FIG 9 - uploaded by Ana Maria Donato
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-Região adaxial da ST da nervura mediana de P. widgrenianum. Xilema (x); flooema (fl); fibras (f); drusas (setas); colênquima (col).
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In this research we present the anatomical study of Psidium widgrenianum O. Berg., Myrtaceae, known as "araçá", which presents anti-inflammatory and anti-neoplasic properties. The structural characteristics, the surface of leaf blade is shown in optical microscopy (OM) and in scanning electron microscopy (SEM), contributes to the knowledge of the m...
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Myrcia adulterina, a new species from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, is here described, illustrated and compared with morphologically related species. Additionally, its distribution map and a preliminary conservation status are presented. The new species is here inferred as belonging to Myrcia sect. Reticulosae due its leaves with raised venation,...
In this study, the essential oil of leaves Eucalyptus globulus (Myrtales: Myrtaceae) was analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and their potential insecticidal against the olive fruit fly Bactrocera oleae (Diptera: Thephritidae) was investigated. The essential oil yield was 0.36 ± 0.03% (w/w). A total of 41 compounds (99.99%) wer...
Resprouting is a functional trait in species which occur in fi re-prone ecosystems. These plants can resprout from aerial buds and by recruiting belowground bud bank using carbohydrates allocated in roots as resource. In this study, we present morpho-anatomical features and chemical composition related to the resprouting potential of two species of...
Background: Psidium guineense, known as Araçá, is a Brazilian botanical resource with commercial application
perspectives, based on the functional elements of its fruits and due to the use of its leaves as an anti-inflammatory
and antibacterial agent. The essential oils of leaves of twelve specimens of Araçá were analyzed by GC and GC-MS to
identif...
Citations
... However, M. glomerata differs from the others species by the large dimensions of the secretory cavities, which can go far beyond the height of palisade parenchyma, approaching the abaxial face. The spongy parenchyma has about four cell layers, while in Psidium widgrenianum, occur about seven layers (Donato and Morretes, 2005) and in Eugenia brasiliensis there are, approximately, nine layers (Donato and Morretes, 2007). The organization of the median rib of M. glomerata is similar to the others species of Myrtaceae, i.e., it is of bicollateral type surrounded by sclerenchyma fibers, resembling an arc (Machado et al., 1988;Morretes, 2005, 2007;Fiuza et al., 2008;Döll-Boscardin et al., 2010;Nunes and Martins, 2010). ...
Myrciaria glomerata O. Berg., Myrtaceae, popularly known as “cabeludinha”, has high content of ascorbic acid and anti-inflammatory property and is used in folk medicine. The objectives of this study were the morphological, anatomical and histochemical characterization of the leaves. Leaf studies were made with optical, scanning electron and confocal microscopy. The collection of botanical material was held at the Tijuca Forest, Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Histochemical tests aimed the identification of lipids, starch grains, phenolic compounds and crystals. The leaves are simple, opposite, lanceolate, pinnate, hairy, with involute margins, hypostomatic and dorsiventral. The stomata are anomocytic. The epidermis presents simple trichomes. Epidermal cells show uneven thickening of their periclinal outer walls, mainly on the adaxial side of the leaf. Secretory cavities of essential oils are subepidermal and exceed, in height, the palisade parenchyma, formed by one cell layer. Four to five cellular layers, rich in phenolic compounds and lipids form the spongy parenchyma. The bundles are collateral and there are many crystals of calcium oxalate spread throughout the mesophyll. In the midrib and petiole the bundles are bicollateral. Analysis by scanning electron revealed epicuticular wax rod-shaped and as grains. In confocal microscopy, the adaxial epidermis, the fibers and the secretory epithelium of the cavities show autofluorescence. The data obtained are important in quality control exams of samples of this species.
... The morphological characteristics of the leaves that were examined in this work are in accordance with those described by Joly (2002) and Judd et al. (1999) for Myrtaceae. The characteristics also accord with the morphology described by Landrum (1986) and are highly similar to the descriptions of Donato and Morretes (2005) for Psidium widgrenianum Berg., Paula et al. (2008) and Farias et al. (2009) irregular shapes and sizes, thick anticlinal walls that are predominantly punctuated, straight to slightly sinuous and lack stomata (Figure 2c). Secretory cavities are present in large numbers and are covered by pair of reniform cells that are surrounded by approximately 10 cells that are smaller than the other epidermal cells (Figure 2c and d). ...
