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Schematic representation of Earth's atmosphere. The convection-beaker image indicates the vertical region of the atmosphere where convection is a common feature
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Aims: Geophysical convection calculations can potentially obscure details necessary to understand convective-heat-transfer changes caused by changes in the adverse temperature gradient. The objective is to ascertain the functional relationship between adverse temperature gradient and convection efficiency. Methodology: A classroom-demonstration exp...
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... maintain thermal balance, Earth must return to space virtually all of the energy it receives from the sun as well as the energy it produces internally. That complex thermal balance has been maintained naturally without human intervention for most of Earth's lifetime. Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of Earth's atmosphere. The vertical region where atmospheric convection principally occurs is indicated by the convection-beaker image. In this region pollution particles absorb solar radiation and radiation from Earth, become heated, and transfer that heat to the surrounding atmosphere, which reduces the ...
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... We allege ENMOD is the United Nations' pseudo-legal justification for polluting the natural environment for the purpose of causing global warming [7][8][9][10][11] and melting polar ice [12] in order to access major energy and mineral resources [13]. ...
... Lee's statement further begs the question as to whether chemtrail-producing industrial wastes, such as toxic coal fly ash, are being surreptitiously and deliberately added to jet fuel to produce chemtrail particulates that cause global warming [7,8,10,11,27,28] and harm human and environmental health [19,[29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48]. If indeed that is the case, it might be difficult to discover evidence for it as decades have elapsed, and presumably covert operations have become even more sophisticated and difficult to penetrate. ...
Covert military geoengineering operations have been ongoing for the better part of three decades. Civilian airlines based in NATO countries are part of this planetary operation. Its aim appears to be to warm the planet to gain access to the immense stores of hydrocarbons and strategically important minerals beneath polar ice. To keep the public from understanding what is going on, the governments involved, led by the U.S., have resorted to disinformation on a broad, no-holds-barred scale. Disinformation involves mixing truth with lies, half-truths with omitted truths, so that the public remains ignorant or misinformed, and thus disinclined to protest or otherwise intervene. Two long-term observers, one a geoengineering critic, the other a retired commercial airline pilot (and co-author of this article), provide differing testimony for the geoengineering holocaust.
... Particulate pollution, not carbon dioxide, is the primary culprit. Particulate pollution is an under-appreciated driving force that can overcome the atmospheric flywheel, and is the principal cause of global warming [12,13,[33][34][35]. ...
... Despite lengthy literature searches, we were unable to find quantification of the effect of adverse temperature gradient on convection efficiency. The following simple classroom-demonstration experiment, however, can provide critical insight for understanding how convection works and is applicable to a proper understanding of Earth-core convection [45], as well as to tropospheric convection in Earth's atmosphere ( Figure 2) [13]. [13]. ...
... The following simple classroom-demonstration experiment, however, can provide critical insight for understanding how convection works and is applicable to a proper understanding of Earth-core convection [45], as well as to tropospheric convection in Earth's atmosphere ( Figure 2) [13]. [13]. A beaked-beaker of water on a regulated hot plate with celery seeds pulled along by the fluid convection motions. ...
The Anthropocene is the Epoch of Man, in which human activities have drastically changed Earth's geology, landscape, ecosystems, biodiversity and climate. The energy necessary to power modern civilization comes from petroleum, natural gas, and coal, the latter derived from millions of years of photosynthesized vegetation, subsequently stored underground. The best stratigraphic markers of the Anthropocene are combustion products of these fuels such as spherical carbonaceous particles and iron-containing magnetic particles. We have previously shown that particle pollution from combustion sources, not carbon dioxide, is the primary cause of global warming. More recently, we have shown combustion products, notably coal fly ash and HULIS aerosols, not chlorofluorocarbons, are the primary cause of stratospheric ozone depletion. Modern-day transformation of the biosphere is strikingly evident in the atmosphere, which has been polluted to the point of overcoming Earth's atmospheric flywheel (radiation buffering mechanism). The planet is already in a Hothouse Earth phase, with runaway warming triggering multiple "tipping points" that threaten biosphere integrity and human civilization itself. Contrary to the prevailing narrative, the stratospheric ozone layer has been badly damaged, and increasingly deadly ultraviolet radiation now penetrates to Earth's surface. This situation has been made unimaginably worse by the deliberate, covert planetary modification, euphemistically called geoengineering. While the scientific community, government leaders, the mainstream media, and indeed the masses "look the other way" and ignore the obvious atrocities in our skies, ongoing tropospheric aerosol geoengineering operations continue to spray toxic substances, such as coal fly ash, into the atmosphere. Humanity must wake up to the dire reality we face. International cooperation and crash efforts will be necessary to at least slow the rate of biosphere collapse and salvage something of our critical life support systems. Our time is short to phase out and end all geoengineering activities and to reduce and/or eliminate all sources of coal fly ash and HULIS-type aerosols.
