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Radiographic follow-up: (A) Mediolateral and (B) craniocaudal radiographic projections of the right stifle joint immediately after surgery. Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) bone cement ( Ã ) fills the complete lytic lesion. The medial tibial plateau collapse has been corrected (white arrows). No PMMA intra-articular penetration is visible. (C) Mediolateral and (D) craniocaudal radiographic projections of the right stifle joint at 5-month follow-up. Major progression of osteolysis around the PMMA bone cement is apparent ( Ã ). A lateral tibial plateau fracture could also be suspected (black arrows).
Source publication
Case Description A 9-year-old neutered female mixed-breed dog was presented for the assessment of right pelvic limb lameness of 1-week duration. The lameness had progressed to non-weight bearing the day before presentation.
Diagnostic Findings Radiographic examination of the right stifle joint revealed a large purely lytic lesion affecting the prox...
Citations
... Canine GCTBs have been diagnosed as originating from the humerus, 26 accessory carpal bone, 27 scapula 28 and proximal tibia. 29 Metastases have been reported in regional lymph nodes, lungs, liver and other bones. 28,30 GCTBs have also been described in horses, laboratory rodents and avian species. ...
... 20,22,25,27 In a case report with a dog with a stage III tibial GCTB, local recurrence occurred 5 months after surgery. 29 Following the human classification, this cat had a stage II GCTB and therefore our treatment approach should be considered appropriate. ...
Case summary
A 10-year-old male neutered domestic shorthair cat was presented with a 5-month history of progressive non-ambulatory paraparesis. Initial vertebral column radiographs revealed an L2–L3 expansile osteolytic lesion. Spinal MRI showed a well-demarcated, compressive expansile extradural mass lesion affecting the caudal lamina, caudal articular processes and right pedicle of the second lumbar vertebra. The mass was hypointense/isointense on T2-weighted images, isointense on T1-weighted images and had mild homogeneous contrast enhancement after gadolinium administration. MRI of the remaining neuroaxis and CT of the neck, thorax and abdomen with ioversol contrast revealed no additional neoplastic foci. The lesion was removed by en bloc resection via a dorsal L2–L3 laminectomy, including the articular process joints and pedicles. Vertebral stabilisation was performed with titanium screws placed within L1, L2, L3 and L4 pedicles with polymethylmethacrylate cement embedding. Histopathology revealed an osteoproductive neoplasm composed of spindle and multinucleated giant cells without detectable cellular atypia or mitotic activity. On immunohistochemical evaluation, osterix, ionised calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 and vimentin labelling were observed. Based on the clinical and histological features, a giant cell tumour of bone was considered most likely. Follow-up at 3 and 24 weeks postoperatively demonstrated significant neurological improvement. Postoperative full-body CT at 6 months showed instability of the stabilisation construct but absence of local recurrence or metastasis.
Relevance and novel information
This is the first reported case of a giant cell tumour of bone in the vertebra of a cat. We present the imaging findings, surgical treatment, histopathology, immunohistochemistry and outcome of this rare neoplasm.