... However, the knowledge of their micro-morphology is very important for the establishment of patterns, in order to compare samples of plant specimens used as drugs, proving their authenticity. Make use of plants, erroneously identified, is a risky attitude and may lead to the failure of the expected pharmacological effects or to undesirable reactions due to the presence of toxic substances in plants ( DONATO;MORRETES, 2005MORRETES, , 2007). ...
... However, the knowledge of their micro-morphology is very important for the establishment of patterns, in order to compare samples of plant specimens used as drugs, proving their authenticity. Make use of plants, erroneously identified, is a risky attitude and may lead to the failure of the expected pharmacological effects or to undesirable reactions due to the presence of toxic substances in plants ( DONATO;MORRETES, 2005MORRETES, , 2007). ...
... For example, in Psidium widgrenianum, which has anti-inflammatory and antineoplasic activities, Donato; Morretes (2005) found secretory cavities with essential oils distributed in both faces of its leaves and calcium oxalate druses near the vascular bundles. Donato;Morretes (2007) evaluated the leaf anatomy of specimens of Eugenia brasiliensis, from two localities, and found numerous secretory cavities with essential oils in both faces of the leaf; the number of observed cavities was different between the localities studied. In Eugenia dysenterica, used to combat diarrhea, Palhares (2003) found a large number of glands scattered in the mesophyll. ...
The study of medicinal plants involves several areas of science. Anatomy contributes to species
identification and consequently, with quality control of plant product. This paper describes the leaf
and stem anatomy of Pimenta pseudocaryophyllus (Gomes) L.R. Landrum (Myrtaceae), collected in
Seasonal Semideciduous Forest. The studied organs presented uniseriate epidermis covered by a thick
cuticle and secretory cavities. The stem showed a continuous ring of vascular tissues around the pith,
with phloem on both sides of the xylem. The leaf was hypostomatic, with trichomes on the abaxial face,
with bifacial mesophyll and amphicrival vascular bundle, surrounded by a sclerenchymatous pericycle
in the petiole and in the midrib. Among the histochemical tests, positive results were obtained for
lipids, phenolic compounds, starch and calcium oxalate (druses). The species had anatomical features
typical of the family and the secretory cavities present in leaves and stems were related to the secondary
metabolites detected.
... The top cells of secretory cavities are also an important distinguishing feature when analyzed from a frontal view. Generally, the top cells occur in pairs with a winding median wall, as in Eugenia nitida (Pereira, 1985), Eugenia uniflora (Neves & Donato, 1989), Psidium cattleianum, Psidium guajava (Jorge, 1992) and Psidium widgrenianum (Donato & Morretes, 2005). Sometimes, the top region of secretory cavities is characterized by a single cell with a polygonal, elliptical or rounded shape, with the adjacent cells arranged radially. ...
Many species of Myrtaceae, including Plinia edulis (Vell.) Sobral (cambucá), have pharmacological properties and are used as hypoglycemiants and therapeutic agents against stomach problems and throat infections. Samples were collected from Tijuca Forest in Rio de Janeiro, and the morpho-anatomical data were compared with other specimens obtained from Trindade, Paraty, found in the literature. Variations in leaf anatomy were observed, and the possible causes for these effects are discussed. The plant material collected from Tijuca Forest was analyzed using scanning electron and optical microscopy. Histochemical tests were applied to identify starch, lipids, phenolic compounds and lignin. The epidermal cells exhibit straight or slightly sinuous anticlinal walls covered by a smooth cuticle with granules of wax. Simple trichomes are restricted to the midrib region, and paracytic stomata are only observed on the abaxial leaf surface. The mesophyll is dorsiventral, with conspicuous intercellular spaces in the spongy parenchyma. Intercalated columns of crystalliferous cells and subepidermal secretory cavities are observed in the single layer of palisade parenchyma. The samples obtained from Trindade, Paraty, show larger leaves, anomocytic stomata and trichomes scattered throughout the leaf surface. This plasticity might reflect leaf adaptations to environmental factors or different stages of leaf development.
... A morfoanatomia contribui para o conhecimento desses vegetais, principalmente, em se tratando da correta identificação da espécie. A diagnose de espécies medicinais baseia-se primeiramente na análise morfoanatômica dos órgãos vegetativos e reprodutivos, mostrando-se relevante na identificação de drogas pulverizadas ou rasuradas, contribuindo para o controle da qualidade de drogas vegetais (Donato & Morretes, 2005). ...