... The Arctic is warming at an excessive rate relative to the rest of the planet, and it has been shown that brown carbon (including HULIS) imposes strong circum-Arctic warming [51]. We have provided compelling evidence that particulate aerosols, not CO2, are the principal cause of global warming [52][53][54][55]. ...
... This overheating of the upper portion of the troposphere greatly reduces the Vol. 11, Issue 2, April-2023 European Journal of Applied Sciences (EJAS) efficiency of atmospheric convection, resulting in diminished heat removal from Earth's surface [52][53][54][55]. ...
... Furthermore, CO2-caused global warming during WW2 can be ruled out as Antarctic Law Dome Ice core data during the period 1936-1952 show no significant increase in CO2 during the war years, 1939-1945 [58]. World War II activities injected massive amounts of particulate matter into the troposphere from extensive military industrialization and vast munition detonations, which included demolition of entire cities, and their resulting debris and smoke [52][53][54][55]. The implication is that the aerosolized pollution particles trapped heat that otherwise should have been returned to space, and thus caused global warming at Earth's surface [53] which would have subsided rapidly after hostilities ceased. ...
The authors have previously provided compelling evidence that coal fly ash particles, not chlorofluorocarbons (CFC's), are the primary cause of stratospheric ozone depletion. Coal burning and coal fly ash aerosols utilized in covert tropospheric geoengineering have already severely damaged the stratospheric ozone layer, leading to deadly ultraviolet radiation UV-B and UV-C penetrating to Earth's surface. Coal burning and biomass burning are primary sources of a particular organic aerosol, humic-like substances, referred to collectively as HULIS. HULIS, like coal fly ash, plays a key role in climate change due to its ubiquity in biogenic and anthropogenic aerosols, its ability to absorb solar ultraviolet radiation and to transfer that heat to atmospheric gases, which reduces the temperature difference relative to the near-surface air, which reduces atmospheric convection, and which concomitantly reduces heat loss from the surface, causing regional and global warming. HULIS affects human and environmental health by production of reactive oxygen species and environmentally persistent free radicals. Stratospheric ozone was apparently depleted during the Permian Extinction by coal and biomass combustion aerosols produced by massive volcanic activity. A spike in sea and land temperature during World War II, associated with particulate pollution, also is correlated with a spike in HULIS obtained from Alpine ice cores. Recently, large forest fires have also been shown to deplete stratospheric ozone. Since HULIS is common to both coal and biomass burning, and ozone is taken up by submicron HULIS particles, it follows that HULIS aerosols are another cause of stratospheric ozone depletion. Our time is short to end all geoengineering activities and reduce or eliminate anthropogenic coal fly ash and HULIS-type aerosols.
... Second, subtracting two large numbers, radiation from the sun minus radiation from the Earth, yields a small number that is overwhelmed by errors. Third, and most important, global warming and regional warming are caused mainly by tropospheric particulates reducing convective heat loss from the surface [146][147][148][149][150][151][152], not greenhouse gases. . All the while, the World Health Organization ignores and suppresses mention of the adverse public health consequences of the tropospheric jetemplaced toxic coal fly ash [145]. ...
Five hundred years ago the Roman Catholic Church wrongly opposed science. In my fifty years as a scientist, I have observed the Catholic Church reaching out to science, wholly unaware of widespread corruption and cartel-like behavior under guise of science, which leads, I allege, to the Vatican aiding and abetting activities that are not only anti-Christian, but which pose grave risks to human and environmental health.
