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During the last few years, East-Europeans, predominantly Romanians, have become the second largest cultural minority in Catalonia (Spain). Spanish educational institutions now have students from more than twenty different cultures. This paper focuses on the educational background and the factors which characterize the educational experience of Roma...
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Context 1
... sample and participants characteristics are explained below: The interviews were taken between 45 and 60 minutes and the focus-groups about one hour. The following is a sample of the blocks and the main topics used in the interviews (Table 4) and focus-groups (Table 5): Table 4. Sample of the main topics used in the interviews Topics/questions First part: school 1. What are the strengths of education in Romania, in your opinion? 2. What you consider that are the weaknesses of education in Romania? 3. In what ways children have more difficulties in integration? ...
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... Por otro lado, la importancia que la familia otorga a la educación, la valoración social y familiar de la escuela en el país de origen y la actitud de los padres respecto a la educación de sus hijos/as en los nuevos contextos también son elementos clave (Ion, 2011;Carbonell, 2007). Estas actitudes son las que a menudo configuran las expectativas que desarrollan los hijos/as, los cuales, a la vez, están influidos por los modelos de éxito académico familiar y comunitarios existentes. ...
... En el caso de los rumanos, en cambio, el "espejo social" es muy positivo, ya que estos chicos y chicas son vistos por el profesorado como bien preparados, con habilidades educativas y dominio de lenguas, y los considera disciplinados y respetuosos (Ion, 2011). Bereményi (2007) les aplica el concepto de minoría modelo (model minority), argumentando que las representaciones sociales positivas formadas sobre los trabajadores con origen en Europa central y oriental influyen en las percepciones del profesorado sobre el alumnado rumano. ...
La creciente presencia de hijos e hijas de inmigrantes nacidos en Cataluña o llegados en la infancia conlleva una serie de retos en los procesos educativos y de incorporación al mercado laboral de la sociedad de recepción. Bajo el imaginario colectivo de "minoría modelo" asociado a las comunidades asiáticas, se tiende a pensar que los y las jóvenes de estos grupos tienen un mejor rendimiento académico gracias a una cultura que se transmite en el corazón de la institución familiar (Louie, 2004; Carbonell, 2007). No obstante, el concepto de minoría modelo subestima la importancia de factores estructurales como la segregación escolar y residencial (Carrasco, Pàmies, y Narciso, 2018), el papel de los centros educativos (Sánchez, 2016) o la discriminación por raza, género y/o clase como causantes de desigualdades (Bertran, Ponferrada, y Pàmies 2014; Kasinitz et al. 2008).
Esta investigación, que resulta de la beca posdoctoral Josep Irla, nace con la doble finalidad de aportar evidencias empíricas que contrasten con estos imaginarios estereotipados y llenar un vacío en la literatura. En particular, analiza las trayectorias educativas y los procesos de incorporación laboral de los y las jóvenes de origen chino y pakistaní del Área Metropolitana de Barcelona. Esto es mediante una metodología cualitativa y un análisis comparativo entre ambos colectivos, incluyendo la perspectiva de género. Tras un exhaustivo estado de la cuestión, se exponen los resultados haciendo hincapié en la influencia de los factores a nivel individual, familiar, comunitario, social y escolar, en relación con la principal literatura alrededor de las denominadas "segundas generaciones".
... In Italy, 1 for example, many cases of discrimination and aggression toward Roma have been reported (e.g., FRA, 2008) and rejection of Roma is a current political issue on which extreme positions are taken, such that Italian vice-Prime Minister, Matteo Salvini, recently expressed his willingness to compose a list of Roma people and expel them (Povoledo & Pianigiani, 2018). Not only Roma, but also the national group of Romanians (who represent the most numerous foreign population in Italy; ISTAT, 2018) is targeted with heinous prejudice both in Italy (see also Moscatelli, Menegatti, Pratto, & Rubini, 2019) and in Europe (e.g., Ion, 2011). Interestingly, Woodcock (2007) highlighted that a substantial proportion of Romanians attribute the discrimination they suffer to the association of their national group with the Roma minority. ...
Two studies investigated outgroup-to-outgroup generalization, addressing whether members of negatively perceived minority outgroups are perceived as prototypical of larger partially-inclusive outgroups and whether this tendency is enhanced under intergroup threat. Both experimental studies were conducted with Italian undergraduate participants. Experiment 1 (N = 186) tested whether Roma are generalized onto (i.e., perceived as prototypical of) Romanians to a higher extent under intergroup realistic and symbolic threat than under no-threat. It also explored the direction of the phenomenon and its underlying mechanism. Experiment 2 (N = 90) provided additional evidence on the effect of threat on such generalization phenomenon considering a different pair of groups (Islamic terrorists, Arabs) and employing a less blatant measure of generalization. Overall, these studies provided consistent evidence of outgroup-to-outgroup generalization, clarifying the conditions of its occurrence. These results contribute to the understanding of the phenomenon of outgroup-to-outgroup generalization and of its impact on outgroup perception and prejudice.
