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Source publication
For the evaluation of action programs to reduce surface water pollution,
water authorities invest heavily in water quality monitoring. However,
sampling frequencies are generally insufficient to capture the dynamical
behavior of solute concentrations. This results in large uncertainties
in the estimates of loads and average concentrations, which co...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... water quality monitoring differs from groundwater quality monitoring in network design principles and sampling methods. Surface water is di- rectly sampled from lakes, rivers, and streams (Fig. 2). The monitoring locations are mainly situated in the downstream parts of the larger streams (e.g. Bartram & Balance 1996, CIW 2001). These downstream mon- itoring locations are considered representative of the surface water quality of a larger catchment, integrating all upstream sources of pollution. In addition, these lo- cations do ...
Citations
... These studies aim to detect flow routes, groundwater-surface water interactions, and travel time distributions with emphasis on the interactions between variables in different hydrological compartments, in particular those between groundwater and surface water. The added value of high-frequency monitoring is its ability to distinguish between fast and slow flow components (see Poulsen et al., 2015b;Shreshta et al., 2013;Rozemeijer et al., 2010aRozemeijer et al., , 2012. High-frequency monitoring has also stimulated the development of new approaches to characterize the transient nature of travel time distributions (Van der Velde et al., 2010;Botter et al., 2011;Hrachowitz et al., 2015). ...
Four sessions on "Monitoring Strategies: temporal trends in groundwater and surface water quality and quantity" at the EGU conferences in 2012, 2013, 2014, and 2015 and a special issue of HESS form the background for this overview of the current state of high-resolution monitoring of nutrients. The overview includes a summary of technologies applied in high-frequency monitoring of nutrients in the special issue. Moreover, we present a new assessment of the objectives behind high-frequency monitoring as classified into three main groups: (i) improved understanding of the underlying hydrological, chemical, and biological processes (PU); (ii) quantification of true nutrient concentrations and loads (Q); and (iii) operational management, including evaluation of the effects of mitigation measures (M). The contributions in the special issue focus on the implementation of high-frequency monitoring within the broader context of policy making and management of water in Europe for support of EU directives such as the Water Framework Directive, the Groundwater Directive, and the Nitrates Directive. The overview presented enabled us to highlight the typical objectives encountered in the application of high-frequency monitoring and to reflect on future developments and research needs in this growing field of expertise.
Four sessions on "Monitoring Strategies: temporal trends in groundwater and surface water quality and quantity" at the EGU-conferences in 2012, 2013, 2014 and 2015 and a special issue of HESS form the background for this overview of the current state of high resolution monitoring of nutrients. The overview includes a summary of technologies applied in high frequency monitoring of nutrients in the special issue. Moreover, we present a new assessment of the objectives behind high frequency monitoring as classified into three main groups: (i) improved understanding of the underlying hydrological, chemical and biological processes (PU); (ii) quantification of true nutrient concentrations and loads (Q); (iii) operational management, including evaluation of the effects of mitigation measures (M). The contributions in the special issue focus on the implementation of high frequency monitoring within the broader context of policy making and management in Europe for support of EU Directives such as the Water Framework Directive, the Groundwater Directive and the Nitrate Directive. The overview presented based on the special issue and the presentations at the four EGU sessions enabled us to highlight the typical objectives encountered in the application of high frequency monitoring to support EU Directives, to assess the temporal and spatial scales and to reflect on future developments and research needs in this growing field of expertise.
