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Representative examples of white–shelled Gastrocopta (top row), brown–shelled Gastrocopta (middle row; all species members of the subgenus Gastrocopta), and Vertigo (bottom row), with location information for each. Accession numbers for lots from the Nekola collection are preceded by ′ JCN′. A. Gastrocopta holzingeri, Allison, Stone Co., Arkansas, 35 o 56′32″ N., 92 o 6′54″ W., JCN 14368. B. Gastrocopta tappaniana, Faith Fen, Norman Co., Minnesota, 47 o 15′42″ N., 96 o 5′11″ W., JCN 6624. C. Gastrocopta armigerella, Ohama Beach, Iki Island, Japan, 33 o 44′51″ N., 129 o 47′15″ E. D. Gastrocopta corticaria, Canton Glade, Jones Co., Iowa, 42 o 10′46″ N., 90 o 59′52″ W., JCN 3743. E. Gastrocopta servilis, Bartram–Carr Woods, Gainesville, Alachua Co., Florida, 29 o 38′37″ N., 82 o 20′44″ W. F. ′ Vertigo schimochii′, Kunigami, Okinawa Island, Japan, 26 o 51′43″ N., 128 o 15′20″ E. G. Gastrocopta pellucida, Charlotte Harbor, Charlotte Co., Florida, 26 o 57′13″ N., 82 o 3′42″ W., JCN 17447. H. Gastrocopta rogersensis, Beams Cabin, Jones Co., Iowa, 42 o 8′32″ N., 91 o 20′44″ W., JCN 11465. I. Vertigo ventricosa, Portage Lake, Aroostook Co., Maine, 46 o 47′6″ N., 68 o 32′27″ W., JCN 15915. J. Vertigo japonica, Sarusawa, Ichinoseki–city, Iwate, Japan, 38 o 59′13″N., 141 o 15′18″ E. K. Vertigo gouldii, Deer Creek, Fillmore Co., Minnesota, 43 o 43′56″ N., 92 o 20′39 W., JCN 14646. L. Vertigo concinnula, Neutrioso South, Apache Co., Arizona, 33 o 54′14″ N., 109 o 9′43″ W., JCN 14007.
Source publication
Kuroda (1960) noted that his new species, Vertigo shimochii Kuroda & Amano, 1960, was distinct from other members of the genus in Japan by possessing a "relatively large and long shell with deep suture and much inflated whorls" (p. 77). While shell shape was noted to be similar to a Gastrocopta, they assigned the species to Vertigo based on its "sh...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... shimochii' not only resides within the highly supported group containing the genus Gastrocopta, but also within a highly supported subgroup that includes 'V. shimochii' / G. servilis and G. pellucida (Pfeiffer, 1841), G. dalliana (Sterki, 1898), G. rogersensis Nekola & Coles, 2001, G, procera (Gould, 1840, and G. cristata (Pilsbry & Vanatta, 1900). This group in essence corresponds with tropical and warm-temperate Gastrocopta (Gastrocopta). ...
Context 2
... shimochii' not only resides within the highly supported group containing the genus Gastrocopta, but also within a highly supported subgroup that includes 'V. shimochii' / G. servilis and G. pellucida (Pfeiffer, 1841), G. dalliana (Sterki, 1898), G. rogersensis Nekola & Coles, 2001, G, procera (Gould, 1840, and G. cristata (Pilsbry & Vanatta, 1900). This group in essence corresponds with tropical and warm-temperate Gastrocopta (Gastrocopta). ...
Citations
... COI barcode compliant sequences that were generated were deposited in Barcode of Life Database (BOLD: ETKM078-ETKM083). Additional CO1 sequences for another 27 Gastrocopta specimens, belonging to 16 species derived from the studies of Nekola et al. (2012) and Whisson and Köhler (2013) were downloaded from GenBank. ...
... The CO1 dataset included five sequences from five individuals from the Durban population, plus 27 sequences belonging to 16 Gastrocopta species derived from the studies of Nekola et al. (2012) and Whisson and Köhler (2013). The maximum likelihood phylogeny (Figure 2) clearly shows that the five Durban specimens are genetically very similar, suggestive of a single colonization event, and that they are sister to Gastrocopta servilis from Florida. ...
... ashmuni (Sterki, 1898)]. Its anomalous position in Gastrocopta (Gastrocopta) has already been discussed by Nekola et al. (2012). The other main branch of the CO1 phylogeny includes the type species of the subgenera G. (Albinula) [G. ...
... Gastrocopta armigerella (Reinhardt, 1877) type locality Misaki (Japan), has been reported from Japan (Möllendorff 1901;Nekola et al. 2012;Nishi et al. 2017;WMSDB) and China: Gansu, Batang, eastern Tibet, Hunan, Xifeng, Yangtze region, Anhui, Zikarvei, Dshiangsu, Shandong, Shanghai (Möllendorff 1901;Pilsbry 1916Pilsbry -1918Yen 1939;Chen and Gao 1987;Wu et al. 2007;Zhouxing and Deniu 2008;Pokryszko and Stworzewicz 2004;WMSDB). Gastrocopta armigerella has also frequently been found in a fossil state (Pleistocene) (e.g., Wu et al. 2007;Wu and Wu 2011) on the Chinese loess plateau (Xifeng and Luochuan). ...
Gastrocoptaarmigerella (Reinhardt, 1877) has been described from Japan and is widespread in the Far East and China. Surprisingly, a few occurrences in central and western Asia have also become known. Forcart (1935) found G.armigerella in northern Iran. The authors found evidence of G.armigerella in western Tien Shan, Kyrgyzstan. The form from northern Tajikistan described by Schileyko (1984) as G.huttoniana agrees morphologically with G.armigerella as well. Gastrocoptahuttoniana is known from western India and the Himalayan region. The evidence of G.armigerella from central and western Asia has come thus far from drift material at the high water line in river floodplains which suggests that these are sub-fossil or fossil shells (Holocene or Pleistocene) which have been relocated. No living example of Gastrocopta has been found there as yet. Possibly the species is now extinct in this region. Gastrocoptatheeli (Westerlund, 1877) is the most widespread Gastrocopta in Eurasia. Its area ranges from the Caucasus to the Far East. The findings reported here are the first for this species in western Tien Shan.
... Two mitochondrial gene fragments, COI and 16S, have been analysed. The data sets contained 27 sequences of Western Australian Gastrocopta (five each of G. bannertonensis and G. mussoni, 12 of G. larapinta, two or three, respectively, of G. margaretae, and two of G. hedleyi) as well as 16 Genbank sequences of several American Gastrocopta species that stem from the study of Nekola et al. (2012). Two to three sequences each of Vertigo spp. ...
... Maximum Likelihood phylogram for COI based on analysis of 27 new sequences of Gastrocopta from Western Australia and the 16 Genbank sequences made available byNekola et al. (2012). Sequences of Vertigo spp. ...
... Maximum Likelihood phylogram for 16S based on analysis of 26 new sequences of Gastrocopta from Western Australia and the 16 Genbank sequences made available byNekola et al. (2012). Sequences of Vertigo spp. ...
Six species of Gastrocopta have been identified from the Pilbara region, Western Australia, by means of comparative analyses of shell and mtDNA variation. Three of these species, Gastrocopta hedleyi, Gastrocopta larapinta and Gastrocopta servilis, have been recorded in the Pilbara for the first time. Gastrocopta sp. CW1 is probably new to science and might be endemic to the region. By contrast, Gastrocopta hedleyi, Gastrocopta larapinta and Gastrocopta mussoni are shown to be widespread.
