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The term IoT technology is associated with many fields, including scientific, commercial, industrial, health, transportation and other fields, which became a necessity of daily life across all segments of society. Artificial intelligence, the Internet of things, data science and big data are among the most prominent fields of technologies in the mo...
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... section presents the results of research analysis according to the six subcategories mentioned earlier. Table 5 shows that previous research falls into nine scientific research fields: artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning, simulation and modeling, image processing, data science and big data, the Internet of things (IoT), database, virtual augmented reality and information system. This work has been investigated all together as studies published per year via percentage of researches published in 2019 as being the largest resulting at 34.5%. ...Context 2
... section presents the results of research analysis according to the six subcategories mentioned earlier. Table 5 shows that previous research falls into nine scientific research fields: artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning, simulation and modeling, image processing, data science and big data, the Internet of things (IoT), database, virtual augmented reality and information system. This work has been investigated all together as studies published per year via percentage of researches published in 2019 as being the largest resulting at 34.5%. ...Citations
... Sisi positifnya, perkembangan IoT telah memberikan kenyamanan dan efisiensi yang besar di berbagai sektor. Ini telah menyederhanakan proses, meningkatkan otomatisasi, dan meningkatkan konektivitas, sehingga menghasilkan pengalaman yang lebih mudah diakses dan dipersonalisasi bagi pengguna [1], [2]. Dari rumah pintar hingga otomasi industri, layanan kesehatan, transportasi, dan lainnya, IoT telah merevolusi cara kita berinteraksi dengan teknologi dan data [3]. ...
Abstrak Pesatnya perkembangan Internet of Things (IoT) memberikan kemudahan dalam segala asepek, namun menimbulkan tantangan tersendiri, khususnya terkait keamanan data dan privasi. Kriptografi dan steganografi merupakan dua teknik yang digunakan untuk mengamankan data. Kriptografi melindungi informasi dengan mengenkripsi pesan, steganografi menyembunyikan keberadaan data pada media lain. Penyisipan data pada media sensitif seperti gambar medis membutuhkan metode khusus agar tidak terjadi kerusakan pada media yang dapat menyebabkan kerusakan. Kerusakan pada gambar medis dapat menyebabkan kesalahan diagnosis. Pada penelitian ini kami mengusulkan metode penyisipan data secara reversible yang dapat mengembalikan media penampung kedalam bentuk aslinya tanpa terjadi kerusakan menggunakan metode Difference Expansion of Quad dan Fungsi Modulus. Metode ini menggunakan blok 2 × 2 piksel untuk menyisipkan 3-bit data. Berdasarkan eksperimen yang kami lakukan pada 6 gambar medis, metode yang diusulkan memiliki kapasitas penyisipan yang besar dengan kualitas visual gambar yang baik. Kapasitas penyisipan dari metode yang diusulkan dapat mencapai 0,4834 bpp dengan PSNR 49,4330 dB. Hasil eksperimen menunjukkan bahwa metode yang diusulkan memiliki kinerja yang unggul dibandingkan dengan metode sebelumnya. Kata Kunci: Kriptografi; Steganografi; Penyisipan Reversible, Difference Expansion of Quad, Fungsi Modulus. Abstract The rapid advancement of the Internet of Things (IoT) brings convenience across various domains, but raises its own challenges, particularly concerning data security and privacy. Cryptography and steganography are two techniques used to secure data. Cryptography protects information by encrypting messages, while steganography hides the existence of data in other media. The embedding of data into other media like medical images necessitates specialized approaches to prevent potential distortion that may compromise their integrity. Distortion in medical images could lead to erroneous diagnoses. In this study, we introduce a reversible data embedding technique capable of returning storage media to its original state without distortion, utilizing the Difference Expansion of Quad and Modulus Function. This approach employs 2 × 2 pixel blocks to embed 3-bits of data. Our experiments on six medical images demonstrate that the proposed method offers substantial embedding capacity while maintaining high visual quality. The embedding capacity can reach 0.4834 bits per pixel (bpp) with a PSNR of 49.4330 dB. Experimental findings indicate that the proposed method outperforms previous techniques.
... Although this paper discusses an image enhancement framework for underwater 3D reconstruction, the image enhancement part covered can still be extended to other underwater techniques, e.g., as a preprocessing step for underwater target identification and detection, due to the introduction of cascading feature pyramids that retain a large number of features and details, as well as metrics specifically designed for assessing the quality of underwater images. At the same time, it can also be extended to many other areas, including enhancement and interpolation of atmospheric images with large angular spans (15°) or large moving targets, 3D reconstruction, target identification and detection, and can even assist in processing IoT applications [46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57], where it can also generate fast statistical information for rapid research and aid decision-making through visualization. ...