Baccharis rufescens Spreng. var. tenuifolia (DC.) Baker belongs to the Asteraceae family. It is used for liver and stomach problems in traditional medicine. Previous phytochemical data reported flavonoid and triterpene contents. Chloroform and methanol extracts of the leaves showed activity in the bioassay of brine shrimp. Chloroform extracts showed the presence of peroxides that can be used to treat malaria (Schenkel et al., 2002; Montanher et al., 2002; Moreira et al., 2003). Considering the pharmacological importance of B. rufescens var. tenuifolia, the purpose of this paper was to perform the anatomical analysis of aerial vegetative parts of Baccharis rufescens var. tenuifolia in order to provide pharmacognostic data for quality control. The plant material was studied by the usual methods of light and scanning electron microscopy. Amphistomatic leaves, anomocytic stomata, biseriate capitate glandular trichomes, uniseriate simple flagelliform non-glandular trichomes, secretory ducts associated to the phloem, perivascular fiber cap, calcium oxalate as prismatic and styloid crystals in the pith of the stem were reported as the mainly anatomical data for B. rufescens var. tenuifolia.Ouvir Ler foneticamente
... Fibras esclerenquimáticas aparecem concentradas próximas às extremidades ou em toda a extensão da bainha. Ainda foram observados idioblastos, contendo cristais em forma de drusas, e cavidades secretoras (Fig. 63-64), cuja natureza do conteúdo não foi possível defi nir, apesar de ser relatada em outros gêneros a existência de óleos essenciais (Metcalfe & Chalk 1950;Gomes & Neves 1997;Donato & Morretes 2005). Ambas as estruturas ocorreram conjuntamente e variaram em quantidade na região cortical ao redor do sistema vascular, não servindo como caracteres diferenciais entre os táxons. ...
Para avaliar a utilidade de caracteres morfoanatômicos na identificação de materiais botânicos de Campomanesia Ruiz & Pavón, especialmente aqueles estéreis, o padrão de nervação foliar e a configuração do arco vascular no pecíolo de 15 táxons presentes no estado da Bahia foram analisados. O padrão de nervação secundário camptódromo-broquidódromo mostrou-se uniforme entre os táxons, assim como a nervação última marginal em arcos e a nervação terciária do tipo reticulada ortogonal. Diferenças foram observadas quando considerados a presença de nervuras intersecundárias e o tipo de aréolas na lâmina foliar, e a configuração do arco vascular e a natureza da bainha perivascular no pecíolo, podendo estes caracteres ser utilizados para fi ns taxonômicos.
... Fibras esclerenquimáticas aparecem concentradas próximas às extremidades ou em toda a extensão da bainha. Ainda foram observados idioblastos, contendo cristais em forma de drusas, e cavidades secretoras (Fig. 63-64), cuja natureza do conteúdo não foi possível defi nir, apesar de ser relatada em outros gêneros a existência de óleos essenciais (Metcalfe & Chalk 1950;Gomes & Neves 1997;Donato & Morretes 2005). Ambas as estruturas ocorreram conjuntamente e variaram em quantidade na região cortical ao redor do sistema vascular, não servindo como caracteres diferenciais entre os táxons. ...
(Application of morpho-anatomical leaf characters in Campomanesia Ruiz & Pavon (Myrtaceae) taxonomy). To evaluate the utility of morpho-anatomical leaf characters in the identification of botanic material of Campomanesia Ruiz & Pavon, especially when sterile, leaf venation pattern and shape of the vascular arch in the petiole of 15 taxa in Bahia state were analysed. The camptodromous-brochydodromous secondary venation pattern was uniform among the taxa, as well as the ultimate marginal venation in arches and orthogonal reticulate tertiary venation. Differences were observed in the presence of intersecondary veins and areolation in the leaf blade, and shape of the vascular arch and nature of the vascular bundle sheaths in the petiole, characters that could be used for taxonomic purposes.
... widgrenianum (O. Berg) Proença as P. widgrenianum O. Berg (Donato & Morretes 2005), as well as on two unpublished studies of P. basanthum O. Berg and P. australe Cambess. var. ...
