FIGURE 10 - uploaded by Marcus José de Azevedo Falcão
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SEM of anthers, pollen grains and hypanthium in Poeppigia. A. Dehiscence of the anther in P. procera from Cuba; B-C. Dehiscence of the anther in P. procera from Amazon (Brazil: Rondônia); D-F. Dehiscence of the anther in P. densiflora (Brazil: Bahia); G. Pollen of P. densiflora; H. Pollen of P. procera from Amazon; I. Pollen of P. procera from Cuba; J. Interior of the hypanthium of P. procera. A, I: Howard 5162; B-C, H, J: Simon, M.F. 2027; D-G: Falcão, M.J. 78. Scale bar. A-F: 100 μm; G-I: 2 μm; J: 200 μm
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Poeppigia is a Neotropical genus of legumes that occurs from Mexico and Cuba to eastern Brazil and is considered until now to be monospecific with two varieties. Being one of the 17 genera in the subfamily Dialioideae, Poeppigia stands out as one of the few genera with not reduced perianth and androecium, representing a possible link between this s...
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Citations
... The fruits in other Dialioideae are polyspermic samaroid with one reduced wing, globose camaras, or more rarely drupes or legumes (Maingay, 1873;Falcão et al., present work). In a proposal to reclassify the fruit types in Dialioideae genera (Falcão et al., 2021;2022;present work;in prep), primarily based on the classification by Barroso et al. (1999), we adapted some concepts related to samaroid legumes and samaras to the morphological variations of the subfamily fruits. Thus, we maintain the classification by Barroso et al. (1999) for the fruits of Martiodendron as samaras. ...
... They have well-developed leaf primordia in the seed (figure 12L-N), the first eophylls unifoliolate, broad, and with a cordate to truncate base, subsequent eophylls trifoliolate, and the leaves imparipinnate with alternate leaflets ( Figure 12A-E). On the other hand, Poeppigia (Falcão et al., 2021), differs from the other genera in that it has inconspicuous leaf primordia, only the first pair of unifoliate eophylls, narrow and with a wedge base, and the following eophylls already with several paripinnate leaflets. More comparisons between seedlings of the group were made by Hartmann & Rodrigues (2014). ...
Martiodendron (Leguminosae/Fabaceae) is a Neotropical genus of trees and shrubs comprising five species. It is characterized by its yellow pentamerous corolla, four to five long poricidal anthers and large, attractive red samaras; it represents an intermediate stage of floral reduction among the 17 genera of the subfamily Dialioideae, which display diverse floral morphologies including different types of reduced flowers in the perianth and androecium. The last taxonomic revision of Martiodendron was published some 60 years ago and there is frequent misidentification of specimens in herbaria, databases, and floristic works with mistreatment of taxa and unclear geographic distributions. Thus, circumscriptions of the species and varieties of the genus require reassessment in light of the substantial new data that has become available during the last several decades. Here, we synthesized morphological, geographical, and ecological data on the genus to produce a modern integrative taxonomic treatment. Our taxonomic concepts are underpinned by analysis of 352 herbarium specimens and substantial fieldwork in South America. We recognize five species and four varieties of Martiodendron. All of these taxa display high levels of morphological and geographical cohesion. One of the varieties, M. mediterraneum var. concinnum, is described as new to science. Detailed descriptions of each recognized taxa are accompanied by illustrations, distribution maps, conservation status assessments, and complete nomenclatural treatments with four new lectotypifications. An identification key and a morphometric analysis of fruits are also provided.
Androcalymma Dwyer, a monospecific and morphologically unique genus on the legume subfamily Dialioideae, stands out as one of the less known genera of Fabaceae, not being molecularly sampled in phylogenetic studies of the family until now, which led to an uncertain position among other taxa in its clade. Androcalymma glabrifolium, endemic to a small and hardly accessible area in the Brazilian Amazon rainforest, was collected once in 1936 and never seen after that, even being conjectured as possibly extinct. Here we describe a recent expedition searching for this enigmatic and rare tree that brought to light an extant population of the species in an indigenous area where it still thrives. The fruits of Androcalymma are here described and illustrated for the first time, as also its flowers’ colors and several other new characters. Here we present its first photographic register, and its DNA is compared to other Dialioideae bringing a solid relationship with the also Amazonian genus Dicorynia, a grouping sustained here by many known and newly discovered morphological characteristics. SEM analyses of flowers and fruits, conservation assessments indicating the critically endangered situation of the genus, taxonomic descriptions, and geographic, systematic, and ecological comments are made.
