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![RPE scores [A] obtained after the judo match, and HG [B], PP [C], and MP [D] recorded before and after the judo match during the NSN and PSDE experimental conditions. ⁄ : significant difference between before and after the judo match. $: significant difference between NSN and PSDE.](profile/Asma-Aloui/publication/263521439/figure/fig1/AS:614208005734416@1523450008353/RPE-scores-A-obtained-after-the-judo-match-and-HG-B-PP-C-and-MP-D-recorded.png)
RPE scores [A] obtained after the judo match, and HG [B], PP [C], and MP [D] recorded before and after the judo match during the NSN and PSDE experimental conditions. ⁄ : significant difference between before and after the judo match. $: significant difference between NSN and PSDE.
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![Figure 1. RPE scores [A] obtained after the judo match, and HG [B], PP...](profile/Asma-Aloui/publication/263521439/figure/fig1/AS:614208005734416@1523450008353/RPE-scores-A-obtained-after-the-judo-match-and-HG-B-PP-C-and-MP-D-recorded_Q320.jpg)
The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of partial sleep deprivation at the end of the night (PSDE) on anaerobic performances during the Wingate test (peak (PP) and mean (MP) power) and the hand grip (HG) test in judokas. In a randomized order, twenty-one judokas (age: 19.1 ± 1.2 yrs; height: 176.5 ± 4.2 cm; body mass: 77.3 ± 6.3 kg)...
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Although trunk muscle function has been suggested to be a determinant of judo performance, its contribution to high-level performance in this sport has been poorly studied. Therefore, several tests were used to assess the differences in trunk muscle function between 11 international and 14 national level judo practitioners (judokas). Trunk strength...
Citations
... Deviations in normal sleep may impair an individual's endurance and physical capacity as sleep deprivation has been shown to decrease VO2max in cyclists (Bond et al., 1986), time to exhaustion in volleyball players (Azboy & Kaygisiz, 2009), and decrease in anaerobic Wingate test scores in soccer players, judokas, and judo competitors (Abedelmalek et al., 2013;HajSalem et al., 2013;Souissi et al., 2013). Mah and colleagues showed that basketball players who increased their sleep to at least ten hours per night increased not only physical performance, but also reported higher scores on emotional well-being (Mah et al., 2011). ...
Injuries in soccer athletes continues to rise and there is a cause for concern. Collegiate athletes have physically demanding workloads and struggle to sleep an adequate amount each night. A potential association is how sleep could play a role in an athletes’ injury. 24 NCAA DI women’s soccer athletes were utilized during the Fall 2019 season. Athletes self-reported their daily hours slept and the athletic trainer tracked and classified athletes’ injury and illness status: no-injury, medical attention injury, or time loss injury. K-mean clustering was utilized to classify the athletes into 3 groups: injury/illness-free group (n=12), mild-to-moderate injury/illness group (n=7), and heavy injury/illness group (n=5). Sleep was statistically significantly lower in the heavy-injury group than other groups and small effect sizes were detected (d31 = .282, p < .001; d32 = .278, p < .001). Based on the data, it appears hours slept plays a factor in female soccer athletes’ risk of injury.
... Além disso, há a compreensão de que, dos componentes passíveis de comprometimento em decorrência da PS/PPS, o cérebro é aquele que agrega os maiores riscos (HOBSON, 2005). Dos parâmetros anaeróbios avaliados, o pico de potência é o desfecho mais testado (ABEDELMALEK et al., 2013;HAJSALEM et al., 2013;MOUGIN et al., 1996;SOUISSI et al., 2003SOUISSI et al., , 2008SYMONS;MYLES, 1988;TAHERI;ARABAMERI, 2012), seguido da potência máxima e do perfil força x velocidade (SOUISSI et al., 2003(SOUISSI et al., , 2008. ...