Campomanesia cavalcantina Soares-Silva & Proença and Psidium ratterianum Proença & Soares-Silva (Myrtaceae), two new species from the Brazilian highlands are described and illustrated. Campomanesia cavalcantina is similar to Campomanesia eugenioides (Cambess.) D. Legrand var. eugenioides, but differs from this species in being an hemixyle, by the narrow to broadly elliptic-falcate leaves 1.7 - 4.6 times as long as wide with 8 - 15 lateral veins, by the less densely glandular leaves and flowers, and by the lanceolate, c. 7 mm long bracteoles which are persistent to young fruit stage. Psidium ratterianum appears to be most closely allied to P. australe Cambess. Both species share the hemixyle habit, similar leaf shape, leaf ratio and floral morphology. P. ratterianum differs from that species by its narrow, ascendant, strongly bullate leaves, bracteoles which are persistent in the fruit, expanded, funnel-shaped stigma and smaller, elliptic fruits. Anatomically, Psidium ratterianum differs from other species of Psidium, and from other new-world Myrtaceae (Tribe Myrteae), in that the leaves are amphistomatic, a character known to occur in the Australian genus Leptospermum. © 2010 The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
... Muitas espécies de Myrtaceae já foram analisadas, anatomicamente, constatando-se que as células de cobertura das estruturas secretoras são constituídas, geralmente, por pares de células, cuja parede mediana mostra-se sinuosa. Entre os exemplos desse tipo, citam-se Eugenia nitida (Pereira, 1985), Eugenia uniflora (Neves & Donato, 1989;Jorge, 1992), Campomanesia xantohocarpa, Myrciaria cauliflora, Psidium cattleyanum, Psidium guajava (Jorge, 1992), Syzygium cumini (Santos, 1994) e Psidium widgrenianum (Donato & Morretes, 2005). Menos freqüente, é a situação em que ocorre uma única célula de topo, cuja morfologia, em vista frontal, varia entre poligonal, elíptica ou arredondada, com as células adjacentes dispostas radiadamente, como o que se observa em Myrcia multiflora, Plinia edulis (Donato, 2003) e em Eugenia brasiliensis (Donato, 2003;Donato & Morretes, 2007). ...
A study of the foliar anatomy of Eugenia florida DC., a tree of Myrtaceae family collected at Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, was accomplished. This species presents important pharmacological properties, including antiviral activity. The aim of this research was to furnish data, revealed by optical microscopy and scanning electronically microscopy, in order to contribute to the knowledge of the species and to its safe identification. Anatomically, the leaf is hipostomatic, with dorsiventral mesophyll. Simple unicellular hairs are present only on the adaxial side of the leaf in the midvein region. Anticlinal walls of epidermal cells are undulate and the cuticle is striate. Palisade parenchyma presents a large amount of prismatic oxalate crystals. In subepidermical position there are secretory cavities bearing ethereal oils. These structures occur in a low frequency and are scattered along the both sides of the foliar blade. The epidermal cells that overlap the secretory cavities form an important characteristic anatomical feature. They are recognizable by the top cell, which presents a kidney shape surrounded by cells in a radiate way. The comparison between sun and shade leaves shows a complete development of the secretory cavities and a higher concentration of ergastic compounds in the first ones.
... Berg) Mattos e Marlierea suaveolens Cambess. por Callado (1997), para Gomidesia O. Berg por Gomes & Neves (1997), para Eugenia uniflora L. por Auricchio & Bacchi (2003), para Eugenia dysenterica DC. por Palhares (2003) e para Psidium widgrenianum por Donato & Morretes (2005). ...
... A literatura relata ainda que diversas espécies de Myrtaceae apresentam, predominantemente, estômatos paracíticos (Callado 1997;Gomes & Neves 1997;Auricchio & Bacchi 2003;Palhares 2003;Donato & Morretes 2005). Entretanto, em P. pseudocaryophyllus esse tipo de complexo estomático não foi observado. ...
... Kiaersk. e Donato & Morretes (2005) para Psidium widgrenianum. De acordo com Esau (1960), a espessura da cutícula pode variar e é influenciada pelas condições ambientais. ...
Pimenta pseudocaryophyllus (Gomes) L.R. Landrum is a native species from Brazil and occurs mainly in cerrado, caatinga and Atlantic rainforest vegetation. It is commonly known as "craveiro-do-mato", "louro-cravo" or "chá-de-bugre". It is a tree species whose leaves are used for cooking; they smell and taste like cloves (Syzygium aromaticum). This study describes the leaf anatomy of the species. The leaves were sliced with a microtome, stained with 1% toluidine blue and prepared on slides. The histological sections were from the medium section, between the edge and the midrib of the leaves The lower leaf epidermis has anomocytic stomata complexes and non-glandular coats. The epidermis is unicellular; its cells are covered by a thick cuticle. The mesophyll is dorsiventral. The bicollateral vascular bundles are sheathed. Idioblasts with druses, monocrystals and lisigenous secretory canals were found along the entire leaf blade. We conclude that leaf anatomy provides new information on the species, with structures common in leaves of Myrtaceae.
