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Design and Construction of Early flood warning system is focused on an accurate measurement of water threshold height and send a warning message to the clients. The system was designed to have the capability to predict the remaining time before the flood and also detect three types of water level: early flood level, flood level and low tide level a...
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In this research, water level measurements are intended to give early flood warning when the water level reaches a certain height. Water level measurement system performed using an ultrasonic sensor which was placed horizontally inside a PVC pipe, facing the water surface. One of the focuses of this research is the selection of the ultrasonic which...
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... When coupled with an RGB camera, a targeted and automated spray system used 20.2% less herbicide (Jejčič et al., 2011). Such sensors have been used for detection of water level (96.25% accuracy) in surface waters (Saraswati et al., 2012); early flood warning (Kuantama et al., 2013Mohamed and Wei, 2014), and to detect the seed level in a seed tank (Sabancı et al., 2017). Additionally, these sensors have been used to safeguard pump sets by stopping pumps when water levels fall below the minimal operational levels (RANE, 2016). ...
Center pivot irrigation systems are used globally to irrigate large fields. They have higher water application efficiency than other sprinkler or surface irrigation approaches, but this water application efficiency may be further improved by dynamically adjusting the nozzle height in response to plant growth and canopy heterogeneities; this approach is referred to as dynamic elevation spray application (DESA). The key data input required to achieve DESA is the plant canopy height; however, this measurement is challenging to acquire in real-time due to canopy heterogeneity and potential interference from active water spray. An ultrasonic sensor was evaluated for this purpose. Both lab and field evaluations were conducted. Lab evaluations used view angles ranging from 0° to 35° at increments of 5°, and heights ranging from 0.5 m to 1.75 m for corn, clover, and potato. Field evaluations used view angles of 0° and 5°, and heights from 0.5 m to 1.25 m for green beans, green peppers, eggplants, grass, and ground. Regardless of plant type and height, results from the lab suggest that DESA sensor accuracy decreases about 0.5% with one unit increase in angle’s degree. When corn was used, the sensor accuracy dropped almost 9%. Results for the field showed that the lowest accuracy (92%) was observed at the green beans with 1.25 height. Field tests with active water spray yielded significantly different measurements from without water spray, but sill had accuracies > 97%. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of using ultrasonic sensors for DESA.
... So we need real-time monitoring [3][5] and prediction [4] [8] of water level for preventing a dam-related disaster like a heavy flood in Kerala. If the dam official has got a clear idea about the status of water level after specified time they can manage the gate of the dam without creating flood on the downstream side of the dam. ...
Peruvannamuzhi Dam is built on the Kuttiady River at Kozhikode district, Kerala, India. The main purpose of the dam is to store water safely for irrigation and to control flood at the downstream area. Hydroelectric power plant is not associated with this Dam. At present, the basic dam operation parameters like reservoir level, rain data, and outflow rate are measured manually. There is no provision for inflow measurement. Most of the state reservoirs are almost full when heavy rainfall occurs during monsoon. The opening and closing of the gates of the dam depend only on the current water level of the reservoir. So the dam operators are forced to open suddenly all the shutters of the dam when water reaches Full Reservoir Level and this is a compensatory procedure. The sudden release of water simultaneously from different reservoirs caused flood in Kerala. This paper presents Internet of Things based automatic monitoring of different parameters for dam management and predict reservoir level after a particular period, say 2 hours. The above specified dam parameters is measured with different sensors like ultrasonic sensor and rain sensor. NodeMCU upload the measured data to cloud. Thingspeak IoT platform provide these data to user. Thingspeak provide MATLAB link and which analyze and predict reservoir level. These data and predictions are easily available to dam authorities, dam researchers, farmers and public through their mobile phone or Personal Computer. With the help of this prediction, the operator can open the shutter in an anticipatory manner. This predictive model can be used for flood control.
... Some research works [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] have been occupied based on River water level monitoring systems in recent years. In these previous studies, the Flood warning system was designed only to detect the water level and send a warning SMS to the user. ...
... In these previous studies, the Flood warning system was designed only to detect the water level and send a warning SMS to the user. In some papers [2][3][4][5]8,11], it is seen that the GSM module is used for sending data to the user via SMS. But this is not costeffective and efficient when the real-time data needs to be sent. ...