... Nenhum estudo para este parâmetro foi realizado com atletas de voleibol ou voleibol de praia, que seja do nosso conhecimento, e cinco avaliaram a PPS (ABEDELMALEK et al., 2013;HAJSALEM et al., 2013;MOUGIN et al., 1996;SOUISSI et al., 2003SOUISSI et al., , 2008. Baseado nos resultados destes estudos, é essencial adotar cautela para eventuais conclusões dado, Ainda, a PS/PPS foi induzida para a análise de diversos desfechos para força muscular em populações heterogêneas (BULBULIAN, 1996;HAJSALEM et al., 2013;MENEY et al., 1998;REILLY;DEYKIN, 1983;REILLY;PIERCY, 1994;SKEIN et al., 2011;SOUISSI et al., 2013;SYMONS;MYLES, 1988;TAKEUCHI et al., 1985). ...
... Nenhum estudo para este parâmetro foi realizado com atletas de voleibol ou voleibol de praia, que seja do nosso conhecimento, e cinco avaliaram a PPS (ABEDELMALEK et al., 2013;HAJSALEM et al., 2013;MOUGIN et al., 1996;SOUISSI et al., 2003SOUISSI et al., , 2008. Baseado nos resultados destes estudos, é essencial adotar cautela para eventuais conclusões dado, Ainda, a PS/PPS foi induzida para a análise de diversos desfechos para força muscular em populações heterogêneas (BULBULIAN, 1996;HAJSALEM et al., 2013;MENEY et al., 1998;REILLY;DEYKIN, 1983;REILLY;PIERCY, 1994;SKEIN et al., 2011;SOUISSI et al., 2013;SYMONS;MYLES, 1988;TAKEUCHI et al., 1985). Os estudos com PPS avaliaram judocas (HAJSALEM et al., 2013;SOUISSI et al., 2013) ...
A fadiga mental (FM) e a privação/privação parcial do sono (PS/PPS), por si só, prejudicam o desempenho percepto-cognitivo e físico de atletas das mais variadas modalidades esportivas. Estudos que avaliem os efeitos da FM e PPS conjugados, que individualizem a carga cognitiva e a duração da PPS e que analisem o desempenho percepto-cognitivo e físico de atletas de voleibol de praia a partir de testes ecológicos são necessários. Esse estudo teve como objetivo analisar os efeitos da PPS e da FM, conjugadas e isoladas, no desempenho percepto-cognitivo e físico em atletas treinados de voleibol de praia. Participaram do estudo 14 atletas treinados de voleibol de praia (12 homens; 17,6±1,5 anos). O estudo foi do tipo experimental de medidas repetidas, cruzado e randomizado e adotou quatro condições experimentais: a) Controle (CT), b) FM, c) PPS e d) PPS+FM. A FM foi induzida pelo Stroop task incongruente e a atividade de sono dos voluntários foi monitorada por oito noites consecutivas. A carga cognitiva e a duração da PPS foram individualizadas. O cumprimento da PPS foi monitorado por formulário online, preenchido em intervalos de 15 minutos pelo tempo que perdurou a PPS. O desempenho físico foi medido por uma série de 50 saltos com contramovimento com intervalos de 5 segundos entre cada salto realizados em esforço máximo e o desempenho percepto-cognitivo foi avaliado via testes visuomotores com luzes de light emitting diode (LED) que simularam ações de defesa e bloqueio no voleibol de praia. Os desfechos primários do estudo foram analisados pela análise de variância ANOVA de um fator (condição [4]) e o post-hoc de bonferroni foi aplicado para localizar as eventuais diferenças estatisticamente significantes. Os dados contínuos estão apresentados como média e desvio padrão e os categóricos como valores absolutos e relativos. A condição PPS causou respostas mais lentas no tempo de reação (TR) “mais rápido” (p=0,02; d de Cohen=1,12; PPS: 1562.14±109.06 ms vs CT: 1440.71±101.41 ms) e “média” (p=0,02; d de Cohen=1,13; PPS: 1874.29±144.63 ms vs CT: 1727.14±113.30 ms) do teste visuomotor de defesa comparado ao CT e a condição PPS+FM apresentou prejuízo no TR “média” (p<0,01; d de Cohen=1,38; PPS+FM: 1906.43±133.45 ms vs CT: 1727.14±113.30 ms) do mesmo teste comparado ao CT. Para o teste visuomotor de bloqueio foi observado que a condição PPS+FM prejudicou o TR “média” (p=0,04; d de Cohen=1,06; PPS+FM: 722.14±100.09 ms vs CT: 631.42±82.17 ms) e “índice de desempenho” (p=0,02; d de Cohen=1,18; PPS+FM: 0,14±0,02 u.a vs CT: 0,16±0,02 u.a) comparado ao CT. O desempenho físico não foi prejudicado por nenhuma condição experimental. Conclui-se, portanto, que a PPS, isolada e conjugada à FM, prejudicam o desempenho percepto-cognitivo de atletas treinados de voleibol de praia, entretanto, os prejuízos da PPS conjugados à FM não se sobrepõem àqueles observados na PPS quando isolada. Adicionalmente, o desempenho físico não foi prejudicado nem pela FM nem pela PPS em atletas treinados de voleibol de praia.
