erasers) and m6A-binding proteins (called readers). Many studies have shown that m6A RNA methylation has an important impact on RNA metabolism, whereas its regulation exception is bound up with the occurrence of human malignant tumors. Aberrant methylation of m6A RNA and the expression of related regulatory factors may be of the essence in the pathogenesis and progression of liver cancer, yet the precise molecular mechanism remains unclear. In this paper, we review the current research situations of m6A methylation in liver cancer. Among the rest, we detail the mechanism by which methyltransferases, demethylases and m6A binding proteins regulate the occurrence and development of liver cancer by modifying mRNA. As well as the potential effect of m6A regulators in hepatocarcinogenesis and progression. New ideas and approaches will be given to the prevention and treatment of liver cancer through the following relevant research results.