... Despite lengthy literature searches, I was unable to find quantification of the effect of adverse temperature gradient on convection efficiency. The following simple classroom-demonstration experiment, however, can provide critical insight for understanding how convection works and is applicable to a proper understanding of Earth-core convection [27], as well as to tropospheric convection in Earth's atmosphere [41]. As described recently [42]: ...
... When stable convection was attained, a ceramic tile was placed atop the beaker to retard heat loss, thereby increasing the temperature at the top relative to that at the bottom, thus decreasing the adverse temperature gradient. Figure 1, from [41], extracted from the video record [43,44], shows dramatic reduction in convection after placing the tile atop the beaker. In only 60 seconds the number of celery seeds in motion, driven by convection, decreased markedly, demonstrating the principle that reducing the adverse temperature gradient decreases convection. ...
... That result is reasonable as zero adverse temperature gradient by definition is zero thermal convection. [41]. A beaked-beaker of water on a regulated hot plate with celery seeds pulled along by the fluid convection motions. ...
Albert Einstein was unsuccessful in attempting to understand the origin of Earth's magnetic field, which he considered to be one of the five most important unsolved problems in physics. Many who followed Einstein failed to understand the origin of the geomagnetic field because crucial prerequisite information was not available or was being systematically ignored by the geoscience community. Here I review the logical progression of discoveries from Earth's protoplanetary origin that led to my concept of a nuclear fission 'georeactor' at Earth's center, evidence of its existence, and the mechanism for generally maintaining stable operation over geological time scales and producing Earth's magnetic field. In the micro-gravity environment at Earth's center, uranium, mixed with reactor poisons from fission and decay products, forms the georeactor sub-shell, which is kept in motion by nuclear fission energy from uranium that settles-out forming the georeactor sub-core. The amount of nuclear fission energy produced in the sub-core reaches a steady state wherein the amount of fission energy produced balances the uranium precipitation and the energy transferred to the inner core heat-sink by convection. Sub-shell convection twisted by planetary rotation, I posited, produces the Earth's magnetic field by the dynamo concept first espoused by Elsasser. Occasionally, sub-shell convection is disrupted, for example, by surface trauma such as from a great meteor impact or by an intense outburst of charged particles from the sun, which can lead to a geomagnetic reversal or excursion. Such convection disruption may lead to an extra burst of nuclear fission energy which, by replacing the lost heat of protoplanetary compression energy, can trigger earthquakes and volcanic activity at Earth's surface. Eventually, the geomagnetic field will collapse with potentially devastating consequences for our highly-integrated, technology-based infrastructure. Humanity should approach that unknown time with eyes open and with a willingness to work together for common survival.
... Anthropogenic aerosol particles, especially coal fly ash, metals, and soot particles, are transported long distances to affect ecosystems, human health, and climate changes [17]. Coal fly ash and other aerosol particles in the troposphere cause regional and/or global warming by absorbing radiation, transferring that heat to atmospheric gases, which reduces the adverse temperature gradient relative to surface air, which concomitantly reduces convective heat loss from the surface [18][19][20]. ...
We provide further compelling evidence that aerosolized coal fly ash and its various components, especially iron, is the primary cause of stratospheric ozone depletion, not chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) gases, as "decreed" by the Montreal Protocol of 1989. Aerosolized coal fly ash is a toxic "witches' brew" of numerous elements and substances that destroy ozone directly and indirectly by numerous chemical reactions, the full extent of which is not yet known. The prevailing CFC-ozone depletion theory is simply wrong, and does not account for multiple chemical and photochemical reactions that kill stratospheric ozone. We discuss the primary role of coal fly ash particles in ice nucleation and cloud formation in the upper troposphere and stratosphere, and dispel the notion that meteoric or extra-terrestrial material is responsible for polar stratospheric clouds. We provide extensive documentation that iron and several other elements found in coal fly ash are trapped in polar stratospheric clouds and destroy ozone by various means, especially when they are released in the spring. Recent scientific discoveries "fit together" to strongly support the New Paradigm of stratospheric ozone depletion by coal fly ash. The "World Not Avoided" by the Montreal Protocol is already here: The biosphere is in collapse with runaway global warming, and lethal ultraviolet radiation penetrating to Earth's surface. This new paradigm shift must be operationalized. Time is critically short to salvage what we can of Earth's vital life support systems, including the stratospheric ozone layer. We reiterate that all sources of aerosolized coal fly ash must be reduced and/or eliminated. All forms of geoengineering must stop immediately if we are to survive as a species. The deliberate assault on Earth's natural processes, we allege, constitutes no less than acts of planetary treason.
