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Cities provide conditions for the development of creativity and creative capital; some cities have made it an area of strategic intervention. Surely, there is a strong link between the creativity of a city and the value of social capital in a given territory. Hence, it is vital to answer the following questions: To what extent does investment in hu...
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... reasons that guided individual NGOs when they signed up for particular services (Fig. 1), priority was given to their universality (they are universally used by the society) and popular- ity (it is trendy to be active in a network, which improves an organisation's image). Other mo- tives included the global reach of a service, easy access at any place and time, and the promotion of one's operations. Although the answers ...
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... We found six types of partnerships and collaborations in our articles (Table 7). They are as follows: Private-private partnerships Hoffman and Thatcher, 2019;Uriarte et al., 2019), public-public partnerships (e.g., McConnell and Dittmer, 2018;Chernikova and Sokalskiy, 2018;Nekhvyadovich et al., 2018), public-private partnerships (e.g., Hoffman and Thatcher, 2019;Uriarte et al., 2019;Zhang & Chen, 2018;Dechamp and Szostak, 2016), public -NGOs partnerships Richer et al., 2018;Ivashova et al., 2018;Linotte and Phil, 2017), collaborations/cooperations Hirschl and Shachar, 2019;Della Corte et al., 2018;Przygodzki and Kina, 2015;Brown and Bauer, 2015;Herdon et al., 2015), clusters Astafyeva et al., 2017;Aiello et al., 2016). ...
... To be a successful a particular partnership/collaboration, some of the below 20 circumstances/factors should be available (Table 8): clearly defined responsibilities and competencies between different partners (e.g., Richer et al., 2018;Chernikova and Sokalskiy, 2018;Ivashova et al., 2018), clear rules and division of tasks (e.g., Fonseca et al., 2017;Astafyeva et al., 2017;Knyazkina et al., 2016), win-win situation for "both" sides (e.g., Dechamp and Szostak, 2016;Coquil et al., 2014;Rogers and Badger, 2013), equal collaboration (e.g., Della Corte et al., 2018;Polfus et al., 2017;Przygodzki and Kina, 2015;, good lebal teams to prepare a good contract , strong authorities , transparency Criscuolo et al., 2014), strategic access , infrastructure and logistics , the development of linguistic and cultural skills on the part of the entrepreneurs, workers, and authorities a tight network of relation (the development of networks of relations based on trust) , mobilization and agreement among actors , cooperation between institutions involved in the territory and civil society , the potential availability of internet and other developments in technology and communications , hard work and honesty , patience and innovativeness , higher educational levels (basic business skills of account keeping, saving, and networking with markets) , close international collaboration (Hirschl and Shachar, 2019), thinking topologically about connectivity and relationality (Hoffman and Thatcher, 2019) a very loyal, big amount of Table 7 Type of partnerships between social actors in creative territories. Public-private partnerships audience . ...
... Elias and Barbero (2021) Social partners Héraud, 2016 12 Producers and wholesale traders Calleja and González (2021) 13 Fishermen Elias and Barbero (2021) 14 Manufacturer Kurbah and Rao (2020) 15 Farmers and landowners Bouayad (2020) 16 Fashion firms and transcultural actors and consumers in the fashion supply chain Ling and Reinach (2019) 17 Theme parks Babaev et al. (2019) 18 Producer associations , Astafyeva et al. (2017), Cooperatives , Héraud (2011) 21 Industries Source: Drawn by authors 2018; Chernikova and Sokalskiy, 2018;Nekhvyadovich et al., 2018), public-private partnerships (e.g., Bouayad, 2020Hoffman and Thatcher, 2019;Uriarte et al., 2019;Dechamp and Szostak, 2016), public-NGO partnerships Richer et al., 2018;Ivashova et al., 2018;Linotte and Phil, 2017), collaborations/cooperations Hirschl and Shachar, 2019;Della Corte et al., 2018;Przygodzki and Kina, 2015;Brown and Bauer, 2015;Herdon et al., 2015), clusters Astafyeva et al., 2017;Aiello et al., 2016). Several factors (Table 8) can contribute to the successful and sustainable development of different partnerships and collaboration (Table 7) between social actors (Table 9). ...
