Figure - available from: Air Quality Atmosphere & Health
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Scatter plot showing relationship between the mean concentration of chlorine gas in total suspended particulate matter and the mean concentration of chlorine gas in respirable particulate matter in Benin City
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Chlorine gas is widely known as obnoxious gas in the environment. It is well documented that little amount of chlorine gas in the atmosphere can cause pulmonary edema, pneumonitis, emphysema, bronchitis, and irritation of eyes, throat, and nose, just to mention a few. The thrust of this work is to investigate the breathing disease and health hazard...
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Marijuana use has become more common since its legalization, as have reports of marijuana-associated spontaneous pneumomediastinum. Non-spontaneous causes such as esophageal perforation are often ruled out on presentation due to the severe consequences of untreated disease. Here we seek to characterize the presentation of marijuana-ass...
Citations
... Health risk assessments from exposure to these PAHs were also determined using toxicity equivalence quotient (TEQ), mutagenicity equivalence quotient 2021; Trejos et al., 2021;Villalobos-Pietrini et al., 2007). Particulate matter (PM) has been associated with a lot of adverse health effects (Dutton et al., 2010;Ediagbonya et al., 2014;Ediagbonya & Tobin, 2020). PM 10 and PM 2.5 , with aerodynamic diameters less than 10 μm and 2.5 μm, respectively, when inhaled into the respiratory tract could cause serious human health and environmental issues (Ramirez et al., 2020;Oliveira et al., 2020;Silva et al., 2020a, b, c). ...
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are an important organic group in particulate matter which has attracted much attention among the scientific community in terms of health risk because of their carcinogenic, mutagenic, and ubiquitous nature in the environment. In this study, PAHs in particulate matter in Okitipupa were determined. Indoor and outdoor particle samples were sampled with the aid of SKC Air Check XR5000 high-volume gravimetric sampler, and analyzed using gas chromatography flame ionization detector (GC-FID). The results obtained showed that high molecular weight PAHs (5-ring, 6-ring PAHs) had higher mean concentration than low molecular weight PAHs (2-ring, 3-ring PAHs), in both indoor and outdoor particulate matter. Health risk assessments from exposure to these PAHs were also determined using toxicity equivalence quotient (TEQ), mutagenicity equivalence quotient (MEQ), incremental life cancer risk (ILCR), and hazard quotient (HQ). Dibenz(a,h)anthracene had the highest mean concentration across the sample location in both indoor and outdoor with values ranging from 33 to 31 and 90 to 93 µg/m³ respectively. The total mean concentration in outdoor PAHs ranged from 280 to 329 µg/m³, while total mean concentration in indoor PAHs ranged from 74 to 104 µg/m³. The incremental lifetime cancer risk in indoor ranged from 6.9 × 10–7 to 1.2 × 10–5, while the ILCR in outdoor ranged from 8.5 × 10–6 to 1.0 × 10–5. The hazard quotient in indoor ranged from 7.6 × 10–5 to 2.2 × 10–3, while the HQ in outdoor ranged from 10 × 10–4 to 1.4 × 10–3. These values are within the WHO permissible limit, and therefore underscores the danger associated with the inhalation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Okitipupa.
The global nitrogen cycle, ecology, and secondary particle generation are just a few of the ways that atmospheric ammonia (NH 3 ) influences the environment. Our findings present an unparalleled depiction of the temporal and geographical properties of atmospheric NH 3 in and around this megacity, based on long-term, continuous measurements of NH 3 at various locations in Ondo State. The increase in atmospheric ammonia during this anthropogenic era is believed to pose a significant threat to humanity, with scientists linking it to a rise in global warming and climate change. KP-826 multiple gas detector was used to investigate ammonia gas in five locations within Ondo state and its correlation with meteorological parameters was examined in this study. The selection of Dumpsite, Cattle rearing farm and Poultry farm was purposeful because of their involvement in the production of ammonia gas. The mean concentration of NH 3 (ppm) during wet season was 3.87 ± 1.60 and for dry season was 5.87 ± 1.60. The mean temperature (°C) in wet conditions is 32.51 ± 1.27, which is a little lower than the mean (33.51 ± 1.25) in dry conditions. The mean wind speed (in m/s) during wet conditions is 1.21 ± 0.32, which is greater than the mean wind speed (in m/s) during dry conditions of 1.11 ± 0.32. The mean value of humidity for wet situations is 72.08 ± 2.31, which is a little lower than the mean value for dry conditions, which is 76.07 ± 2.31. This work evaluated the potential health risks associated with NH 3 . The total hazard quotient (THQ) for adult was 1.30 x 10 − 6 for children 1.50 x 10 − 6 . The children's HQ ranged from 2.41 to 4.15. The adult's ranged from 8.70 to 15.13. However, it was discovered that the health risk posed by breathing in atmospheric NH 3 was far higher than the USEPA limits, where HQ > 1
Air pollution is one of the universal forest reserve bane that demolishes the bark, leaves, and plant root. The aim of the study was to determine the effects of road proximity on elements accumulation in Gmelina arborea and soil samples. The leaves were dried on oven at around 75 °C and blended with electric blender to powder. The dried soil samples and the pulverized dried leaves were pelletized for the determination of metal concentration using particle induced X-ray emission (PIXE). The concentration of the elements in soil and leaves obtained in this study was higher than the limit of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and the WHO. The bio-availability values for the elements except for Aluminum was higher than the regulatory limit. The mean soil concentrations of Al, Na, P, and K were greater than the IAEA maximum. The trend of the elemental concentrations in leaves was Pb < Cd < Sn < Sr < Zn < P < Ag < Cr < Al < Mn < Cu < Mg < K < Si < Ca < Ti < Fe while the trend in soil was Pb < Zn < Sn < Cu < Ag < Cd < Cl < P < Mn < Na < Ca < Zr < K < Mg < Al < Ti < Si < Fe. The study provided information on the best distance to keep from the highway for the establishment of healthy flora species.