... Not only are these functions essential for human functioning, but they are also critical for an athlete's training and recovery. Inadequate sleep may also impair athletic performance; total or partial sleep deprivation has been shown to reduce aerobic capacity, anaerobic power, neurocognitive functioning, and sport-specific skills [2,[11][12][13][14]. Moreover, research has shown that the impact of sleep deprivation on performance occurs in a dose-dependent relationship [15••]. ...
Purpose of Review
Sleep has received increased attention among athletic communities in recent years due to its impact on athlete health and performance. The current paper summarizes the prevalence of sleep-related concerns and sport-specific risk factors for the development of sleep problems in athletes.
Recent Findings
Findings indicate that a significant portion of athletes is not obtaining enough sleep relative to public health guidelines. While researchers hypothesize athletes need more sleep, no athlete-specific guidelines for sleep duration exist. Results on sleep quality in athletes are mixed with variability due to general and sport-specific factors. Travel, inconsistent schedules, training volume, concussion, and supplement use are sport-specific risk factors for inadequate sleep.
Summary
Data on athlete sleep concerns should be utilized to inform screening, assessment, and interventions. Further studies are required to understand sleep quality and risk profiles that may contribute to sleep problems in athletes.
... ESM Table S1 provides the original search breakdown; ESM Table S2 provides the origin of included publications; and ESM Table S3 provides the reference and reason for exclusion of full-text publications. HIIE high-intensity interval exercise, ESM electronic supplementary material [64,89] were not included in the review. However, serial measures were accepted if the preceding test was deemed unlikely to have influenced performance on the subsequent test. ...
Background
Sleep loss may influence subsequent physical performance. Quantifying the impact of sleep loss on physical performance is critical for individuals involved in athletic pursuits.
Design
Systematic review and meta-analysis.
Search and Inclusion
Studies were identified via the Web of Science, Scopus, and PsycINFO online databases. Investigations measuring exercise performance under ‘control’ (i.e., normal sleep, > 6 h in any 24 h period) and ‘intervention’ (i.e., sleep loss, ≤ 6 h sleep in any 24 h period) conditions were included. Performance tasks were classified into different exercise categories (anaerobic power, speed/power endurance, high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE), strength, endurance, strength-endurance, and skill). Multi-level random-effects meta-analyses and meta-regression analyses were conducted, including subgroup analyses to explore the influence of sleep-loss protocol (e.g., deprivation, restriction, early [delayed sleep onset] and late restriction [earlier than normal waking]), time of day the exercise task was performed (AM vs. PM) and body limb strength (upper vs. lower body).
Results
Overall, 227 outcome measures (anaerobic power: n = 58; speed/power endurance: n = 32; HIIE: n = 27; strength: n = 66; endurance: n = 22; strength-endurance: n = 9; skill: n = 13) derived from 69 publications were included. Results indicated a negative impact of sleep loss on the percentage change (%Δ) in exercise performance (n = 959 [89%] male; mean %Δ = − 7.56%, 95% CI − 11.9 to − 3.13, p = 0.001, I² = 98.1%). Effects were significant for all exercise categories. Subgroup analyses indicated that the pattern of sleep loss (i.e., deprivation, early and late restriction) preceding exercise is an important factor, with consistent negative effects only observed with deprivation and late-restriction protocols. A significant positive relationship was observed between time awake prior to the exercise task and %Δ in performance for both deprivation and late-restriction protocols (~ 0.4% decrease for every hour awake prior to exercise). The negative effects of sleep loss on different exercise tasks performed in the PM were consistent, while tasks performed in the AM were largely unaffected.
