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The susceptibility of the Philippines to an earthquake is high due to its location. It is found in the Pacific ring of fire making most of its structure vulnerable to earthquakes. Especially of those that are near active faults and structure that are considerably decrepit. Manila, being at the center of economic, academic, residential and commercia...
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Context 1
... Figures 10 and 11 are the graphical representation of the probability of exceedance of the structure for a corresponding earthquake's intensity measure, i.e., peak ground acceleration (PGA). The graph shows that there's a significant difference between the Philippines and Japan earthquakes, this only shows that earthquakes like those in Japan will severely damage the structure. To give a more detailed explanation of how the structure will be damaged when it struck by a certain intensity of earthquake, Table 3 shows the relation of the peak ground acceleration with intensity, this figure also shows the average earthquake effects and the potential damage of the structure due to earthquake. ...
Context 2
... Figures 10 and 11 are the graphical representation of the probability of exceedance of the structure for a corresponding earthquake's intensity measure, i.e., peak ground acceleration (PGA). The graph shows that there's a significant difference between the Philippines and Japan earthquakes, this only shows that earthquakes like those in Japan will severely damage the structure. ...
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The Philippines is found in the Pacific ring of fire making most of its
structures vulnerable to earthquakes. Especially those structures of old age that are
considerably worn out and are located near and along active fault lines. Manila, being
the center of economic and commercial activities in the Philippines, is in danger due to
the West Valley...
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Citations
... To come up with the results, the researchers systematically followed the methodology of Baylon (2017) and also the materials needed to perform the study. The graph below illustrates the different damage list to the Mag-asawang Layon bridge wall pier located at Governor's drive, Trece Martirez, Cavite when subjected to different PGA from 0.2g to 2.0g, for which the mode of failure is shear. ...
... The graph below illustrates the different damage list to the Mag-asawang Layon bridge wall pier located at Governor's drive, Trece Martirez, Cavite when subjected to different PGA from 0.2g to 2.0g, for which the mode of failure is shear. Bridges in the Philippines are designed to withstand a peak ground acceleration of 04.g according to the NSCP (Baylon, 2017). The fragility curves at Y direction shows the plot of probability of exceedance versus the peek ground acceleration. ...
... Source: (Seismic risk assessment of heritage buildings in Iloilo city, Philippines, 2014)2.10.4 ManilaIn this study ofBaylon et al. in 2017, the building has 37-49% probability of exceedance for slight damage, 27-32% for moderate damage, 13-18% for extensive damage and 10% probability of exceedance for total collapse with shear as mode of failure for the 0.4 PGA index. Thus, the building does not meet the minimum requirement of NSCP and it is not safe for occupancy. ...
Mag-asawang Layon bridge is located along Dasmarinas-Trece Martires-Naic road. Cavite is reported to have 107 bridges and one of this is the Mag-asawang Layon Bridge. The bridge is classified as a permanent bridge which means that the bridge is composed of concrete and steel with a length of 62.77 meters and a width of 9.42 meters. According to the DPWH, the bridge was constructed in the year 1970 and has an estimated year life of up to 50 years.
The BMS data of the bridge based on the condition survey and bridge inventory that was conducted by the bridge inspectors from the district offices were collected annually. Regional BMS Coordinators accredited from regional offices supervise bridge inventory, condition surveys and manage quality assurance on input bridge data. The BMS analysis was then be used to determine the bridge needs ratio (BNR) of the bridges to classify and prioritize the brides in accordance with the following bridge program: Replacement of temporary bridges, replacement of weak bridges, retrofitting/strengthening of bridges, rehabilitation/major repair of bridges, and widening of permanent bridges. Due to the vulnerability of the bridge, it is stated on the DPWH detailed bridge inventory that the Mag-asawang Layon Bridge has a bridge need ratio (BNR) of 0.08%.
The research study provides a seismic assessment of the bridge in Cavite using non-linear static and dynamic analysis. In present year, a magnitude 5.2 earthquake shook Nasugbu town in Batangas and was felt in several areas in Luzon. A "weak" intensity 3 was tracked in the towns of Tanza and Maragondon in Cavite (CNN, Phil. 2018).
