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![Schematic representation of the different types of composite materials generated on the basis of the interactions of the silicate layers with polymer matrices. (a) the separation of the small boat stage, (b) nanocomposite intercalated and (c) nanocomposite crusting [5].](publication/343623669/figure/fig2/AS:11431281102830726@1669542339236/Schematic-representation-of-the-different-types-of-composite-materials-generated-on-the.jpg)
Schematic representation of the different types of composite materials generated on the basis of the interactions of the silicate layers with polymer matrices. (a) the separation of the small boat stage, (b) nanocomposite intercalated and (c) nanocomposite crusting [5].
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![Fig.1: Unsaturated polyester [9].](publication/343623669/figure/fig1/AS:11431281102837054@1669542339204/Unsaturated-polyester-9_Q320.jpg)
The composites were manufactured and study the effect of addition of filler (nanoparticles SiO2 treated with silane) at different weight ratios (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5) %, on electrical, mechanical and thermal properties. Materials were mixed with each other using an ultrasound, and then pour the mixture into the molds to suit all measurements. The elect...
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... complete delaminated sheet filler in primary size of the nanometer scale, where arise spaces between of the platelets causes loss patrol the arrangement for platelets completely. This happens when the electrostatic forces of interaction between the plates has been completely overcome by the polymer chains in the composite material as shown in Fig. 2 [5]. This research aims to study the properties of unsaturated polyester resin, reinforced surface treatment silica nanoparticles for use in industrial fields. A number of ceramics, polymers, such as isolators and / or capacitors are used; because they have a high degree of stability in its dimensions and distinctive mechanical ...
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... The mechanism of material failure due to rapid stresses it experiences is one of the most significant mechanical properties that many researchers have shown interest in studying. Polymeric materials may exhibit resilience to static stresses and appear more brittle under the influence of rapid stresses, such as UPE [45][46]. The increase in fracture energy can be attributed to good adhesion in the interface region between the base material and the reinforcement material [47]. ...
This study focuses on producing wood-plastic composites using unsaturated polyester resin reinforced with Pistacia vera shell particles and wood industry waste powder. Composites with reinforcement ratios of 0%, 20%, 30%, and 40% were prepared and tested for thermal conductivity, impact strength, hardness, and compressive strength. The results revealed that thermal conductivity increases with reinforcement, while maintaining good thermal insulation, reaching a peak value of 0.633453 W/m·K. Hardness decreased with increased reinforcement, reaching a minimum nominal hardness value of 0.9479. Meanwhile, impact strength and compressive strength improved, with peak values of 14.103 k/m² and 57.3864568 MPa, respectively. The main aim is to manufacture eco-friendly wood-plastic composites suitable for structural use, addressing environmental concerns by recycling wood waste. This research aims to contribute to sustainability by creating materials for decorative elements or secondary roofing, minimizing the environmental impact of wood waste, and promoting eco-friendly alternatives for daily use.
... The mechanism of material failure due to rapid stresses it experiences is one of the most significant mechanical properties that many researchers have shown interest in studying. Polymeric materials may exhibit resilience to static stresses and appear more brittle under the influence of rapid stresses, such as UPE [45][46]. The increase in fracture energy can be attributed to good adhesion in the interface region between the base material and the reinforcement material [47]. ...
The 2A issue of volume 20 of the Iraqi Journal of Applied Physics (IJAP) has been released and can be browsed at the following link:
https://iasj.net/iasj/issue/17682
... Industrial and technological development depends largely on progress in the field of materials, and as a result of the great development that the world has witnessed in the field of materials; the need to find alternatives to materials used for multiple industries has arisen, as it is possible that these alternatives possess high quality specifications, such as light weight, low cost and unique properties, in order to be relied upon It is used in various industrial applications and as a result what is known today as composite materials were produced [1] [2]. Composite materials are the materials that consist of the continuous phase [3], which is the matrix material, which is responsible for binding and joining the reinforcement material, which is powders, fibers, flakes, etc., according to the application to be achieved [4] [5]. As a result of the great development witnessed by the world and compensation for engineering materials of various kinds, so researchers worked to improve polymeric materials and expand their use in many complex applications, where polymers today have become desirable in their qualities by mixing them with other polymers to form the Polymeric Blend. ...
... Zirconia is a metal oxide that has been widely utilize because of its good properties such as high flexural strength , excellent toughness, hardness and corrosion resistance, which make it a good choice for polymer reinforcement [7]. Many researchers studied the improvement the characterized of polymer by adding various fillers or fibers and they get excellent result, such as Aveen ansaif jassim [8], Widad H. Jassim [9], Afya Qasem Fadhel [10] , Mohammed M. Yahyaa [11], Shatha H. Mahdi [12], Mahmood Radhi Jobayr [13] and Abbas Karim Saadon [14]. ...
The goal of this study was to improve the mechanical and thermal properties of Poly-Methyl Meth Acrylate (PMMA) by adding Zirconia nanoparticles in various weight fraction percentages (0, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3)%. The cast technique was utilized of to prepare the (PMMA/zirconia) nanocomposites. The thermal and mechanical characterized of (PMMA/zirconia) nanocomposites were studied. Increased zirconia percentages in (PMMA/zirconia) nanocomposites lead to increase thermal conductivity (K), glass transition temperature, specific heat capacity (Cp), effusivity, impact strength, hardness, flexural strength, compressive strength and reduced wear rate, enhancing the thermal and mechanical properties of Poly-Methyl Meth Acrylate (PMMA).