... The resultant heating increases atmospheric temperature, and reduces the temperature difference relative to air near the surface, which reduces atmospheric convection, and concomitantly reduces convective heat transport from the surface. This is the mechanism whereby chemtrails, jet-emplaced particulate matter, cause global warming [43][44][45][46][47]. ...
... An ancillary intent of these environmental modification activities is to reinforce the claims of the United Nations' Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) that the climate is changing, that is, warming globally. Since its formation in 1988, the IPCC has trumpeted that global warming is a long-term trend and is being caused by carbon dioxide, when in fact global warming is primarily being caused by aerosol particulate pollution, including jet-emplaced chemtrails [43][44][45][46][47]. The fact that for three decades hundreds of IPCC atmospheric and climate scientists have systematically failed to mention jet-sprayed chemical aerosols, aka chemtrails, as a factor in Earth's thermoregulation is clear evidence of deceit by omission. ...
... For thirty years, through its Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) [66], the UN has been engaged in indoctrinating political leaders and propagandizing citizens around the world to accept the theory of anthropogenic-carbon-dioxide-caused global warming, a common, planetary "enemy" against which war must be eventually waged. As we have shown [43][44][45][46][47], regional and global warming are caused by aerosolized particulates, including jet aircraft deliberately emplacing toxic coal-fly-ash particulates. ...
We provide a preponderance of evidence that worldwide covert environmental modification (geoengineering) activities have been ongoing for several decades, citing numerous peer-reviewed scientific and medical articles and other sources in support of our allegation that such activities are causing innumerable harms to Earth’s systems. These harms include, but are not limited to, catastrophic loss of wildlife, aggravation of global warming and climate chaos; disruption of habitats; aggravation of droughts and concomitant degradation of agriculture; and depletion of stratospheric ozone, which exposes surface life to deadly solar ultraviolet radiation. In 1978 the United Nations (UN) oversaw the creation of the Convention on the Prohibition of Military or Other Hostile Use of Environmental Modification Techniques (ENMOD), a deliberately vague and deceitful international treaty that has served as a Trojan horse to provide a “legal” basis for subsequent worldwide geoengineering activities (as described herein). Since the creation of the UN Environmental Program (UNEP) in 1972, the UN and some of its other agencies, including the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), and the World Health Organization (WHO), has formally committed itself to the integrity of the planetary environment. We appeal to the International Criminal Court to render judgement in favor of the world’s individual citizens, whose fundamental rights have been abrogated by planetary geoengineering, as herein documented. We respectfully request the following relief from the International Criminal Court: 1) Immediate and permanent end to the ENMOD Convention; 2) Permanent global injunction on all activities undertaken under ENMOD’s authority; 3) Declassification of all documents related to ENMOD activities as well as making all such documents freely available to the world; 4) Establishment of a legal body, fashioned after the International Military Tribunal at Nuremburg, to hear evidence and render justice for planetary treason and crimes against humanity and the environment.
... Also, the global measure of aeronautical decrease taken for the management and control of the CV-19 had a dramatic influence on the aeronautics sector, since most countries restricted international travelers from entering and exiting in their respective countries, and this helped in the drop in the global CO 2 emissions of which had critical consequences on the ecosystem especially the atmospheric settings [52,53]. Supposedly, the significantly less utilization and use of fossil fuels decrease GHG emission, and this eventually assists in the extenuation of global discrepancies in atmospheric settings (climate change) [28,6 BioMed Research International 54,55]. The "International Energy Agency (IEA)" reported that the global quest for petroleum resources dropped comparatively to around 4:35 × 10 5 barrels in some months in 2020, when compared to similar months in 2019 [47]. ...
