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SEM-micrographs of spores of Parahemionitis arifolia (Burm.) Panigrahi: A-proximal side of spore, laesura arms are obscured by numerous cristae; B-distal side of spore; C, D-spore in equatorial position, laesura above. Spores on C and D have fragment of destroyed perispore, where wrinkled exospore is visible. Scale bars: A, B, D30μm, C-20 μm.
Source publication
A study of spores of the single species of the genus Parahemionitis Panigrahi was performed using the method of scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). Spores of Parahemionitis arifolia (Burm. f.) Panigrahi are tetrahedral trilete, roundish-triangular in polar position, with micro-wrinkled exospore and sculptured perispore. Sculpture of perispore is...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... arifolia forms typical for Pteridaceae tetrahedral trilete spores (Fig. 1). Spores are roundish-triangular in polar position, with convex sides and wide-rounded corners. In equatorial position, the distal side is hemispherical, proximal side is broadly conical. Spores have plain exospore and sculptured perispore. Exospore is micro-wrinkled, visible in case of destruction of fragile perispore. Perispore on the ...
Citations
... The spore morphology of Cheilanthoideae and Pteridoideae (Pteridaceae) species observed under SEM represents variations in size, shape, aperture and surface ornamentation, as described in many previous studies (Giacosa, Morbelli, & Giudice, 2004;Makgomol, 2006;Nayar & Devi, 1966, 1967Vaganov, Gureyeva, Shmakov, Kuznetsov, & Romanets, 2018a, 2018b Nayar and Devi (1967) reported spore size 47 Â 60 μm, with trilete, tetrahedral shape and verrucate and rugulose ornamentation; while Vaganov et al. (2020) reported spore size 46 Â 49 μm. The spores of Aleuritopteris albomarginata and A. ancepes were observed to be trilete, tetrahedral, that agreed with the earlier work of Sen and Mukhopadhay (2011) and Tryon and Lugardon (1991 Morbelli et al. (2001) and Nayar andDevi (1966, 1967 et al. (1990) and Vaganov et al. (2017Vaganov et al. ( , 2020. ...
Taxonomy and spore morphology of 12 taxa of Cheilanthoideae and Pteridoideae (Pteridaceae, Polypodiales) from Pakistan is illustrated with scanning electron micros-copy images based upon the specimens collected from various localities. A total of six genera belong to 12 taxa viz. Actiniopteris radiata, Aleuritopteris albomarginata, A. ancepes, Notholaena himalaica, Oeosporangium nitidulum, O. pteridioides subsp. acrosticum, Onychium cryptogrammoides subsp. cryptogrammoides, O. vermae, Pteris cretica subsp. cretica, P. cretica subsp. laeta, P. vittata subsp. emodi, and P. vittata subsp. vittata were reported. Spore morphology of the taxa was trilete, triangular in proximal and distal view, ellipsoidal and hemicircular in equatorial view, polar proximal and distal surface with cristate, granulose, reticulate, perforate and tuberculate ornamentation.
Herbarium specimens of Monogramma graminea (Poir) Schkuhr (Vittarioideae, Pteridaceae) from the collection of the Herbarium LE (V.L. Komarov Botanical Institute of RAS, Saint-Petersburg) and digital images of the herbarium specimens of M. graminea from the Herbaria P (Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris) and BM (Natural History Museum, London) were analyzed. The collections contain six specimens collected by Ph. Commerson on Ile-de-France Island and representing the original material of Pteris graminea – the basionym of Monogramma graminea. The lectotype of Pteris graminea is designated here by I.I. Gureyeva, I.V. Sokolova, and A.V. Vaganov: “Ile de France. Herb. Commerson” (P: Р00674761). Four more specimens were identified as syntypes: P01344296; P01344312, left lower plant; P01420498 (all from P); BM000605316 (BM); LE00050576, upper plant (LE).
The spores of the M. graminea specimen stored in LE were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The spores are trilete, tetrahedral. In equatorial position, the distal side of the spores is hemispherical, proximal one is conical; in proximal-polar and distal-polar positions, the spores are rounded-triangular, the surface of the spores between the laesura arms is slightly depressed. The equatorial diameter is 34.5(32.2–35.7) μm, the polar axis is 33.0(32.4–33.7) μm, the laesura arms are prominent, straight, 19.3(18.8–20.1) μm long, 1.2(1.0–1.5) μm wide. The exospore without sculpture, its surface is plain, smooth or slightly granulate. Perispore abraded, remaining on the spore surface as the small fragments. M. graminea is similar in spore characteristics to four Haplopteris species: H. guineensis (Desv.) E.H. Crane, H. humblotii (Hieron.) S. Linds. et C.W. Chen, H. schliebenii (Reimers) Schuettp. and H. volkensii (Hieron.) E.H. Crane, which, like Monogramma graminea, have an African-Indian Ocean range, and differ from Asian-Pacific species of Haplopteris with bilateral spores, including H. dareicarpa (Hook.) S. Linds. et C.W. Chen, recently transferred in this genus from Monogramma.
