Figure 6 - uploaded by Enderson Ferreira
Content may be subject to copyright.
Source publication
Potassium (K) uptake is greatest among essential nutrients for rice. Data related to
yield, yield components, and K-use efficiency by upland rice genotypes are limited.
A greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate influence of K on growth, yield
and yield components, and K-use efficiency by upland rice genotypes. Potassium levels
applied to an...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... weight varied from 18.6 to 26.0 g, with an average value of 23.3 g at the low K level. Similarly, 1000-grain weight at the high K level varied from 21.1 to 28.4 g, with an average value of 25.4 g. Overall, the 1000-grain weight was 9% greater at high K level compared to low K level. The 1000-grain weight had linear correlation with grain yield ( Figure 6). Hasegawa (2003) reported positive correlation between 1000-grain weight and grain yield of rice. However, the association was not significant. Chau and Bhargava (1993) also reported nonsignificant correlation between 1000-grain weight and grain yield in rice. Panicle length varied from 17.7 to 23.9 cm, with an average value of 21.1 cm at the low K level (0 mg K kg − 1 soil) (Table 3). Similarly, at high K level (200 mg K kg − 1 soil), panicle length varied from 18.2 to 25.3 cm, with an average value of 21.8 cm. Overall, K application increased panicle length by 3% compared to the control treatment; however, the effect was nonsignificant. Panicle length had significant positive quadratic association with grain yield across genotypes (Figure 7). Fageria (2000) and Fageria, Baligar, and Clark (2006) reported significant correlation between panicle length and grain yield of upland rice genotypes. Spikelet sterility varied from 3.7 to 21.5%, with an average value of 12.8% at the lower K level. Similarly, at the high K level, spikelet sterility varied from 5.6 to 24.8%, with an average value of 12.0%. Overall, application of 200 mg K kg − 1 soil reduced spikelet sterility by about 7% compared to the control treatment. Spikelet sterility had significant negative association with grain yield, as expected (Figure 8). Fageria, Castro, and Baligar (2004a) reported significant negative association between grain yield and spikelet sterility in upland rice genotypes grown on a Brazilian Oxisol. Potassium and genotype treatments had a significant effect on grain yield and yield components. However, influence varied from genotypes to genotypes. Overall, K fertilizer increased grain yield by 23% compared to the control treatment. This study has established quantitative relationships among growth and yield components and grain yield in upland rice. The positive effect of K on grain yield was attributed to affecting the plant height, shoot dry weight, grain harvest index, panicles per plant, panicle length, and 1000-grain Panicle length and spikelet sterility of 20 upland rice genotypes as influenced by genotype and K ...
Similar publications
Rice is a main food crop for about half of the world's population, and phosphorus (P) is the main limiting nutrient in rice production in tropical lowlands. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate P requirements of lowland rice grown on a lowland soil (Inceptisol). Dry matter, grain yield, and yield-attributing characteristics were signif...
Citations
... Plant height is an essential trait for plant because it is related to plant growing [26]. The results of the analysis of diversity showed that the application of NPK significantly affected plant height variable except at 2 WAP and 4 WAP. ...
... For DM and grain yield attributes, agronomic K use efficiency (KUE) was calculated according to Fageria et al. (2013), using the equation: KUE= (ATcf -ATsf)/ (QKa); where: ATcf = attribute evaluated with application of K fertilizer; ATsf = attribute evaluated without application of K fertilizer; QKa = amount of applied K fertilizer. ...
Integrated crop‐livestock systems (ICLS) are diversified agroecosystems characterized by the rotation, succession or mixtures of agricultural, livestock or forestry activities, in no‐tillage systems. In ICLS with trees, the tree modifies the light and water availability, and might generate root competition for nutrients, like potassium (K). The study aims to evaluate dry matter (DM) and macronutrients accumulation in white oat, DM and grain yield of maize, and the K use efficiency (KUE) by these crops cultivated in an ICLS with eucalyptus. The experimental design was a randomized block in a split‐plot design with three replications. Plots consisted of four cultivation positions (CP) between the tree rows, where CP1 (0 to 4 m distance) refers to a position close to the trees; CP2 (4 to 8 m distance) and CP4 (12 to 16 m distance) corresponds to two intermediate positions between rows; and CP3 (8 to 12 m distance) corresponds to a central position between rows. In subplots, four potassium oxide (K2O) annual doses were assigned, with potassium chloride being applied on the surface, where each rate was half the rate applied at sowing of each crop. DM and macronutrients accumulation in white oat shoot decreased due to eucalyptus shadow (64.5% light restriction). Responses of maize DM and grain yield to K2O addition were different among CPs, possibly owing to different light patterns. No changes in the maize yield were observed with K2O application in CP1 and CP2. However, for other positions, quadratic responses in grain yield were observed. In ICLS with eucalyptus in a subtropical region of Brazil, the reduction of K fertilization led to lower yields in white oat and maize. As KUE was high in plots with low K rate, the production cost in ICLS with trees may be decreased if massive production is not required.
... Zn is a component of RNA polymerase, which leads to the synthesis of RNA through the polymerization of nucleotides, also acting in the maintenance of the membrane structural integrity and the regulation of RNase activity (Malavolta, 2006;Prado, 2008). Phenol metabolism, starch formation, increase in cell size and multiplication, and pollen grain fertility are also related to the functions performed by Zn in plants (Fageria and Moreira, 2015). In cereals, Zn deficiency reduces the apical growth, as well as promoting short internodes and lower root system development (Nanda and Wissura, 2016). ...