3D reconstruction technology is gradually applied to underwater scenes, which has become a crucial research direction for human ocean exploration and exploitation. However, due to the complexity of the underwater environment, the number of high-quality underwater images acquired by underwater robots is limited and cannot meet the requirements of 3D reconstruction. Therefore, this paper proposes an adaptive 3D reconstruction algorithm for underwater targets. We apply the frame interpolation technique to underwater 3D reconstruction, an unprecedented technical attempt. In this paper, we design a single-stage large-angle span underwater image interpolation model, which has an excellent enhancement effect on degraded underwater 2D images compared with other methods. Current methods make it challenging to balance the relationship between feature information acquisition and underwater image quality improvement. In this paper, an optimized cascaded feature pyramid scheme and an adaptive bidirectional optical flow estimation algorithm based on underwater NRIQA metrics are proposed and applied to the proposed model to solve the above problems. The intermediate image output from the model improves the image quality and retains the detailed information. Experiments show that the method proposed in this paper outperforms other methods when dealing with several typical degradation types of underwater images. In underwater 3D reconstruction, the intermediate image generated by the model is used as input instead of the degraded image to obtain a denser 3D point cloud and better visualization. Our method is instructive to the problem of acquiring underwater high-quality target images and underwater 3D reconstruction.
... Shambour et al. [9], analyzed technologies and their applications within the Hajj and Umrah systems. The reviewed studies were categorized into four primary branches based on their specific focus areas, encompassing research on the holy mosques and sacred sites, pre-arrival visitor studies, accommodations and service investigations, and studies on transportation and crowd management. ...
The Hajj season holds immense significance for Muslims globally, attracting millions of pilgrims annually to engage in sacred rituals. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, as the host of this pilgrimage, extends a range of services to facilitate and enhance the pilgrims' experience. Among these services, the provision of sacrificial animals for Udhiyah and Hadi, integral components of Hajj rituals, is crucial and managed by organizations like the Kingdom of Saudi Arabian Project for the Benefit of Udhiyah and Sacrifices (Adahi). Adahi's primary mission is to execute sacrificial rituals on behalf of Hajj pilgrims, ensuring the seamless progression of religious practices. Embracing technological advancements, particularly the Internet of Things (IoT), has become pivotal in enhancing various sectors, including the food supply chain. In Saudi Arabia, Adahi conducts a noteworthy experiment during Hajj, utilizing IoT to count slaughtered cattle in the supply chain. This study seeks to elucidate and assess the role and impact of IoT in Adahi's experiment, proposing a conceptual framework to enhance monitoring, counting, and tracking of slaughtered cattle during Hajj within Adahi slaughterhouses. The study adopts a descriptive methodology, thoroughly reviewing contemporary literature to identify technological gaps in automatically measuring and inspecting post-harvest meat safety during the slaughtering process. The authors recognize the challenge of implementing IoT, specifically Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID), on a large scale, such as Adahi, due to associated infrastructure and chip costs. This study aims to propose a conceptual framework for an IoT-based meat monitoring system within Adahi's slaughterhouses, contributing to technological advancements and ensuring the safety and efficiency of the Hajj sacrificial rituals. INDEX TERMS Food supply chain, meat safety in slaughterhouses, sensors, IoT, smart devices, machine learning, Hajj.
... The utilization of AI applications has become increasingly necessary in the healthcare industry. These advanced applications play a critical and essential role in assisting medical professionals, including esteemed doctors, in making informed decisions [6], [7]. With their ability to thoroughly analyze large volumes of complex datasets, these applications provide doctors with the power to effectively identify anomalies, recognize patterns, and discover valuable trends [8]. ...
... Based on an analytical study conducted from 2016 to 2020, researchers primarily focused on the field of artificial intelligence in the context of the Hajj and Umrah system. This area accounted for 24.2% of their overall research efforts [6]. The following sections investigate more in healthcare during Hajj and using ML for healthcare. ...
... ML algorithms have the potential to greatly benefit Hajj in various areas. These include enhancing predictive capabilities, improving medical imaging diagnoses, enabling intelligent connectivity, and effectively managing records of patient data as shown in Figure 1 [6], [8], [10], [20]. Patient records are vital for healthcare. ...
The well-being of pilgrims during the Hajj is of utmost importance and warrants careful attention. Due to the nature of the Hajj pilgrimage and the large number of participants involved, there is a legitimate concern about the transmission of diseases among pilgrims. To effectively tackle this issue, conducting a comprehensive review of existing literature on disease transmission during the Hajj is crucial. Furthermore, the integration of Machine Learning (ML) algorithms can offer valuable assistance in enhancing healthcare services during the Hajj in Saudi Arabia. This paper aims to explore the current potential utilization of ML in healthcare, with a focus on its importance during the Hajj. It will provide an overview of common healthcare risks associated with the Hajj and present a taxonomy of Artificial Intelligent (AI) technologies that can help minimize these risks. Furthermore, the utilization of AI technologies, including machine learning algorithms, data analytics, and predictive modeling, can greatly enhance disease surveillance systems and enable early detection and response to potential outbreaks. In conclusion, by conducting a comprehensive literature review and employing ML models, we can acquire a deeper understanding of the prevalent healthcare risks associated with Hajj. This offers a valuable opportunity to improve healthcare services during this significant event.