The period 2020/2021 was an unprecedented and historic time for industrial, economic, and societal activities all over the world with great challenges to human health, the ecosystems, and other aspects of human endeavors owing to the COVID-19 or SARSCoV-2 (CV-19) pandemic which is now a topical aspect of research interest. Despite the negative impacts of the CV-19 pandemic, there are also positive reports during the CV-19 pandemic such as the reduction of gas flare, reduction in the burning of fossil fuels from automobile exhaust and a reduction in the other ensuing factors of greenhouse gases emissions (which is one of the major drives for global warming and climate change as well as other environmental effluences). Hence, this brief perspective review study is centered on greenhouse gas (GHG) emission. The study employs a methodical approach to analyze some already available research studies from existing publications and databases on GHG emission using the perception during the CV-19 pandemic. The specific findings from this review show that, from the meteorological perspective, the global response to the catastrophe ensuing from the CV-19 pandemic has a great influence on the reduction of GHGs, the reduction in the burning of fossil fuels from automobiles and industrial devices, and the reduction in the other ensuing factors of GHG emission. Hence, it will not be far from the truth to conclude that there is a possible positive connection between the CV-19 pandemic and GHG emissions. The study has a direct impact on the environment owing to the negative and positive environmental consequences of the CV-19 pandemic. Suggestions and recommendations in the form of future prospects of GHG emission vis-à-vis global warming and climate change are also discussed. Furthermore, suggestions on how to improve food security and agriculture during a pandemic such as the CV-19 outbreak period are highlighted.
... First, there is no mention of the climate consequences of the jet-sprayed particulate matter, such as shown in Figure 2. Second, subtracting two large numbers, radiation from the sun minus radiation from the Earth, yields a small number that is overwhelmed by errors. Third, and most important, global warming and regional warming are caused mainly by tropospheric particulates [11,[39][40][41][42][43][44], not greenhouse gases. ...
Earth's life support systems are breaking down, including the stratospheric ozone layer, which protects all higher life on the planet from deadly ultraviolet radiation. This breakdown is a direct result of human activities including the large-scale manipulation of processes that affect Earth's climate, otherwise known as geoengineering. We present further evidence that coal fly ash, utilized in tropospheric aerosol geoengineering, is the primary cause of stratospheric ozone depletion, not chlorofluorocarbons, as "decreed" by the Montreal Protocol. The misdiagnosis was a potentially fatal mistake by mankind. Coal fly ash particles, uplifted to the stratosphere, are collected and trapped by polar stratospheric clouds. In springtime, as these clouds begin to melt/evaporate, multiple coal fly ash compounds and elements are released to react with and consume stratospheric ozone. Contrary to the prevailing narrative, the stratospheric ozone layer has already been badly damaged and now increasingly deadly ultraviolet radiation, UV-B and UV-C, penetrates to Earth's surface. Our time is short to permanently end all geoengineering activities, and to reduce and/or eliminate all sources of aerosolized coal fly ash, including first and foremost the jet-sprayed emplacements into the troposphere that are systematically breaking down Earth's support systems and poisoning life on this planet.
... • Solar System formation primarily according to the protoplanetary theory, minimally by the planetesimal theory [21,22] • Stored energy of protoplanetary compression as the primary energy driving geodynamics [22][23][24] • Nuclear fission georeactor at Earth's center [25][26][27][28][29][30] • Terracentric nuclear fission energy as the secondary energy driving geodynamics [23,24,29] • Basis of heat transport within the Earth [13,22,31] • Earth's magnetic field powered and produced by the Terracentric nuclear fission georeactor [29,32] • Whole-Earth Decompression Dynamics, the fundamental basis of geodynamics and geology [23,33], not requiring physically impossible mantle convection [13], including o New concept for the origin of mountains characterized by folding [34] o New concept for the origin of fjords and submarine canyons [35] • Georeactor origin of deep-Earth helium-3 [28] • Planetocentric nuclear reactors as the basis for magnetic field generation in planets and large moons [36,37] • Aerosol particulate pollution, not carbon dioxide, as the main cause of global warming [38][39][40][41][42][43] • New explanation for the near-side/far-side lunar maria disparity [44] During the first half of the 20 th century, there was debate and discussion. Scientists challenged new ideas that led to further new ideas and discoveries, which provided a basis for today's technology. ...
A recent publication in Nature unintentionally disclosed major problems in the physical science community, existing for more than four decades that pose potential weaknesses as a basis for future technologies. The science of today, the basis for tomorrow's technology, could benefit in a major way, simply by asking the question "What's wrong with this picture?"
