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The purpose of this study was to explore how population density and socioeconomic status influenced the relationship between police legitimacy and collective efficacy. Previous research has explored the relationship between police legitimacy and collective efficacy with mixed results and recognized the impact that metropolitan areas and structural...
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Citations
... However, in Kochel's (2018b) study, there was a significant interaction with perceived victimisation risk, which suggested that when residents feel at risk and neighbourhood capacity is weak, residents may depend more on police and grant them more legitimacy. Three studies had somewhat different results, finding positive associations between legitimacy and collective efficacy (Jackson et al., 2013;Lammers, 2019;Schuck, 2019), but, overall, the empirical literature shows that legitimacy has less promise as a mechanism to foster collective efficacy. ...
Collective efficacy is a neighbourhood social process that has important benefits for crime prevention. Policing is thought to be one antecedent to collective efficacy, but the mechanisms by which police activity and officer behaviour are thought to foster collective efficacy are not well understood. This article presents findings from a rapid evidence assessment conducted to take stock of the empirical research on policing and collective efficacy. Thirty-nine studies were identified and examined. Overall, trust in police was the aspect of policing most consistently associated with collective efficacy. There was also some evidence that community policing activities, such as visibility and community engagement, predicted collective efficacy. Police legitimacy, on the other hand, was relatively unrelated to collective efficacy: a finding which suggests perceptions of police linked to the ‘action’ of individual officers may be more enabling of collective efficacy than perceptions of the policing institution as a whole. Implications and directions for future research are discussed.
Objectives
To systematically review the evidence of the relationship between policing and collective efficacy.
Methods
A systematic review and meta-analysis synthesising data from 16 studies (4 experimental/quasi-experimental, 12 observational) assessing the relationship between policing and collective efficacy.
Results
Overall, police trustworthiness was the only measure of policing that was significantly associated with collective efficacy. People who thought the police were an effective and supportive resource perceived greater collective efficacy in their neighbourhoods.
Conclusions
The contribution of policing to collective efficacy seems to be about supporting communities by providing a trustworthy presence, which may reassure people that the police will be there if needed.