Creative territories are geographic spaces of collaboration between different social actors, driving innovations
and requiring regulatory mechanisms for sustainability and growth. This paper aims to synthesize available
evidence on creative territories through a systematic literature review to analyze the significant actors in creative
territories, the type of partnerships between them, the kind of innovations in creative territories, and the regulatory mechanisms for supporting these territories. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and
Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed to ensure a transparent and systematic approach. A
comprehensive search in the Scopus database, employing predefined search terms and inclusion criteria,
included 86 articles. The findings revealed several key topics within the existing academic literature on creative
territories, including i) the individual social players in creative territories and partnerships and collaborations
among them, ii) the various innovations in these territories and sectors, iii) the regulatory mechanisms applied
by government and non-government actors. These topics or aspects were further analyzed and categorized to
provide a comprehensive overview of the research landscape. The discussion section presents a critical analysis
and synthesis of the findings, highlighting that the government supports creative territories through 16 regu�latory mechanisms, while the literature highlights at least 5 levels of government intervention. Additionally,
private social actors can positively impact creative territories through various regulatory mechanisms, including
firm self-regulation, industry self-regulation, and civil regulation, with at least 21 social actors classified into 5
groups collaborating through six types/forms of collaboration. Furthermore, several circumstances and factors
should be available to prosper in a particular partnership/collaboration like a clear definition of responsibilities,
well-defined rules, mutual benefits, equal collaboration, and solid authority. The findings underscore the
importance of creative territories and serve as a valuable resource for researchers, practitioners, and policy-makers, offering insights and directions for future research endeavors.
... There is no funding support. (Kagan, & Hahn, 2011: 13 (Chatterton, 2000), (Lin, S. Y. 2020), (Hall & Pfeiffer, 2013) از استفاده ظرفیت های فرهنگی و تاریخی (Markusen, 2006), (Bayliss, 2007), (Sasaki, 2008) سازی برند خالق شهر (Dinnie, 2011), (Sepe, 2010), (Metaxas, 2010) اقتصادی تحول (Grodach, C. 2013), (Vivant, E. 2013), (Cohendet, P. et al. 2010) رویدادپذیر و خالق شهری فضاهای خلق (Goldberg-Miller, 2019), (Shaw, 2014), (Mayer, 2013) گری تسهیل و مالی حمایت فعالیت های خالق طبقه (Przygodzki & Kina, 2015), (Catungal. Et al. 2009) Eglins-Eglitis & Lusena-Ezera, 2016), (Landry, 2006), (Cooke & Lazzeretti, 2008), (Kakiuchi, 2016) ...
Cities are the main places where creativity and innovation emerge, and this creativity is considered vital and essential for their economic success. The creative development of cities requires various fields, the most important of which are urban branding and the development of citizen participation. Therefore, the main goal of this article is to investigate the impact of Rasht's urban management measures in different areas on the realization of the creative food city brand of this city. The current research is descriptive-quantitative with an applied nature. A questionnaire with a Likert scale was used to collect research data. Using the random sampling method, 500 questionnaires were distributed among the residents and citizens of this city. The data obtained from these questionnaires were quantitatively entered into SPSS software, and then modeling and analysis of research findings were done using Smart PLS3 software. The results of the research showed that the indicators of "economic transformation," "networking and participation," "use of historical and cultural capacities," and "organizational structure in the policy area of the creative city," respectively, have the most significant effect on the realization of Rasht city branding.
... In other words, the core of this model is the creative class which includes individuals who use their creativity to benefit economic growth, with a tendency to concentrate in attractive places, specifically cities, according to Florida (2002a, b). Banking on the creative industries, where the main actors are new entrepreneurs in the area of technology, media and entertainment (Scott, 2000), is fundamental for a better understanding of the spatial dimension of creative work in relation to the attractiveness of urban areas, as effective connectivity (partnerships/networks) is relevant for creative workers (Brennan-Horley, 2010), particularly social networks and open collaboration networks to spread knowledge (Przygodzki & Kina, 2015). ...
This study aims to carry out scientific and bibliometric mapping of the rural creative class. It analyses 57 articles retrieved from the Web of Science (WoS) database and resorts to bibliographic coupling using VOSviewer software to identify the main lines of research on this theme, before advancing new topics for future research. The results identify and classify the prevailing theoretical foci in this domain as: (i) Florida’s theory and rural areas; and (ii) Urban growth and the creative class. The main contribution of this study lies in showing the need to understand effective operationalization of Florida’s model in rural areas, as a way to raise their sustained economic growth. In addition, network theory is necessary if used to explain the bridge between rural creativity and the place’s social capital. A conceptual framework is proposed for the development of rural or sparsely populated areas, presenting the challenge of its application by political decision-makers, as well as trend topics for a future agenda.