Conclusions
Sleep loss appears to have a negative impact on exercise performance. If sleep loss is anticipated and unavoidable, individuals should avoid situations that lead to experiencing deprivation or late restriction, and prioritise morning exercise in an effort to maintain performance.
... Yet, Sinnerton and Reilly 7 found no decrements in swimming performance times following 4 consecutive days of partial sleep restriction, sleeping 2.5 hours per night. These inconsistencies between sleep restriction and its effects on exercise performance measurements have been shown to span not only aerobic performance measures, but anaerobic- [14][15][16] and sport-specific performance as well. 17,18 It is conceivable that equivocal results in terms of sleep duration and performance are primarily a product of event format, as most competitions previously evaluated are single events in which sleep loss is only experienced acutely. ...
... Lower sleep duration has been shown to have a negative effect on endurance exercise performance >60 minutes 28,29,37 when compared with anaerobic exercise modalities and maximal strength performance. [14][15][16]38 Specifically, following 4 nights of acute sleep restriction separated by a 7-day washout (30% of BL sleep duration), the time to complete a cycling time trial was increased on the third and fourth day of acute sleep restriction (day 3: 60.4 [3.7] 39 Similarly, 1 night of acute sleep restriction, totaling 2 hours of total sleep, prior to a 3-km cycling time trial reduced exercise performance by 4%. 13 The results of the current investigation support these findings. ...
The relationship between sleep duration, sleep quality, and race completion time during each stage of a 3-day ultra-endurance triathlon (stage 1: 10-km swim, 146-km cycle; stage 2: 276-km cycle; and stage 3: 84.4-km run) was investigated. Seventeen triathletes partook in sleep analysis throughout the ultra-endurance multiday triathlon using an actigraphy wristband. The participants wore the band to record objective sleep outcomes for approximately 4 days (1-2 d prerace, 3 race days, and 1 d postrace), except while racing. The total sleep time (TST; prerace: 414.1 [95.3] min, prestage 1: 392.2 [138.3] min, prestage 2: 355.6 [62.5] min, and prestage 3: 299.7 [107.0] min) significantly decreased over time (P < .05). Significant Pearson moment-product correlations were found between TST and subsequent race-day performance for race stage 1 (r = -.577; P = .019) and stage 3 (r = -.546; P = .035), with further analysis revealing that TST explained 33% and 30% of the variation in performance for stages 1 and 3, respectively. During a 3-day ultra-endurance triathlon, the TST was reduced and had a significant negative correlation to exercise performance, indicating that sleep loss was associated with slower performances. Sleep onset latency, wake episodes, and sleep efficiency did not significantly change over the course of this investigation, which may stem from the close proximity of exercise to sleep.
... In this context, previous studies reported that 24SD negatively affects performance (e.g., time to exhaustion on a cycling test (Azboy and Kaygisiz 2009), submaximal treadmill run by runners (Oliver et al. 2009), 3-km cycling time-trial (Chase et al. 2017), and reaction time (Taheri and Arabameri 2012)). In the same way, partial sleep deprivation (3 or 4 h) was reported, also, to reduce performance (e.g., peak and mean anaerobic power (Abedelmalek et al. 2013a;Hajsalem et al. 2013). To overcome these negative effects and since melatonin is reported to reduce the perception of fatigue and improve physical performance (López-Flores et al. 2018), the present study investigated the potential ameroriative effects of melatonin ingestion 30 min prior to exercise in collegiate student-athletes. ...