... In Italy, 1 for example, many cases of discrimination and aggression toward Roma have been reported (e.g., FRA, 2008) and rejection of Roma is a current political issue on which extreme positions are taken, such that Italian vice-Prime Minister, Matteo Salvini, recently expressed his willingness to compose a list of Roma people and expel them (Povoledo & Pianigiani, 2018). Not only Roma, but also the national group of Romanians (who represent the most numerous foreign population in Italy; ISTAT, 2018) is targeted with heinous prejudice both in Italy (see also Moscatelli, Menegatti, Pratto, & Rubini, 2019) and in Europe (e.g., Ion, 2011). Interestingly, Woodcock (2007) highlighted that a substantial proportion of Romanians attribute the discrimination they suffer to the association of their national group with the Roma minority. ...
... Anti-Roma hostility is very high in Italy (Claps & Vitale, 2011;ODIHR, 2008) where many cases of discrimination and aggression have been reported (Amnesty International, 2008). Not only Roma, but also the national group of Romanians suffer widespread prejudice in Europe more generally (e.g., Ion, 2011), as well as in Italy specifically (ECRI, 2012). Interestingly, Woodcock (2007) highlighted that a consistent portion of Romanians attribute the discrimination they suffer to the association with the Roma subgroup. ...
Outgroup projection is the tendency to generalise
among members of different outgroups as if their
members were all alike. The present study analysed
this almost unexplored phenomenon and
tested whether intergroup threat enhances the tendency
to generalise the members of a negativelyvalued
outgroup (i.e., Roma) onto another larger
(partially) inclusive outgroup (i.e., Romanians).
Evidence showed that Roma are generalised to
Romanians to a higher extent under realistic and
symbolic threat conditions. Outgroup projection is
discussed in relation to the ingroup projection bias
and the ingroup over-exclusion effect.
... Romanian migrant students schooled in different educational systems may experience identity problems due to cultural differences and poor language proficiency (Eirini, 2001), and are characterized in some research reports as less autonomous and rarely open to group work and social participation (Ion, 2011). ...
The present study focuses on the adjustment of Romanian immigrant students in emigration schools. The sample was comprised of 102 Romanian immigrant students, 40 male and 62 female, between the ages of 11 and 18, attending different schools in countries such as Spain, Italy and Belgium. Students’ adjustment was investigated by means of a questionnaire consisting of four subscales: linguistic adaptation, cultural adaptation, school adjustment and teacher-student relationship. Results indicate that while immigrant students have a satisfactory level of educational and linguistic adjustment, the social adjustment is less satisfactory. We also obtained correlations between linguistic adaptation and school adjustment, linguistic adaptation and social adaptation, linguistic adaptation and teacher-student relationship, school adjustment and social adaptation, school adjustment and teacher-student relationship, social adaptation and teacher-student relationship. Other correlations were found between the number of years that Romanian immigrant students spent in the host country and linguistic adaptation, school adjustment and teacher-student relationship.
... Their perceptions about dimensions of classroom climate may be also an effect of their determination to succeed in school, as a first step in improving their future life conditions. The overall negative effect of migration on Romanian teenagers' perceptions about school climate, especially in terms of peers' interactions in the classroom, autonomy and the use of investigation skills is also supported by the literature, as they probably must overcome social and communication barriers (Ion, 2011). The lack of previous research on this specific group of migrant students narrows foundations for further discussions, but also encourages more similar approaches. ...
The study focuses on perceptions of school climate among Romanian children affected by parental/family migration. The sample includes 250 high-school students: 82 from families with no migration history, 92 left behind by migrant parents, and 76 schooled abroad. Perceptions of school climate were measured with a self-administered, adapted version of a questionnaire developed by Fraser et al. (1996). Results indicate significant variations among the three groups of participants in terms of perceived students’ cohesiveness, autonomy and investigation. The study offers preliminary insights into the situation of Romanian children with a migration background, emphasizing the need for empirical evidence.
... In addition, these children are exposed to higher anxiety and depression, and weaker social bounds (Robila, 2011). Romanian migrant students schooled in different educational systems may experience identity problems due to cultural differences and poor language proficiency (Eirini, 2001), and are characterized in some research reports as less autonomous and rarely open to group work and social participation (Ion, 2011). ...
The present study focuses on students' perceptions about school climate and parental behaviors, attempting to uncover differences between Romanian children left behind by migrant parents and Romanian migrant children schooled in different educational systems. The sample included 316 Romanian high- school students: 144 students left behind by migrant parents, and 172 migrant students. Students' perceptions of school climate and parental behaviors were investigated with two measures, adapted and self- administered, which show acceptable internal consistency. Results indicate significant variations among the groups of participants in terms of perceptions of school climate and parental behaviors. Findings are discussed against available literature. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
... Anti-Roma hostility is very high in Italy (Claps & Vitale, 2011;ODIHR, 2008) where many cases of discrimination and aggression have been reported (Amnesty International, 2008). Not only Roma, but also the national group of Romanians suffer widespread prejudice in Europe more generally (e.g., Ion, 2011), as well as in Italy specifically (ECRI, 2012). Interestingly, Woodcock (2007) highlighted that a consistent portion of Romanians attribute the discrimination they suffer to the association with the Roma subgroup. ...
This contribution considers outgroup projection, that is, the tendency to extend the negative contents of prejudice towards a minority subgroup (Roms) to the superinclusive group (Romanians), according to an outgroup projection process. Preliminary Study 1 examines stereotypic representations of Roms and Romanians. Preliminary Study 2 evaluates perceptions of the two groups with respect to predictors of stereotype content. Then, the MainStudy examines the more general projection process of the Roms subgroup on Romanians. Evidence supports existence of such outgroup projection process.
