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We investigate why it is that sharing digital photographs on the Internet is not as compelling as sharing photographs in a face-to-face environment. We discuss prototypes from both the author and viewer's perspective, and report user test findings. We then discuss the growing importance of emotion in the computing experience. INTRODUCTION From the...
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... Of these four options, co-present or face-toface (F2F) photo sharing is regarded as the most enjoyable, and often seen as a way of reliving the experience with others [24]. Compared to digital photos uploaded to social media sites such as Instagram or Flickr where likes and comments are the currency of communication, co-present photo sharing allows the photographer to vividly communicate the experience through storytelling and emotion [66]. More importantly, digital photographs lack the tangibility and manipulability of physical photographs, an aspect considered important by many users [24]. ...
Millions of photos are shared online daily, but the richness of interaction compared with face-to-face (F2F) sharing is still missing. While this may change with social Virtual Reality (socialVR), we still lack tools to measure such immersive and interactive experiences. In this paper, we investigate photo sharing experiences in immersive environments, focusing on socialVR. Running context mapping (N=10), an expert creative session (N=6), and an online experience clustering questionnaire (N=20), we develop and statistically evaluate a questionnaire to measure photo sharing experiences. We then ran a controlled, within-subject study (N=26 pairs) to compare photo sharing under F2F, Skype, and Facebook Spaces. Using interviews, audio analysis, and our questionnaire, we found that socialVR can closely approximate F2F sharing. We contribute empirical findings on the immersiveness differences between digital communication media, and propose a socialVR questionnaire that can in the future generalize beyond photo sharing.
... Photography can help people record and document family moments, capture phenomena and express the professional artistic images. With the advent of digital media, photography has become increasingly popular in daily life, with nearly sixty million photos being taken per day [34]. Such popularity has driven the creation of various kinds of devices and applications, such as digital camera, digital photo printers, digital picture frames, camera phones, photo-editing software, and online photo sharing services. ...
A photograph is considered a medium with emotional legibility and a means of expressing and exchanging emotional experience. This research presents the interactive emotional photo frame system focusing on mediating individual affective experience among close relationships. This emotional photo frame system dynamically controls the photograph based on a user's affective states and user-specified emotion reaction rules. It is designed for helping users recognize and experience the same emotions with others. The system consists of an emotion recognition system, an emotion share server and an emotional digital picture frame. The emotion recognition system analyzes photoplethysmography, skin temperature and galvanic skin response signals to recognize user's emotional states and transmits the results to the server in real-time. The server stores user emotional data with individual emotion reaction rules that define how the picture frame should affect the photo in response to individual affective states. The emotional picture frame renders personalized visual and aural elements on the photograph according to the feedback of emotions. This paper presents an empirical exploration of the effectiveness of this system. The results revealed that most participants were influenced by their partner's emotion presented in this system. There was a strong relation of emotion sharing between the partners.
... Flickr and other online photo sharing services aim to provide users with sharing experiences and communication among users. Vronay and Davis [17] argued that sharing photos through online is not as compelling as sharing pho- tos face-to-face. This is because the text annotation for the sharing photos online does not convey the emotion and feelings as sharing photos face-to-face. ...
In this paper, we propose a collaborative guidance system which provides information extracted from a shared photo collection based on a user's context. The user's gaze history is used to determine the user's situation in the real world. In our proposed system, we use a photograph viewpoint logging (PVL) system, which was previously developed to record the real world as photographs with viewpoint information (based on the photographer's position and direction of gaze). In the prototype of the PVL system, a user terminal consisting of a mobile phone with an attached motion sensor, a GPS sensor, and a notebook PC is used for logging the position and orientation of the mobile phone. Based on the PVL system, we design the collaborative guidance system by using a multi-gaze history and the shared photograph collection. After a user takes two or three photographs consecutively, the collaborative guidance system provides useful and well-processed content based on the user situation.
... It was found that sharing photographs this way was not as enjoyable as conventional photo sharing. Vronay [20] and his colleagues tried to determine why sharing photos this way was not as compelling as sharing photos face-to-face. They found that sharing photos online with text annotation does not convey the emotion and storytelling as sharing photos face-to-face. ...
... It is important, then, that any system be evaluated for both Story-driven and Photo-driven style applications. Research from Frohlich [10], Kindberg [13] and Vronay [20] all suggest that sharing photographs face-to-face is the most common and enjoyable method of photo sharing. It would seem that to achieve compelling photo-sharing, supporting co-present face-to-face sharing should be the foundation of the design for our prototype. ...
The paper reports a mobile application that allows users to share photos with other co-present users by synchronizing the display on multiple mobile devices. Various floor control policies (software locks that determine when someone can control the displays) were implemented. The behaviour of groups of users was studied to determine how people would use this application for sharing photos and how various floor control policies affect this behaviour. Explicit policies was shown to be the best strategy for structured presentations, but when all locks were removed, the users created a new form of social interaction which seemed to be a more compelling use of the technology than the original, intended, application.
The chapters in this book are testament to the range of possibilities enabled by current communications technologies. Our own interest in this is reflected in ar-ticles and books that we have written that report on the use of various technolo-gies, whether it be SMS (Harper et al., 2005) or fully duplex mobile telephony (Brown et al., 2001). In this chapter, we want to take a different view: a view not on what communication technologies have done and do, but a view on what they might do when designed in novel ways. More particularly, in this chapter, we would like to explain why it is that, in the Socio-Digital Systems Group in Mi-crosoft Research in Cambridge, England, we have set up a programme of inquir-ies into what we are calling New Communications Genre. This is a long-term programme where we hope to invent and demonstrate the value of a variety of new ways of communicating, of expressing and being in touch.
The workshop focuses on the role of affect and emotion in computer systems including the three dimensions: emotion recognition, emotion generation and emotion modeling. Both shallow and deep models of emotion are in the focus of interest. The goal is to provide a forum for the presentation of research as well as of existing and future applications and for lively discussions among researchers and industry. In recent years computer science research has shown increasing efforts in the field of software agents which incorporate emotion. Several approaches have been made concerning emotion recognition, emotion modeling, generation of emotional user interfaces and dialogue systems as well as anthropomorphic communication agents. Motivations for emotional computing are manifold. From a scientific point of view, emotions play an essential role in decision making, as well as in perception and learning. Furthermore, emotions influence rational thinking and therefore should be part of rational agents as proposed by artificial intelligence research. Another focus is on human-computer interfaces which include believable animations of interface agents.
PhotoArcs is a framework for flexible creation of timeline displays of photographs, photo-narratives, and consistent, collaboratively-created metadata. The interface aims to enable easy and fun manipulation and sharing of digital photographs and stories, organized around chronological "arcs" of photographs, to encourage remote sharing and interaction. We describe the design of the interface and how the design has changed across three iterations. We also report on the results of an exploratory lowfidelity usability study with five participants and an expert evaluation and critique with eleven user experience researchers, and outline future directions for the PhotoArcs project.
With the development of Web 2.0 technologies, the sharing of photographs has increased. In this paper, the authors evaluate the art of photography, analyze how to develop intelligent photograph sharing system, and explaine the requirements of such systems. The authors present an architecture of an intelligent Web 2.0 based system and in future hope to add more modules for retention of users on the system. The system focuses on Web 2.0 usage, web mining for personalization service, and brings a different approach to collaborative filtering.