Several studies report sleep deprivation negatively impacts post-cognitive and physical performance, and other functions. Recent findings indicate ingestion of melatonin prior to exercise enhances tolerance to training and improves competition. We investigated the effects of melatonin supplementation on psychomotor performance and selected physical fitness measures of collegiate student-athletes following 4 h and 24 h of sleep deprivation. The study employed a repeated-measures, double-blind, randomized controlled protocol with posttest control group design with six conditions [3 sleep conditions (without sleep deprivation, 4 h sleep deprivation (4SD) and 24 h sleep deprivation (24SD)) × 2 supplementation conditions (melatonin and placebo)]. Ten trained male collegiate student-athletes (mean ± SD; age: 20 ± 2 y) attended the laboratory on six occasions with 72 h between successive visits. Placebo or 6 mg of melatonin were administered orally in capsules 30 min before the tests of: static and dynamic balance, reaction time, and anaerobic power. Also, blood lactate was measured before and 3 min after the anaerobic power exercise. During the placebo session, the results indicated that 4SD and 24SD had negative effect on the measured parameters, with higher impacts of the 24SD condition. Compared to placebo and during both 4SD and 24SD conditions, melatonin had a positive effect on static and dynamic balance, anaerobic power, blood lactic acid, and reaction time (p < .05). However, 6 mg melatonin ingestion had no significant effect on all dependent variables in collegiate student-athletes after the night without a sleep deprivation (p > .05). In conclusion, 6 mg of melatonin may be used by student-athletes to improve balance and psychomotor and physical performances after 4 h or 24 h of sleep deprivation.
... 22 Conversely, it was also shown that 1 night with 4.5 hours of sleep resulted in a 3.0% to 11.9% decrease in mean and peak power during the Wingate cycling test in both soccer players and judokas. 23,24 The different findings on the effect of acute SR between sport-specific and athletic performance could be attributed to the fact that SR is more likely to affect the performance of sports including higher cognitive and mental tasks (eg, a tennis serve or a dart performance) rather than sports involving gross-motor execution (eg, repeated sprints). ...
Purpose:
Little is known about the effect of sleep restriction (SR) on different domains of athletes' physical performance. Therefore, the aim of this randomized, counterbalanced, and crossover study was to evaluate the effect of acute SR on sport-specific technical and athletic performance in male junior tennis players.
Methods:
Tennis players (N = 12; age 15.4 ± 2.6 y) were randomly allocated to either a sleep-restriction condition (SR, n = 6), where they experienced acute sleep restriction the night before the test session (≤5 h of sleep), or to a control condition (CON, n = 6), where they followed their habitual sleep-wake routines. Testing procedures included 20 left and right serves, 15 forehand and backhand crosscourt shots, and a repeated-sprint-ability test (RSA). The accuracy of serves and shots was considered for further analysis. One week later, players of SR joined CON, and players of CON experienced SR, and all test procedures were repeated.
Results:
Significant decrease in the accuracy of right (-17.5%, P = .010, effect size [ES] = 1.0, moderate) and left serve (-14.1%, P = .014, ES = 1.2, large), crosscourt backhand (-23.9%, P = .003, ES ≥ 2.0, very large), and forehand shot (-15.6%, P = .014, ES = 1.1, moderate) were observed in SR compared to CON, while RSA was similar in both conditions.
Conclusion:
Coaches and athletes at the team and individual level should be aware that 1 night of SR affects sport-specific but not athletic performance in tennis players.
... Sleep restriction significantly impairs performance in attention-based tasks (Linde et al. 1999) and would, therefore, be likely to limit the attentional resources available for postural control (Aguiar and Barela 2015;Furtado et al. 2016). Additionally, several studies have shown that the effects of sleep restriction deleteriously affect postural control (Robillard et al. 2011) via its disturbance of various sensory and motor systems involved in maintaining standing posture, including psychomotor speed (HajSalem et al. 2013;Jarraya et al. 2013) and physical performance (Souissi et al. 2008;Reilly and Waterhouse 2009). ...
