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Tannery wastewater contains high levels of the organic, inorganic, nitrogenous compound, suspended solids, dissolved solids, and other contaminants (Sulfide, chromium). Anaerobic Baffled Reactor-Membrane Bioreactor (ABR-MBR) system has been introduced as a promising technology for domestic wastewater treatment thanks to its sufficient organic treat...
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... The temporal analysis of flux beyond specific critical values (7.05, 5.25, and 4.35) LMH highlights the onset of severe fouling, necessitating timely membrane cleaning or fouling mitigation strategies. This observation was in agreement with literature findings that higher biomass leads to increased membrane fouling due to more significant particle deposition on the surface of the membrane [15,37], while the analysis of TMP vs Flux slope provides a quantitative measure of fouling propensity. The TMP vs flux slope was also steeper for higher MLSS concentrations (18 and 24 g/L), reflecting a more rapid increase in TMP and, thus, a higher fouling propensity, as shown in Fig. 2(a) during no backwashing or biogas sparging condition. ...
This study presents a mechanistic approach to explore the key operational parameters governing the flux performance of an SAnMBR system coupled with a ceramic flat-sheet ultrafiltration membrane. Experiments were conducted at mixed liquor suspended solid (MLSS) concentrations of 12, 18, and 24 g/L using biogas sparging, back-washing, and a combination of both to investigate the most effective fouling mitigation strategy by exploring the fouling mechanism at a critical flux regime. To validate the experimental findings, a mathematical model was used to simulate the time-based variation of membrane effective pore radius (m), decrease in membrane porosity(%), thickness of cake layer (m), and membrane resistance (1/m). The study found that at a low biomass concentration, there was a sharp decline in the membrane pore radius leading to an increase in membrane resistance in the absence of any fouling mitigation strategies. However, by implementing these strategies individually and in combination, they maintained a higher pore radius and controlled the increase in membrane resistance even a thigh biomass concentrations. It was observed that biogas sparging outperformed the conventional backwashing strategy and the SAnMBR system exhibited superior performance attaining higher flux rates for prolonged duration. The advanced spectroscopic analysis confirmed the presence of a higher concentration of polysaccharides responsible for cake layer biofouling, and significant pore blocking due to inorganic foulants at high biomass concentrations. This suggests that the SAnMBR system must be operated at optimised biomass levels below the critical flux for sustained operation. Additionally, the key operational parameters identified using the mathematical model provide a precise assessment of SAnMBR performance, to improve its design efficiency for field applications.
... As for its low energy requirement and substantial organic treatment, the ABR-MBR process has been proposed as a potential technique for wastewater treatment. Tran et al. (2022) demonstrated the performance of the ABR-MBR process for TWW treatment of 60 d of control. During 60 days of control, The ABR process was run at an OLR of 3 kg COD/m 3 d, even though the MBR was kept at a lower flux of 0.75 LMH. ...
... The result obtained from treated synthetic wastewater, prepared diluting pet food in water, showed a chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal up 96% at an organic loading rate (OLR) of 7 kg COD/m 3 d. For anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR), Tran et al., [109] combined externally ABR with membrane bioreactor (ABR-MBR) as a promising technology for tannery wastewater treatment. The ABR operated at an organic loading rate (OLR) of 3 kgCOD/m 3 d while a low flux of 0.75 LMH was retained in the MBR. ...
... Wastewater has high salinity when the inorganic salt content (e.g., NaCl, Na 2 SO 4 ) is usually between 0.5 and over 3.4% w/w (Chen et al., 2018; M. . Saline wastewater was usually generated from some processes, such as pharmaceuticals, seafood processing, salt or canned vegetables, tanning industry, brewery industry, and chemical production (Zeng et al., 2021;Vo et al., 2021;Tran et al., 2022). Untreated effluent of highsalinity wastewaters could negatively impact the aquatic environment, water portability, and agriculture. ...
The discharged saline wastewater has severely influenced the aquatic environment as the treatment performance of many wastewater treatment techniques is limited. In addition, the sources of saline wastewater are also plentiful from agricultural and various industrial fields such as food processing, tannery, pharmaceutical, etc. Although high salinity levels negatively impact the performance of both physicochemical and biological processes, membrane bioreactor (MBR) processes are considered as a potential technology to treat saline wastewater under different salinity levels depending on the adaption of the microbial community. Therefore, this study aims to systematically review the application of MBR widely used in the saline wastewater treatment from the perspectives of microbial structure and treatment efficiencies. At last, the concept of carbon dioxide capture and storage will be proposed for the MBR-treating saline wastewater technologies and considered toward the circular economy with the target of zero emission.
... The overloading of the system reduces the sludge settling ability and reduces the overall treatment efficiency of SAnMBR. Similarly, suppose the MLSS/MLVSS concentration is too low; in that case, the anaerobic digestion process may not remove sufficient amounts of organic matter from the wastewater (Tran et al., 2022) due to lesser organics that may inhibit the biological filtration process. However, the influence of MLSS and MLVSS on fouling and treatment efficiency is not very consistent and sometimes contradictory (Deowan et al., 2015). ...