This paper continues consideration of the spores of three paleotropical fern genera – Taenitis, Syngramma, and Austrogramme (Pteridoideae, Pteridaceae) from South-Eastern Asia and Oceania. At the second stage, we carried out a comparative scanning electron microscopy study of spores of three species of Austrogramme, four species of Syngramma, and six species of Taenitis and added information about previously studied spores of seven species of these genera. Spores of all examined species are trilete, tetrahedral or tetrahedral-globose with convex to hemispherical distal side and plane, convex or conical proximal side. The spores of Austrogramme species are the smallest, simplest in ornamentation and similar to each other. Sculpture of the proximal and distal sides are microverrucate, the surface of the spores is covered by granular deposits. Spores of most Syngrammaspecies are very similar to spores of Austrogramme species in shape and surface sculpture: their distal and proximal surfaces are microverrucate, whereas the spores of S. borneensis and S. cartilagidens have the low-tuberculate sculpture. Spores of Taenitis species are very different from the spores of Austrogramme and Syngramma. Seven of nine studied species have spores with well-expressed cingulum (T. blechnoides, T. cordata, T. diversifolia, T. interrupta, T. luzonica, T. obtusa, and T. requiniana), three species (T. cordata, T. hookeri, and T. pinnata) have spores with prominent laesural ridges. The spores have well-expressed ornamentation – tuberculate, baculate, rugate, tuberculate-rugate. The most conspicuous character of the ornamentation of spore surfaces is the presence of rodlets associated with sculpture elements. The densest rodlets are characteristic of Taenitis diversifolia, T. luzonica, T. obtusa, and T. requiniana. Spore size (equatorial diameter) ranges on average between 22 μm and 37 μm in Austrogramme, between 27 μm and 41 μm in Syngramma, and between 26 and 51 μm in Taenitis species.
Herbarium specimens of Monogramma graminea (Poir) Schkuhr (Vittarioideae, Pteridaceae) from the collec- tion of the Herbarium LE (V.L. Komarov Botanical Institute of RAS, Saint-Petersburg) and digital images of the herbarium specimens of M. graminea from the Herbaria P (Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris) and BM (Natural History Museum, London) were analyzed. The collections contain six specimens collected by Ph. Commerson on Ile-de-France Island and representing the original material of Pteris graminea – the basionym of Monogramma graminea. The lectotype of Pteris graminea is designated here by I.I. Gureyeva, I.V. Sokolova, and A.V. Vaganov: “Ile de France. Herb. Commerson” (P: Р00674761). Four more specimens were identified as syntypes: P01344296; P01344312, left lower plant; P01420498 (all from P); BM000605316 (BM); LE00050576, upper plant (LE).
The spores of the M. graminea specimen stored in LE were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The spores are trilete, tetrahedral. In equatorial position, the distal side of the spores is hemispheri- cal, proximal one is conical; in proximal-polar and distal-polar positions, the spores are rounded-triangular, the surface of the spores between the laesura arms is slightly depressed. The equatorial diameter is 34.5(32.2– 35.7) μm, the polar axis is 33.0(32.4–33.7) μm, the laesura arms are prominent, straight, 19.3(18.8–20.1) μm long, 1.2(1.0–1.5) μm wide. The exospore without sculpture, its surface is plain, smooth or slightly granulate. Perispore abraded, remaining on the spore surface as the small fragments. M. graminea is similar in spore characteristics to four Haplopteris species: H. guineensis (Desv.) E.H. Crane, H. humblotii (Hieron.) S. Linds. et C.W. Chen, H. schliebenii (Reimers) Schuettp. and H. volkensii (Hieron.) E.H. Crane, which, like Mono- gramma graminea, have an African-Indian Ocean range, and differ from Asian-Pacific species of Haplopteris with bilateral spores, including H. dareicarpa (Hook.) S. Linds. et C.W. Chen, recently transferred in this ge- nus from Monogramma.