... Jest w niej miejsce dla instytucji o zróżnicowanej i często odmiennej specyfice. Obok procesów globalnych, zupełnie aprzestrzennych, dzieją się również te, które ulegają procesom terytorializacji lub z natury mają charakter lokalny (Przygodzki, Kina, 2015). Globalność bowiem w tym przypadku nie wyklucza szacunku dla miejsca. ...
Ekonomiczna wartość przestrzeni publicznych. Kapitał, wycena, zarządzanie to pozycja wpisująca się w szeroki nurt badań nad przestrzenią miejską. Autorzy wychodzą jednak poza prowadzone dotychczas badania na gruncie architektury i socjologii. W książce przedstawiona została bowiem perspektywa ekonomiczna w badaniach przestrzeni publicznych, która potraktowana została jako dobro ekonomiczne. Celem książki jest identyfikacja: obszarów kumulacji kapitałów, które posiadają wymierną, ekonomiczną wartość i znaczenie w procesach rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczego; sposobów szacowania wartości przestrzeni publicznych w celu ekonomicznego dowodzenia ich znaczenia i wagi w procesach rozwoju; technik i sposobów koordynacji procesów zarządzania, czyli modeli efektywnego gospodarowania przestrzeniami publicznymi. W publikacji zidentyfikowano podstawowe kapitały zawarte w przestrzeniach publicznych (marki, dziedzictwa kulturowego, sieci, społeczny, kreatywny i rzeczowy), które determinują jej wartość ekonomiczną. Logiczną konsekwencją rozważań jest druga część książki, poświęcona metodom ekonomicznej wyceny wartości przestrzeni publicznych. Świadomość ekonomicznej wartości przestrzeni publicznych jest podstawowym warunkiem skutecznego zarządzania. Stąd w trzeciej części czytelnik znajdzie szczegółowo zaprezentowane i zilustrowane przykładami biznesowe modele efektywnego zarządzania przestrzeniami publicznymi.
... Concentrating on the creative industries, whose main actors are new entrepreneurs in the area of technology, media, and entertainment [60], is fundamental for a better understanding of the spatial dimension of creative work, as the existence of effective connectivity (partnerships/networks) is relevant for creative workers [61], namely social networks and open collaboration networks, to spread knowledge [62]. ...
This study aims to identify the indicators/indices for measuring current cities' creative performance and the individual weight of each in that performance. To do so, a review and compilation of theoretical and empirical indices already developed was undertaken, showing culture, the creative economy, and a favourable environment as inseparable sub-dimensions of creativity. This compilation allowed the construction of a Composite Index for Creativity, using a quantitative methodology, which revealed 17 factors determining cities' creative performance, for the evaluation of performance in the Portuguese context, which allows monitoring the degree of implementation of some of the targets of the 2020 Strategy. The results illustrate that Portugal follows the European tendency of including creativity in its strategies as an economic factor determining growth. With scientific rigour and quality, the weights of each sub-dimension studied in the Composite Index were determined, this being the study's main contribution. Other implications for theory and practice and an agenda for future research are also presented.
... Concentrating on the creative industries, whose main actors are new entrepreneurs in the area of technology, media, and entertainment [60], is fundamental for a better understanding of the spatial dimension of creative work, as the existence of effective connectivity (partnerships/networks) is relevant for creative workers [61], namely social networks and open collaboration networks, to spread knowledge [62]. ...
This study aims to identify the indicators/indices for measuring current cities’ creative performance and the individual weight of each in that performance. To do so, a review and compilation of theoretical and empirical indices already developed was undertaken, showing culture, the creative economy and a favourable environment as inseparable sub-dimensions of creativity. This compilation allowed construction of a Composite Index for Creativity, using a quantitative methodology, which revealed 17 factors determining cities’ creative performance, for the evaluation of performance in the Portuguese context, which allows monitoring the degree of implementation of some of the targets of the 2020 Strategy..The results illustrate that Portugal follows the European tendency of including creativity in its strategies as an economic factor determining growth. With scientific rigour and quality, the weights of each sub-dimension studied in the Composite Index were determined, this being the study’s main contribution. Other implications for theory and practice and an agenda for future research are also presented.
Keywords: Cities; Creativity; Indicators; Composite Index and Performance
... Beyond the above, a more recent and much less common conceptualisation is proposed within the framework of research on creativity that has to do with its social and cultural dimension, which is assumed from a global perspective, in the sense that whilst before its use was confined to activities framed in the field of art and culture, now people speak of communities or creative cities (Przygodzki and Kina, 2015), to describe a scenario in which creativity is a sine qua non condition of social development, economic growth and prosperity. ...