... Compared to other languages, such as English, there are few studies and research works on Arabic language sentiment analysis as shown in Table 1. When considering Hajj-related tweets, only a limited number of research papers focus on their analysis [45]. Sentiment analysis of Hajj-related tweets can help build strategic plans to improve the Hajj season and develop better services. ...
Sentiment analysis plays a crucial role in understanding public opinion and social media trends. It involves analyzing the emotional tone and polarity of a given text. When applied to Arabic text, this task becomes particularly challenging due to the language’s complex morphology, right-to-left script, and intricate nuances in expressing emotions. Social media has emerged as a powerful platform for individuals to express their sentiments, especially regarding religious and cultural events. Consequently, studying sentiment analysis in the context of Hajj has become a captivating subject. This research paper presents a comprehensive sentiment analysis of tweets discussing the annual Hajj pilgrimage over a six-year period. By employing a combination of machine learning and deep learning models, this study successfully conducted sentiment analysis on a sizable dataset consisting of Arabic tweets. The process involves pre-processing, feature extraction, and sentiment classification. The objective was to uncover the prevailing sentiments associated with Hajj over different years, before, during, and after each Hajj event. Importantly, the results presented in this study highlight that BERT, an advanced transformer-based model, outperformed other models in accurately classifying sentiment. This underscores its effectiveness in capturing the complexities inherent in Arabic text.
... Perkembangan teknologi digital di dunia juga semakin terbarukan dan terus berkembang. Teknologi semakin merambah dalam memudahkan aktivitas dan aktivitas masyarakat luas dalam kehidupan sehari-hari (MADAN & Rosca, 2022;Shah dkk., 2022;Shambour & Gutub, 2022). Dunia bergantung pada bantuan teknologi maju; bahkan kehidupan masyarakat pun tidak bisa lepas dari teknologi. ...
Digitalisasi menandakan peralihan ke era digital, dan di sektor perbankan, digitalisasi merupakan proses transformasi dari prosedur manual ke sistem digital. Transisi ini memanfaatkan alat digital untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan kenyamanan sehari-hari. Salah satu aspek menonjol dari digitalisasi perbankan adalah menjamurnya aplikasi mobile banking, yang memungkinkan individu melakukan transaksi keuangan melalui ponsel pintar mereka. Penelitian ini menyelidiki dampak mobile banking, atau m-banking, dalam mengubah perilaku masyarakat menjadi lebih efektif dan efisien sekaligus mempengaruhi pertumbuhan ekonomi di Indonesia dan, akibatnya, kesejahteraan masyarakatnya. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan dibantu oleh alat komputasi database seperti Publish or Perish dan VOSviewer, penelitian ini mengidentifikasi pendorong utama di balik digitalisasi perbankan. Mobile banking, terutama di tengah pandemi COVID-19 dan kebijakan pemerintah, telah memicu perubahan kebiasaan konsumen. Potensi adopsi mobile banking oleh nasabah sangatlah besar, sehingga mendorong peningkatan inovasi di bidang ini di kalangan bank konvensional. Kemudahan bertransaksi kapan pun dan di mana pun dapat dirasakan oleh masyarakat memberikan kontribusi terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia dengan mengefektifkan aktivitas perekonomian. Penelitian ini menggarisbawahi dampak besar digitalisasi perbankan, terutama melalui m-banking, terhadap lanskap keuangan Indonesia yang terus berkembang.
... The Internet of Things (IoT) are physical devices connected with each other over a network; these devices are able to collect and share data with other devices [1,2]. The IoT devices are low power consumption devices, which makes them suitable for many applications in many sectors [3]. In addition, they have the ability to be used for remotely monitoring, controlling, and managing equipment and systems, which results in enhancing efficiency and reduce costs. ...
Botnets are today recognized as one of the most advanced vulnerability threats. Botnets control a huge percentage of network traffic and PCs. They have the ability to remotely control PCs (zombie machines) by their creator (BotMaster) via Command and Control (C&C) framework. They are the keys to a variety of Internet attacks such as spams, DDOS, and spreading malwares. This study proposes a number of machine learning techniques for detecting botnet assaults via IoT networks to help researchers in choosing the suitable ML algorithm for their applications. Using the BoT-IoT dataset, six different machine learning methods were evaluated: REPTree, RandomTree, RandomForest, J48, metaBagging, and Naive Bayes. Several measures, including accuracy, TPR, FPR, and many more, have been used to evaluate the algorithms’ performance. The six algorithms were evaluated using three different testing situations. Scenario-1 tested the algorithms utilizing all of the parameters presented in the BoT-IoT dataset, scenario-2 used the IG feature reduction approach, and scenario-3 used extracted features from the attacker’s received packets. The results revealed that the assessed algorithms performed well in all three cases with slight differences.