Environmental data analysis plays a vital role in natural disaster forecasting and warning. Many developing countries like Bangladesh faced several floods in 2020. An early Alarm and real-time data can reduce losses in floods. This paper presents the design and implementation of a Real-time river's water level monitoring system for Bangladesh, which warms during the flood. This paper represents a system that can accurately measure the river water level and the velocity of river water flow, detect rainfall, store this real-time data to the cloud storage, and send a warning message to the respective authorities. Based on river water level system can provide the status: Normal level, Warning level, Flood level, and Severe flood level. A TTGO T-call ESP32 SIM800L microcontroller is used to send the real-time data to the cloud server and sent the flood alert via SMS to the respective Authorities. A Solar PV is power up the system. A uPVC pipe uses to protect this system and empower the measurement. The system can detect up to 4 meters distance through this uPVC pipe. This system is capable of working for 24 hours. In addition, this system also can measure the river's water flow and detect the rainfall.
... Internet is known for wide range of spreading information around the world but people must have Wi-Fi or internet data plan to receive the warning. Therefore, SMS is the most reliable methods to send information because of the widespread telecommunication system that can reach almost every places even rural village and mountain the signal can be reached [10,11]. ...
... Data obtain from the ultrasonic sensor and DHT22 sensor sending to the micro-controller (Arduino UNO R3). The micro-controller will perform the calculation to determine the status of flood based on height of water with reference of past cases [11]. The system obtains two type of notification level: caution level and danger level. ...
The present of natural disaster such as flood cause loss of life, property, devastation of livestock and agriculture. Flood is known as yearly disaster in Malaysia because of the monsoonal rainfall. Therefore, a system that provide an informative flood notification system that give early warning need to be develop to reduce the losses and early notification to the community in the affected area. The notification system will involve GSM network due to the coverage of GSM network is widespread and mostly available in any places in Malaysia. The notification messages will be sent to user in that area, such as head of village, police station and nearest safety agencies. System architecture designed using Arduino UNO acts as microcontroller of system that will perform various actions such as to observe height of water, temperature and humidity and send SMS through GSM shield. In order to validate the accuracy of proposed system, experiment was conducted using small scale prototype to simulate the real flood conditions. The system will provide real time and reliable measurement of water height and send SMS notification.
... [3]. Previous studies that have built prototypes using GSM communication-based technology models such as flood monitoring systems and SMS-based early warning [4], [5], [6]. ...
Development of flood early warning technology has grown rapidly. The technology has led to improvements in terms of communication and information technology. The use of the Internet of Things model (IOTs) has provided significant development to the development of early warning information systems. In this article is the development of a prototype model of flood monitoring information systems using Android has been designed by combining ultrasonic sensors as a water level detector, rain sensor, temperature sensor and moisture sensor. Arduino Uno Microcontroller Module used as sensor data processor, U-Blox Neo 6m GPS module as location detection and Ethernet module as sender of sensor data to station of flood early warning information system. The design of the prototype produces information on flood elevation, rain conditions, ambient temperature and soil moisture along with its location based on Google Maps interface on mobile android.
... It sends three warning messages via SMS in three conditions. The system used PVC pipe, employed for 24 hours, a stand-alone system and can be requested for current water level information [18]. Mobile and computer networks also served as tools in designing and developing flood warning system. ...
... In developing countries, the effects of flood are more harmful than in developed countries. Because of that, there is a need to make a system which can provide advance warning of flooding [1] Fig.1 Flash flood due to heavy rain fall European countries have also had large floods, but with less property and life loss. flood impact can be reduced by effective flood risk management and timely dissemination of flood warnings to citizens. ...
... The early flood alerts system itself divided into three main parts: sensor node ,coordinator section and base unit .Solar panels are used as a voltage source for the entire electronic circuit by utilizing sunlight, so the system can be easily placed on the riverside. [1] The system that I am proposing is an early warning system that can detect landslides and flash floods in advance and send a real time warning of the same. The system can be hugely useful in hilly terrains and areas which are prone to such disasters. ...
The system that is proposed is an early warning system that can provide valuable minutes that would help in mitigation of disasters like landslide and flash floods. The system comprises of a wireless sensor network established on slopes of a mountainside which are prone to landslides and flash floods. The network established is based on a zig bee tree topology. For purpose of demonstration, a two node system has been proposed. The nodes will measure precipitation using a tipping rain gauge and landslides using buried microphones or peizo elements that measure pressure changes. These nodes would report to a base station which would have a zig bee coordinator as a receiver. This unit, called the base unit will communicate with a master unit using a long range RF transmitter. This unit will be suitably located at a location, say, for example at the district collector. When rain detected by the nodes is larger in a given time period, so as to produce a flash flood, this information is sent to the base unit which in turn sends it to the master unit. The master unit sounds an alarm and sends SMS to related officials via a GSM module interfaced with it. Keywords—GSM modem, flood alarm ,water level sensor, accelarometer.
