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This research evaluated the phytochemical profile and toxicological properties of the aqueous, ethyl acetate, methanol, and decocted extracts of the shell and seed of Atuna racemosa Rafin. Chrysobalanaceae (tabon-tabon). The phytochemical screening was qualitatively tested while Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay (BSLA) was employed for toxicity testing...
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... The increasing levels of atung seed powder at 2 and 4% decreased feed intake of the birds compared to the bird in groups fed of 0.5 and 1% atung seed powder, which was most likely related to the anti-nutritional factors (tannins) content in atung seed. Some studies have previously shown that atung seed contains phenols, tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, and saponins (Pacana and Galarpe, 2017a;Hehanussa et al., 2019). Tannins are considered anti-nutritional for animals, and non-ruminant is more sensitive to tannin when compared to ruminant (Mueller and Harvey, 2006). ...
This study investigated the effect of feeding atung (Parinarium glaberrimum Hassk.) seed meal on growth performance and haematology profile in broiler chickens. A total of 140 one-day-old male New Lohmann broiler chicks were randomly assigned to five treatment groups with four replicates and seven birds in each replicate pen. The dietary treatments consisted of feeding the same corn-soybean meal as the basal diet with atung seed powder inclusions at levels of 0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0%, respectively. The data were statistically analyzed using One-way with five treatments and four replications and continued with Duncan's New Multiple Range Test for data with a significant difference. Results showed that feed intake increased (p<0.05) in broiler chickens fed diets with 0.5 and 1% atung seed powder. At the same time, the inclusion of atung seed powder had no effect on final body weight, weight gain, and FCR. Inclusion of 1 and 2% atung seed powder significantly increased leucocyte counts, as well as the PCV value trend increased with the inclusion of atung seed powder. It can be concluded that atung seed powder additives can be supplemented in broiler chickens feed at doses 1% by improving feed intake and some haematological profiles.
... Moreover, methanolic extracts of the kernel have been found to have several phytochemicals, e.g. alkaloids, terpenoids, anthraquinone, flavonoids, saponins, coumarins and tannins (Pacaña and Galarpe, 2017a). ...
... Aside from the toxicity studies conducted (Buenz, 2007;Pacaña and Galarpe, 2017a), no reports on the total phenolic content and antifungal properties of A. racemosa seed extracts were made. Furthermore, earlier studies did not use ethanol as extracting solvent for phytochemical analysis and no broad-spectrum antibacterial screening was conducted. ...
... The presence of cardiac glycosides from the seed is first reported in this paper. Relatively high contents of phenolic compounds and tannins were detected in the extract; however, contrary to the initial phytochemical screening of the methanolic extracts (Pacaña and Galarpe, 2017a), flavonoids, terpenoids and alkaloids were absent (Table 3). Although methanol is highly toxic compared to ethanol, larger variety of compounds are extracted by methanol (Eloff, 1998), potentially causing the absence of the three phytochemicals in the ethanol extract. ...
Atuna racemosa Raf., a forest tree used to season raw fish dish in the Philippines, is proven to have antibacterial properties. The study aimed to help elucidate the significance of using its kernel as a condiment and consequently, increase its value by assessing its antimicrobial and phytochemical properties. The antimicrobial activity of its ethanolic extracts were screened against Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enterica ser. Typhimurium, Aspergillus niger, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida albicans using agar disc diffusion technique. Qualitative phytochemical screening was done, and total phenolic content was determined at a concentration of 100 mg dry sample per 1 mL solvent. The extract showed bacterial growth inhibition in Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus cereus while a mild antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger was observed. Phytochemical analysis detected the presence of cardiac glycosides, tannins, phenolic compounds and saponins in the extract. It yielded a total phenolic content of 42.7 mg GAE/100 g. This denotes that the kernel of A. racemosa has the potential to be classified as a natural food preservative and functional food.
... Studies have reported that the methanolic extract of A. racemosa fruits has high phenolic content and exhibit antioxidant properties. [5,6] This colored brown pulpy fruit is used to add soursweet flavor to the Philippine local delicacy "kinilaw" [7] and remove the "fishy" smell of the fish meat. However, during preparation, not the whole fruit of A. racemosa is consumed and most likely the unused part of the fruit is conserved and stored. ...
