Figure 1 - uploaded by Jesper Knutsson
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Schematic relation chart showing the HSB Living Lab organization layout and some important work flows.
Source publication
Household consumption is the ultimate driver for all production in our economies, and a significant part is direct consumption that takes place within physical boundaries of the household, which we call the home. Important consumption categories include utilities like water, electricity, heating and cooling, but also the food we eat and the clothes...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... overall management organization is separated into a steering committee, project control group, ethics committee, project grant committee and project leaders for individual innovation and research projects (see Figure 1). A scientific coordinator play a key role in both the project control and the grant committee, where minor industry partners are also represented. However, there was a notable lack of representation from government/authorities and the users in the organizational structure at the time when writing this paper. The research and innovation organization for the Habitation Lab is centered on the two main partners (HSB and Chalmers University of Technology). Project proposals are subject of a review process through the project grant committee and have to pass a number of gateways before they are approved to (a) meet the commonly set goals and (b) potentially receive funding from a consortium driven fund (see Figure 2). ...
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Citations
... The built-up area of the facility is 400 m 2 and consists of 29 apartments with 32 tenants at the time of conducting this study. The HSB living lab has been described in further detail elsewhere (Hagy and Balay, 2014;Knutsson and Marx, 2016). ...
Globally an increasing number of people are facing water scarcity. To address the challenge, measures to reduce water demand are investigated in the world. In the present paper, a novel approach to reuse bathroom graywater for shower and bathroom sink hot water is investigated. The investigation focuses on water and energy savings, water treatment, economic benefit and investigates the main actors and institutions that are involved.
The main results are that there is significant potential for water and energy savings with a positive economic benefit. Water savings of domestic hot water up to 91 % and energy savings up to 55 % were observed. The investigated treatment plant produces recycled graywater with a quality close to drinking water standards.
The investigation also presents that the reason for the positive economic benefit will depend on the utility tariffs. Therefore, two locations with different utility rate structures were investigated, Gothenburg, Sweden and Settle, USA. In Gothenburg, the utility cost for energy was the driver of economic benefit and in Seattle it was the water and wastewater cost that was the driver. The return of investment for the system and installation was shown to be 3.7 years in Gothenburg and 2.4 years in Seattle.
... Like most apartment buildings in Sweden HLL a centralized hot water system was installed, where municipal drinking water is heated to approximately 60 °C. The building is equipped with sensors for monitoring, among other parameters, disaggregated water consumption, providing data on individual micro consumption points of the users, as has been described in detail elsewhere (Knutsson and Marx 2016). ...
Municipal drinking water supplies are under great stress globally, and one way to mitigate the problems is the reutilization of wastewater in various settings. In this paper, a greywater reuse scheme and the impact of system design and configuration on water and energy savings are investigated. The objective of the paper was to investigate the impact of hydraulic design and performance of a greywater treatment and reuse system on water and energy savings. A simulation model was created based on real, disaggregated water consumption data that predicts the reuse potential. Three scenarios were investigated; (1) grey-water collection from the bathroom and reuse for toilet flushing, (2) greywater collection from bathroom sinks and showers, and reuse as hot water for sinks and showers, and (3) a combination of (1) and (2) where greywater collection from bathroom sinks and showers is used for toilet flushing, sinks and shower. The results indicate hot water reductions between 55.6 and 58.2%, while cold water reductions ranged from 5.8 to 30.6%. Reductions in energy for producing hot water between 43.5 and 46.8% were observed. Recommendations per connected user for hydraulic design ranged from 0.033 to 0.1 dm 3 min −1 , 3 dm 3 , and 0.7-10 dm 3 for treatment capacity, collection and holding tank volume.