... Among the smart solutions used in containing and preventing the spread of the pandemic is the radio frequency detection chips developed in the form of a bracelet. It is an IoT device capable of providing an array of information related to the pilgrim, such as health status, including measuring blood oxygen and pulse, emergency and security assistance requests, and receipt of messages [89,93]. In the 2021 pilgrimage, 5000 smart bracelets were distributed to pilgrims to facilitate the strategized precautionary measures to prevent the pandemic's spread among pilgrims [26]. ...
The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly disrupted human socioeconomic activities, leaving an everlasting impact on urban systems. As a result, there is a growing scholarly focus on exploring how urban planning strategies and tools can help create resilient cities. In Saudi Arabia, the pilgrimage city of Makkah, which has always faced the challenge of managing crowds during the annual pilgrimage, was left deserted due to lockdowns and social distancing measures. To quickly revive socioeconomic and pilgrimage activities in the city, a set of digital tools and communication technologies were deployed to manage crowds and enforce social distancing to minimize the spread of the COVID-19 virus. This study examines the role of digitalization and smartification in reviving the city and the importance of context in building urban resilience. This study used desktop research and case study analysis to highlight the transformation to the new normal and the development of future smart technologies for the city. Smart solutions provided valuable support in reducing the impacts of the pandemic and restarting Makkah’s economy. Although most activities have been restored, some facilities and services are still operating below capacity. Digitalization and smartification of urban services could play a major role in improving service delivery and urban resilience.
... In addition, updating the prayer times based on the current location automatically is another potential future work. Regardless of the type and service of the developed applications, smartwatches and internet-of-things gadgets would not only be an accelerator towards digital transformation and enhancing the pilgrims' experience at the Sacred Sites; they would also be a great source of data collection that could help countless organizations managing Hajj and Umrah to make smarter decisions and predict future patterns provided the glory of artificial intelligence and machine learning in particular [31], [32]. This work is part of our capstone project (graduation project) requirement in the Computer Engineering Department at Umm Al-Qura University. ...
Many of us now rely on smartwatches as an integral part of our lives. The smartwatch market has become one of the world’s most popular and best-selling markets. They have been used in various fields like health and sports. They have valuable features that assist people in their daily lives. With Hajj and Umrah undergoing digital transformation, smartwatches can be used to enhance pilgrims’ experience during sacred rituals. NUSK is a smartwatch launched by (SDAIA) in Hajj season 1442 AH (2021) to provide several services like displaying pilgrims’ information and health status, monitoring their health data, and requesting emergency medical or security assistance. It is vital to develop similar projects and build upon the success of NUSK. Hence, this work uses “Bangle.js”, an open-source (sw/hw) smartwatch, to present some Hajj and Umrah applications to enhance the pilgrim’s experience in the sacred journey and to help achieve our country’s ambitious vision towards Hajj and Umrah digital transformation. We also propose incorporating “Bangle.js” into the labs of microprocessor courses at Saudi Computer Colleges to allow students to broaden their skills, abilities, and thinking toward real-life applications facilitating digital transformation.
... Post Covid-19, the application of IoT technologies have also attracted noticeable attention for the Umrah Management. It specifically can be seen at several locations around the two holy towns, Makkah and Madinah (Shambour and Gutub, 2022). In light of Covid-19, utilization of smartphone applications (like Tawakkalna and Nusuk) to handle the digital transformation of Umrah and Visitation also has become a must nowadays (Aljuwaiber, and Elnagar, 2022). ...
At present, Umrah travelling has become one of the most lucrative industries all over the world, leading to a growing number of publications in the field of Umrah. However, the bibliometric analysis of Umrah remains lacking. This study aims to identify the pattern of past research on the Umrah, specifically its research status and the most up-to-date (emerging) topics in this field. This study presents a visual analysis of 81 research articles listed in the Scopus databases between the years 2012 and 2023 related to Umrah. The knowledge mapping analysis using VosViewer presents the current research status, which comprises the analysis of co-authorship, co-occurrence, citation, and co-citation analysis. Using the most recent data and the bibliometric technique, this study is one of the pioneers in illuminating the state of Umrah research today. The findings from this study are expected to benefit the researchers that specialize in Umrah and religious tourism by providing them with the current state of the research and thus help to serve as a guide for future research.