... The highest value was (87.55) with a rate of (2.5%). The reason for the increase in hardness is due to the homogeneous distribution of pistachio shell powder among the unsaturated polyester resin chains and the cohesion strength between the matrix material and the reinforcement material [27] [28]. Thus, we obtained a compound that is more resistant to environmental factors than pure unsaturated polyester. ...
In this study, polyester composites reinforced with pistachio shells powder (P.) with an average diameter (150-200 μm) with different weight ratios (0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, and 2.5%) were prepared to the resin. The Shore D hardness, thermal conductivity (K), and the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the samples were examined. The results showed that the Shore D hardness increases with the increase of the reinforcement ratio and its maximum value is (87.55) at (2.5% P.) While the value of hardness at (0%) is (86.5). The thermal conductivity increases slightly with the increase in the percentage of reinforcement and its maximum value is (0.213253 W/ m. K) at (2.5% P.), while the value of K at (0% P.) is (0.170264W/ m. K), but with this slight increase in thermal conductivity, polyester composites remain from the insulating materials. The minimum (Tg) of (UPE/ P.) composites was the value (113.898°C) at (2.5% P.). Polyester composites are used in wood paints, either in primitive finishes or final finishes.
... Various methods for the generation of nanomaterials were revealed in the literature such as sol-gel [7], solid state reaction, [8] laser ablation [9], and chemical precipitation methods [10]. ...
In this work, the antibacterial effectiveness of face masks made from polypropylene, against Candida albicans and Pseudomonas aeruginosa pathogenic was improved by soaking in gold nanoparticles suspension prepared by a one-step precipitation method. The fabricated nanoparticles at different concentrations were characterized by UV-visible absorption and showed a broad surface Plasmon band at around 520 nm. The FE-SEM images showed the polypropylene fibres highly attached with the spherical AuNPs of diameters around 25 nm over the surfaces of the soaked fibres. The Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) of pure and treated face masks in AuNPs conform to the characteristics bands for the polypropylene bands. There are some differences in the FTIR patterns for samples containing AuNPs by decreasing band intensities and broadening the peaks by increasing the AuNPs concentration, resulting from the band formation between Au and methylene group in PP. The prepared AuNPs suspension showed decent antibacterial activity against Candida albicans. The antibacterial test showed improvement in the antibacterial of the mask samples soaked in AuNPs suspension against C.albicans and P.aeruginosa pathogenic.
... Various methods for the fabrication of nanomaterials were revealed in the literature review, including vaporization under vacuum, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), chemical deposition, sol-gel, solid-state reaction, and laser ablation [5,6,7]. ...
The emergence of new dangerous diseases worldwide has led to the need to think about the possibility of enhancing prevention by using new technologies. One of the most important requirements emphasized in the recent studies is the effectiveness of the masks against pathogenic bacteria. In this study, the efficiency of anti-infection protective face masks against bacteria was enhanced by using gold nanoparticles prepared by the chemical precipitation method. The absorption spectrum of the prepared gold suspension shows a clear plasmonic peak at 522 nm. The measurements showed that the sample was made of polypropylene fibers, where X-ray diffraction tests showed peaks matching its crystalline structure. Immersion with gold suspension led to the emergence of peaks belonging to the composition of gold. The immersion treatment increased Young's modulus from 36.5 to 61.7 Mpa. The antibacterial assay showed the efficacy of the samples against E-Coli bacteria with an inhibition zone of 3 cm.
Polymer blending technique is a promising solution for solving some critical industrial problems by gaining new desired properties for the newly formed materials. Blending various ratios of resole phenol formaldehyde (RPF)/unsaturated polyester (USPE), 10, 20, 30, to 90 wt %, were processed to optimize the mixing conditions by controlling time, temperature, and ratio of blending. In addition, the curing conditions of touch dry, full curing, shelf life, hardness and the steel–steel adhesive were investigated. The blend ratio RPF/USPE (70:30) was selected as an optimized sample at 150°C for 50 min. It was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, dynamic mechanical analysis, scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimeter. The curing process and the interactions between RPF and USPE were studied. Durability with artificial weather aging was evaluated visually and by measuring hardness which confirmed the prepared material is fit for outdoor uses. This work introduces a strategy to control the curing process, enhance the shelf life and adhesion properties for steel–steel adhesives based on RPF/USPE blends.
Unsaturated polyester resin widely separated because of its low cost and its good physical properties. To get higher impact resistance, it has been blended with natural rubber (NR), for the weight ratio (UP 80 / NR 20) % and reinforced with different loading of nano silica with particle size (20nm) ranging from 0 to 5wt% were prepared by hand – layup method, and were characterized for their SEM. The nanocomposites’ mechanical properties like: impact strength, tensile strength, and hardness were studied as a function of filler loading. All of these mechanical properties values were increased with increasing the filler concentration. The results showed averages of (18%, 90% and 39%) increase in tensile strength, impact strength and hardness respectively compared to pure blend. SEM image of 5wt% amine-ilica/UP/NR showed that there is a free space between the small clusters of the nano silica agglomerations. And in the case of unfilled UP/NR blend there was a very limited plastic deformation because of Presence of UP matrix around the rubber particles. Keywords: Natural rubber, Unsaturated polyester, nano silica, mechanical properties, Nanocomposites.