... In the analysed articles it was observed that often the term creativity is used indistinguishably as innovation and although they are undoubtedly closely linked, they are two different subjects. As Przygodzki and Kina (2015) point out, creativity is a divergent thinking process that generates new ideas, while innovation is the convergent process focused on implementing them. In addition, United Nations (2016, p.20) adds that "opening up the idea of creativity as a driving force in the knowledge economy pushes the creative industries into the spotlight as a primary source of the skilled workforce that produces creative ideas and make innovation happen." ...
Creativity is considered one of the key skills of the 21st century. Likewise, information and communication technologies (ICT) have been identified as a constant presence in contemporary education, where there is the persistent challenge of developing creative thinking in children and young people who will live and perform in a highly globalised, interconnected, changing and uncertain social and cultural context. To better understand the relationship between the educational use of ICT and the development of creativity, a systematic literature review was carried out on 100 published studies with this subject. The results highlight on the one hand, the coexistence of three different conceptualisations on creativity and on the other hand, the identification of both contributions and barriers of ICT to the development of creative thinking that have more to do with cultural, attitudinal and organisational issues about their educational use than with the very nature of ICT.
The paper claims that effective public monitoring is necessary to achieve a “digital maturity” within the social sphere and effective civil society. While society’s digitalization and social networks role are increasing, a monitoring observation system should be formed as an information and expert system, implemented based on experts’ knowledge and models, using up-to-date communication technologies. The research aims to propose an appropriate communication model within social systems to assess and forecast social capital. Functions of the latter include information circulation and social capital regulation of ensuring the stability of social relations. The paper presents a structured research program that aims to conceptualize a social system communication model. The authors present the results of migrants’ and host populations’ pilot research in four Arctic regions. They use both traditional sociological measurements and Internet service. Based on chaos theory (synergetics) methods, the authors propose a structural model that assesses social climate. The model is implemented as an index method for assessing the likelihood of interethnic conflict between migrants and the host population. The social climate in the two pilot regions turned out to be more sensitive and less tolerant. Methodological requirements for conducting IT surveys are also presented to achieve sociological data performance.KeywordsSocial systemSocio-cultural spaceSocial capitalSocial climateMigrationCommunication modelCommunication indexInternet survey
Rasht was selected as a creative gastronomy city in 2015 and became a UNESCO Creative Cities network member. Despite several years since winning this title, the path to realizing the brand of Rasht creative city has faced challenges, and the relevant institutions have not been able to achieve significant success in urban branding at the national and international levels. However, Rasht city can become a global brand due to its appropriate historical and cultural capacities. This study's primary purpose is to evaluate urban management's performance in urban branding and provide suggestions to promote the brand of the creative city of Rasht. The present study is descriptive-quantitative and applied research. Residents and citizens of this city have completed 410 questionnaires. The obtained data were evaluated and analyzed using Pearson correlation, binomial test, and exploratory factor analysis in SPSS software. The analysis results showed that the index of financial support for the creative class activity and facilitation of urban management has the lowest level among other indicators. Bilateral interaction and citizen participation in realizing this brand in the city is another issue that city management has ignored. Therefore, allocating the necessary financial support and facilities for the creative class, creating an influential communication institution, and using the Internet and cyberspace's capacity will be priorities in branding Rasht as a creative city.
The measurement of cities’ holistic performance is complex but fundamental to conclude about the economic growth of regions and countries. In addition, the results of this measurement allow classification of cities through grouping them in clusters with homogeneous characteristics. In this connection, the aim of this study is to present a taxonomy for cities in terms of homogeneity and similarity for the geographical context analysed. The transversal study carried out covered all Portuguese towns and cities (N = 308), considering a wide range of dimensions, sub-dimensions, indicators and variables, and followed a quantitative research method. Through Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA), the results obtained determined the grouping of towns and cities in 12 clusters, which were classified in the taxonomy defined for cities’ holistic performance – excellent, high, average and weak, according to their position in the various rankings extracted (Composite Indices of holistic performance, creative performance, intelligent performance and sustainable performance). This classification by taxonomical profile of clusters is the main contribution of the study. Finally, other implications for theory and practice are presented, as well as suggesting relevant lines of future research.
KEY-WORDS: composite index, creativity, intelligence, urban sustainability, performance, clusterization, taxonomy
