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Renal Biopsy A. Light microscopy shows interstitial fibrosis, tubular atrophy, glomerular sclerosis and patchy inflammation. (Hematoxylin and Eosin stain, original magnification x200). B. Light microscopy of a glomerulus shows asubtotal collapse of the glomerular tuft with overlying epithelial hyperplasia. Inset: Intracytoplasmic PAS positive droplets are noted in the podocytic cytoplasm. (PeriodicAcid-Schiff stain, original magnification x600). C. Immunofluorescence microscopy shows global mesangial staining for IgA. (Anti-IgA antibody immunofluorescence, original magnification x400). D. Electron microscopy shows both the diffuse epithelial cell injury including effacement of the epithelial cell processes with microvillous degeneration of the epithelial cell cytoplasm and the mesangial as well as the paramesangialdense deposits. (Uranyl acetate, lead citrate stain, original magnification x8000).

Renal Biopsy A. Light microscopy shows interstitial fibrosis, tubular atrophy, glomerular sclerosis and patchy inflammation. (Hematoxylin and Eosin stain, original magnification x200). B. Light microscopy of a glomerulus shows asubtotal collapse of the glomerular tuft with overlying epithelial hyperplasia. Inset: Intracytoplasmic PAS positive droplets are noted in the podocytic cytoplasm. (PeriodicAcid-Schiff stain, original magnification x600). C. Immunofluorescence microscopy shows global mesangial staining for IgA. (Anti-IgA antibody immunofluorescence, original magnification x400). D. Electron microscopy shows both the diffuse epithelial cell injury including effacement of the epithelial cell processes with microvillous degeneration of the epithelial cell cytoplasm and the mesangial as well as the paramesangialdense deposits. (Uranyl acetate, lead citrate stain, original magnification x8000).

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Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is the commonest cause of nephroticsyndrome in adults. Immunoglobulin-A Nephropathy (IgAN) is a common cause of hematuria, however it is uncommon to present with 1ephritic syndrome. Recent studies showed that nephroticsyndrome in IgAN could be secondary to podocyte injury with segmental sclerosis similar to...