The present study evaluates the effect of partial sleep restriction on postural control in judokas. Fourteen elite-level judokas performed three static postural control tests (the Unilateral Stance (US, on the Right and Left Foot); the modified Clinical Test for the Sensory Interaction on Balance (mCTSIB, on a firm and an unstable surface) stance with the eyes opened and then closed, and the Weight-Bearing Squat test (WBS)) after (i) a reference-normal-sleep-night (RN) and (ii) 4-h of partial sleep restriction at the end (SREN) (i.e., sleep from 22h30 to 03h00) or the beginning (SRBN) (i.e., sleep from 03:00h to 07:00h) of the night. Concerning US, sway velocity increased significantly after SRBN and SREN, in comparison with RN (p < 0.001) and was significantly higher in closed vs. open eyes during SRBN, SREN and RN (p < 0.001). For mCTSIB, sway velocity increased significantly during SBND and SRBN, compared to RN (p < 0.001) and was higher with eyes open than eyes closed in the foam surface during SRBN, SREN and RN (p < 0.0001). For WBS, there were no significant between conditions differences. In conclusion, partial sleep restriction of 4-h may negatively affect the postural control of judokas.
... Sleep restriction significantly impairs performance in attention-based tasks (Linde et al. 1999) and would, therefore, be likely to limit the attentional resources available for postural control (Aguiar and Barela 2015;Furtado et al. 2016). Additionally, several studies have shown that the effects of sleep restriction deleteriously affect postural control (Robillard et al. 2011) via its disturbance of various sensory and motor systems involved in maintaining standing posture, including psychomotor speed (HajSalem et al. 2013;Jarraya et al. 2013) and physical performance (Souissi et al. 2008;Reilly and Waterhouse 2009). ...
... Additionally, Zerguini et al. [18] suggested that poor sleep quality during Ramadan could be explained by the accommodation of late evening food intake. This reduction in sleep duration may impede physical performance as studies report that sleep reduction has negative impacts on cognitive [19,20] and physical [21,22] performance. As adequate sleep (quantity and quality) is important for maximizing cognitive and physical performance as well as physical recovery [23], recent studies suggest that the inclusion of a short nap during the daytime (i.e., between 13 h and 15 h) may help overcome these detrimental effects in performance. ...
Ramadan observance is characterized by several changes in behaviors, such as food and sleep, which could affect physical and cognitive performance. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of a 35-min nap (N35) opportunity on physical performance during the 5-m shuttle run test (5mSRT); attention; feelings; mood states; and perceptual measures of stress, fatigue, and muscle soreness during Ramadan observance. Fourteen physically active men (22 ± 3 years, 177 ± 4 cm, 76 ± 5 kg) were tested after a no-nap condition (N0), N35 15 days before Ramadan (BR), the last 10 days of Ramadan (DR), and 20 days after Ramadan (AR). Measures included the digit cancellation test (attention estimation), the profile of mood state (POMS), and the Hooper questionnaires. After a 5-min standard warm-up, participants performed the 5mSRT (6 × 30 s with 35 s in between; best distance (BD), total distance (TD), and fatigue index (FI) were recorded), along with the rating of perceived exertion (RPE) after each test repetition. After the 5mSRT test, participants responded to the feeling scale (FS). The results showed that TD and FI during the 5mSRT were not affected by Ramadan observance. However, BD was significantly lower than DR compared to AR after N0 (∆ = −4.3 ± 1.3%; p < 0.01) and N35 (∆ = −2.6 ± 1.0%; p < 0.05). After N0, attention decreased significantly at DR in comparison with BR (p < 0.05) and AR (p < 0.001). BD and TD improved after N35 compared to N0 at BR (∆ = +4.4 ± 2.1%, p < 0.05 for BD and ∆ = +4.8 ± 1.6%, p < 0.01 for TD), DR (∆ = +7.1 ± 2.2%, p < 0.05 for BD and ∆ = +5.1 ± 1.6%, p < 0.01 for TD), and AR (∆ = +5.5 ± 1.5%, p < 0.01 for BD and ∆ = +5.2 ± 1.2%, p < 0.001 for TD). A significant increase in attention was observed after N35 in comparison with N0 at DR (p < 0.01) and AR (p < 0.01). However, no changes were found for the perception of mood states, stress, sleep, muscle soreness, and the FI during the 5mSRT. Also, N35 was better than N0 for RPE at DR (p < 0.05), feelings at AR (p < 0.05), and fatigue estimation at AR (p < 0.01). A 35-min nap opportunity may have beneficial effects on physical and cognitive performances before, during, and after Ramadan.