Recent research studies on the innovative concept of submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor (SAnMBR) technology have demonstrated superior treatment and operational performance for treating a broad range of waste streams discharged from various industries. This study aimed to investigate the treatment and recovery of biomethane (bio-CH4) performance of ceramic ultrafiltration (UF) coupled with ”co-digestion based SAnMBR”, which was not previously studied by others, for treating an organic fraction of food waste (OFFW) blended with domestic wastewater (DWW) at surge organic loading rates (OLRs) disposed at modern high-rise establishments and similar residential clusters. The SAnMBR was operated in five phases (Phase 1-5), with different organic loading rates (OLRs) varying from 0.49 to 22.57 kg-COD/m³/d. All bio-CH4, mixed liquor sludge, and treated permeate samples were analyzed using standard methods. The key parameters representing the cumulative bio-CH4 yield during each phase were estimated using sigmoidal models, and the simulated results were validated using ANOVA. It was found that the SAnMBR produced high-quality, low-turbid reclaimed water showing an increasing trend in yield of bio-CH4 with an increase of OLR. It was also observed that the SAnMBR demonstrated stable and superior treatment performance at shock-loads of organics. The maximum bio-CH4 yield recorded during the study was 73.06 ± 6.48%. The findings of this study confirmed the suitability of applying this novel concept of ”co-digestion-based SAnMBR” towards sustainable and efficient waste management in modern-high rise establishments.
The leather sector remains one of the sectors that encounters a multitude of problems on an international scale, particularly in Morocco. Therefore, we carried out a literature review through which we were able to identify the major problems found within the leather sector. After that, we conducted a case study on the Chouara tannery in the fez Meknes region where we studied the problems found within the sector by using the 5M and SWOT methods as well as the proposal of certain improvement actions with a view to revitalizing the sector. The novelty of our work lies in the proposal of certain functionalities that could play the role of product lifecycle management (PLM) within the sector, such as life management, complaint management and cost management since the notion of PLM is absent within traditional tanneries. In addition, we propose integrating ecological PLM to limit the amount of garbage generated during the execution of tasks.
In this study, tannery wastewater treatment using a combined electrocoagulation–ultrasonication process and the optimization of operating parameters by response surface methodology were performed. The electrocoagulation process was conducted using aluminum electrodes by varying current density, pH, and time. The ultrasonication process was studied by varying probe diameter, power rate, and time. Mathematical models showing the effects of parameters on chemical oxygen demand reduction during the process were also developed with an average deviation of 6% compared to the experimental values. The optimum operating time for the electrocoagulation and ultrasonication in the combined process was found to be 60 and 45 min, respectively. Results indicate that a maximum chemical oxygen demand removal of 69% was observed by the combined process. Sludge obtained from the electrocoagulation process was used as a fertilizer additive in soil for plant seedlings. The nitrogen content in the sludge mixed soil has increased by 46% within 4 weeks compared to raw soil which provides additional growth supplements to the plant. The findings demonstrate that the multimodal treatment process is capable for the treatment of tannery wastewater. Further, response surface methodology is identified as a potential tool for the optimization of variables during the treatment process.
In this paper, some advanced oxidation electrochemical processes such as anodic oxidation (AO), electro-Fenton (EF), and photoelectro-Fenton (PEF) to carry out the degradation of the azo dye Reactive Orange 84 (RO84) are presented. For this, boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrodes were used, and different configurations were taken in a stirred tank cell, like BDD/graphite and BDD/BDD. The effect of different operating parameters on the discoloration process was evaluated, including the concentration of the supporting electrolyte, namely 50 and 75 mM of Na2SO4, along with 50 mM NaCl and mixtures of Na2SO4 + 25 mM NaCl. The effect of the applied current density at 25, 50, and 100 mA cm−2 over the loss of color was also analyzed using initial RO84 concentrations of 100 and 200 mg/L. The production of free radicals was evaluated in the bulk solution. The decrease in chemical oxygen demand (COD) was determined and the evolution of oxalic acid, a nontoxic, short-chain carboxylic acid was quantified as a final product of all treatments by using ion-exclusion high-performance liquid chromatography.
With the advent of the big data era, data-driven analysis to realize the mining of internal laws of data has gradually become a developmental trend in sewage management and decision-making. This paper explored the regression algorithm in machine learning (ML) including linear model, decision tree, ensemble learning, nearest neighbor model, support vector machine to predict the water quality of membrane bioreactor (MBR) in treating high salt ammonia nitrogen wastewater. Using conventional online monitoring data as characteristic variables, the concentrations of NH4⁺-Nout, NO3⁻-Nout, NO2⁻-Nout, CODout, and TNout were targeted for prediction. The parameter-adjusted learning curve and grid-search strategy optimized each training model. The importance of each input feature on the prediction target was analyzed. Finally, to better use wastewater enterprises' long-term accumulated water quality data and reduce the management difficulty and operation cost, this paper proposed a dataset contribution degree (DCD) analysis method by combining ML and evaluation indicators. The results showed that the integration algorithms had better performance in the training process and the accuracy of prediction results. Combining the datasets improved the model's prediction performance, and the raw data accumulation under the impact of salinity enhanced saline wastewater predictability.