St. Mary Magdalene Parish Church is a 200-year-old Baroque style church located at Magdalena, Laguna. Despite of its old age, plenty of locals and tourist visits the magnificent structure specially during religious and spiritual activities. Since the Parish Church is in a country where natural disasters such as earthquakes are common, the structure is vulnerable to seismic hazards which leads to risk of the structural integrity and safety of the people. A seismic vulnerability assessment is essential to determine the maximum acceleration response of the structure. The maximum acceleration response will help determine on how the structure will perform and the scale of damage it can possibly gain base from the damage rank. By using the Capacity Spectrum Method, the capacity of the structure (in the form of capacity curve) is compared with the demands on the structure (in the form of response spectrum) with the use of SAP 2000 and Auto CAD software. By using this method, the factors for the plotting of the fragility curve is attained. The structural model of the Parish Church is subjected to 7 ground motion data normalized from 0.1 to 2.0g of peak ground acceleration. The researchers used the As-built Plan of the structure obtained from NHCP for the structural model in Auto CAD and SAP 2000. Other software used in the assessment where PRISM, Microsoft Excel and SketchUp.
Adamson University buildings' age ranges from 10 years to 86 years. The structures' age can be one of the factors of their vulnerability to seismic hazard. Possibility of having different damages after the event of seismic activities can be measured through structural modeling and subjecting the latter to earthquake simulation. In the field of structural reliability, fragility analysis can be used in the assessment of structures. This type of analysis can be carried out by taking the structural performance using nonlinear analyses: Pushover Analysis and Time History Analysis. Five (5) buildings in Adamson University were analyzed and modeled in a structural analysis software based from the developed as-built plans with rebound hammer test results for the compressive strength of concrete. These structural models were subjected through a total of 22 ground motion data (from both Philippine and Japan), with each ground motion data normalized from 0.1g to 1.0g of peak ground acceleration (PGA). The result of fragility analysis has some limitations such as the use of as-built plan of each building assessed. The lowest probability of exceedance of 9% at a PGA of 0.4g as per National Structural Code of the Philippines specification is based from the fragility curve of FRC Building under a "Complete Damage" or damage rank of "As". Abstract-Adamson University buildings' age ranges from 10 years to 86 years. The structures' age can be one of the factors of their vulnerability to seismic hazard. Possibility of having different damages after the event of seismic activities can be measured through structural modeling and subjecting the latter to earthquake simulation. In the field of structural reliability, fragility analysis can be used in the assessment of structures. This type of analysis can be carried out by taking the structural performance using nonlinear analyses: Pushover Analysis and Time History Analysis. Five (5) buildings in Adamson University were analyzed and modeled in a structural analysis software based from the developed as-built plans with rebound hammer test results for the compressive strength of concrete. These structural models were subjected through a total of 22 ground motion data (
Adamson University buildings' age ranges from 10 years to 86 years. The structures' age can be one of the factors of their vulnerability to seismic hazard. Possibility of having different damages after the event of seismic activities can be measured through structural modeling and subjecting the latter to earthquake simulation. In the field of structural reliability, fragility analysis can be used in the assessment of structures. This type of analysis can be carried out by taking the structural performance using nonlinear analyses: Pushover Analysis and Time History Analysis. Five (5) buildings in Adamson University were analyzed and modeled in a structural analysis software based from the developed as-built plans with rebound hammer test results for the compressive strength of concrete. These structural models were subjected through a total of 22 ground motion data (from both Philippine and Japan), with each ground motion data normalized from 0.1g to 1.0g of peak ground acceleration (PGA). The result of fragility analysis has some limitations such as the use of as-built plan of each building assessed. The lowest probability of exceedance of 9% at a PGA of 0.4g as per National Structural Code of the Philippines specification is based from the fragility curve of FRC Building under a "Complete Damage" or damage rank of "As". It is recommended in this study that proper handling of the results is a must since the study has limitations, especially, in the structural modeling. Also, for the administrators to use the result of the study, exposure to seminars and training of the staffs in the physical and facility office is a must so that they are aware of the basic to high-end structural assessment tools and methodologies that can be applied to the rest of the school buildings.