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dry biomass production and the physiological quality of millet (Pennisetum glaucum) based on the application of zinc (Zn) on the soil. The study was conducted in a completely randomized design consisting of five Zn doses: 0; 3; 6; 9 and 12 kg ha-1, with four replications. The following biometrics such as physiological quality, biomass production and nutritional efficiency as for the use of Zn by plants were evaluated. The results showed that doses around 9 kg ha-1 are the ones promoting the highest observed rates. However, higher Zn supply in the soil negatively affected the physiological quality of the crop, as for the evaluated variables, except for the photochemical efficiency of photosystem II. However, Pennisetum glaucum is responsive to the production of dry biomass up to the Zn dose of 9 kg ha-1, without reducing the efficiency of the nutrient utilization by the crop.
... This is made possible through more efficient Zn utilization, i.e. Zn use efficiency (Suzuki et al., 2008;Fageria and Moreira, 2015), and/or higher Zn uptake by roots. The latter can be achieved by increasing root size and/or the exudation of phytosiderophores, such as deoxymugineic acid, or low-molecular-mass organic acids, such as malate and citrate (Zhang et al., 1991;Widodo et al., 2010;Duffner et al., 2012). ...
Zinc (Zn) deficiency is the most prevalent micronutrient disorder in rice and leads to delayed development and
decreased yield. Several studies have investigated how rice plants respond to Zn deficiency and examined the differences between Zn-efficient (ZE) and Zn-inefficient (ZI) genotypes. ZE genotypes reallocate more Zn to roots and are better at maintaining crown root development than ZI genotypes in response to Zn deficiency. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms controlling these differences. Moreover, the role of the crown, the part of the stem from which crown roots emerge, has yet to be examined. In this study we highlight the molecular mechanisms triggered by early Zn deficiency in crown tissue through RNA sequencing of two contrasting groups of several ZE and ZI genotypes. This method allowed us to (i) identify several novel and well-known Zn transporters involved in Zn retranslocation from the crown to the shoot and roots in response to Zn deficiency; (ii) determine that Zn deficiency triggers the conversion of soluble sugars into starch; and (iii) detect several candidate genes possibly conferring Zn efficiency, including a monosaccharide transporter, a Zn finger domain-containing protein, a gibberellin-stimulated family protein and a plasma membrane polypeptide family protein.
... This interaction indicates that the response of each soybean cultivar varies according to the different rates of K applied. Similarly to what was found by Pettigrew (2008) and Fageria et al. (2013), these results demonstrate that the cultivar showed different responses for these variables depending on the K concentration in soil. At low K concentration (50 mg K kg −1 ), SY varied from 9.4 g/pot (FTS Campo Mourão RR) to 21.9 g/pot (NA 5909RR), with a mean of 16.1 g/pot, whereas at the 200 mg K kg −1 rates, the change was 23.7 g/pot (BRS 295RR) to 32.1 g/pot (BRS 232), with an average yield of 27.1 g/pot of seeds (Table 1). ...
... 1066RR, and TMG 1067RR, that were within the quadrant NER, are not suitable for planting in areas with low K concentration, such as the opening of new Cerrado areas or incorporation of degraded pastures. Similar results on the responses of cultivars to different concentrations of the nutrient in the soil were also reported by Fageria and Barbosa Filho (1981) and Fageria et al. (2013), who observed that under appropriate soil and climate conditions, the selection of the material according to genetic adaptation to conditions of nutrient deficiency or excess can be a significant strategy for soybean cultivation in areas with different levels of fertility. Among the yield components, the cultivar differ in the number of seeds per pod (NSP), number of pods (NP), SDWY, and estimated 100-seed weight, which increased significantly (P ≤ 0.05) with the addition of 200 mg K kg −1 compared to 50 mg K kg −1 (Table 2). ...
... With the increase in the rate of K in NSP this gain was 23.5%, in NP it was 30.8%, in SDWY it was 43.1%, and 17.3% in the estimated 100-seed weight. For Fageria et al. (2013), these variables are directly related to the efficiency of each cultivar to take up, translocate, and remobilize the nutrient inside the plant. ...
The use of cultivar with nutrient-use efficiency is an important strategy in the management of plant nutritional status, particularly potassium (K), because its high demand and the progressive impoverishment caused by the use of inadequate amounts cause frequent deficiency symptoms observed in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] crops. This study was conducted in greenhouse conditions in a completely randomized design with four replicates in an Typic Quartzipsamment soil aimed to assess the effect of applying two rates of K (50 and 200 mg kg−1) on growth, shoot dry weight yield (SDWY) and seed yield (SY), nutritional status, yield components, and efficiency of K use in eleven cultivars of different characteristics and growth habits. The SDWY, SY, number of seeds per pod, number of pods, and estimated 100-seed weight showed significant interaction between cultivar and the K rates, with greater values at the rate 200 mg K kg−1. Similarly, the concentration of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), K, calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sulfur (S), boron (B), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn) in leaves and grains varied according to the K rates and in the cultivar. The most K-use efficient cultivars were BMX Magna RR, BRS 232, BRS 284, BRS 294RR, NA 5909RR, and Vmax RR, whereas FTS Campo Mourão RR was inefficient. Regarding response to fertilization, the cultivars Vmax RR, BMX Magna RR, NA 5909RR, BRS 284, and BRS 294RR were found to be efficient and responsive, whereas the cultivar FTS Campo Mourão RR, BRS 232, BMX Potência RR, BRS 295RR, TMG 1066RR, and TMG 1067RR are inefficient and responsive to K application in the soil.
