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RAxML Maximum Likelihood phylogenetic tree based on a combined partial LSU, SSU and TEF 1 gene datasets. Bootstrap values from maximum likelihood (ML, left) more than 70% are given above the nodes. Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP, right) of more than 0.90 are given above the nodes. The tree is rooted to Dendryphiopsis atra AFTOL-ID 273. All new isolates are in blue.
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The family Anteagloniaceae comprises the genera, Anteaglonium and Flammeascoma. The family shares similar characters with taxa in the Hysteriales, but groups in the Pleosporales. No asexual morph is known in this family. In the present study we introduce a new species Anteaglonium thailandicum, re-examine A. parvulum and document its asexual morph....
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... The search strategy was set to rapid bootstrapping and the analysis carried out using the GTRGAMMAI model of nucleotide substitution. The number of replicates was inferred using the stopping criterion (Pattengale et al. 2009). Maximum Likelihood bootstrap values equal or greater than 70% are given as the first set of numbers above the nodes (Fig. ...
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... discarded, while the remaining trees were used for calculating posterior probabilities in the majority rule consensus tree (critical value for the topological convergence diagnostic set to 0.01) ( Zhaxybayeva and Gogarten 2002). Posterior probabilities (PP) values equal or greater than 0.90 are given as the second set of numbers above the nodes (Fig. 1). TABLE 1. Taxa used in the phylogenetic analysis and GenBank accession numbers (LSU, SSU and TEF 1 sequence data) and species. The newly generated sequences are indicated in ...
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... combined LSU, SSU and TEF 1 dataset comprising 53 strains of species from the family Anteagloniaceae and families close to Anteagloniaceae, were used to determine the generic placement of our four isolates of A. parvulum and an isolate of A. thailandicum. ). Therefore, the genes were combined and the best scoring ML tree is presented in Fig. 1 Etymology:-With reference to country where the specimen was found. to globose, rounded at both ends, aseptate, smooth walled (Fig. ...
Citations
... ex M.E. Barr (Mugambi & Huhndorf 2009, Hyde et al. 2013, Jayasiri et al. 2016, Hongsanan et al. 2020, Wijayawardene et al. 2022. Currently, there are ten known Anteaglonium species: A. abbreviatum (Mugambi & Huhndorf 2009) (Tan & Shivas 2023), A. rubescens Jaklitsch & Voglmayr (Jaklitsch et al. 2018), and A. thailandicum Jayasiri & K.D. Hyde (Jayasiri et al. 2016). ...
... Barr (Mugambi & Huhndorf 2009, Hyde et al. 2013, Jayasiri et al. 2016, Hongsanan et al. 2020, Wijayawardene et al. 2022. Currently, there are ten known Anteaglonium species: A. abbreviatum (Mugambi & Huhndorf 2009) (Tan & Shivas 2023), A. rubescens Jaklitsch & Voglmayr (Jaklitsch et al. 2018), and A. thailandicum Jayasiri & K.D. Hyde (Jayasiri et al. 2016). Most Anteaglonium species are mainly known from their sexual morphs, which are characterized by having hysterothecial, erumpent to superficial, solitary or in small to large clusters, globose to subglobose or elongate, fusiform to oblong, carbonaceous, brown to shiny black ascomata, cylindrical, short pedicellate, 8-spored asci, and uniseriate or biseriate, fusiform to oblong, septate, constricted at the primary septum, hyaline or pigmented ascospores (Mugambi & Huhndorf 2009, Hyde et al. 2013, Hongsanan et al. 2020. ...
... Most Anteaglonium species are mainly known from their sexual morphs, which are characterized by having hysterothecial, erumpent to superficial, solitary or in small to large clusters, globose to subglobose or elongate, fusiform to oblong, carbonaceous, brown to shiny black ascomata, cylindrical, short pedicellate, 8-spored asci, and uniseriate or biseriate, fusiform to oblong, septate, constricted at the primary septum, hyaline or pigmented ascospores (Mugambi & Huhndorf 2009, Hyde et al. 2013, Hongsanan et al. 2020. The asexual morph of this genus is characterized by having pycnidial, subglobose to globose, superficial to subperidermal, uniloculate or multi-loculate conidiomata, cylindrical, 76 • Phytotaxa 629 (1) © 2023 Magnolia Press formed from the innermost layer of wall cells, unbranched conidiophores, phialidic, globose, with a rounded tip, smooth conidiogenous cells, and oblong to ellipsoidal or oval, rounded ends, aseptate, smooth-walled conidia (Jayasiri et al. 2016, Hyde et al. 2020, Hongsanan et al. 2020. Anteaglonium is commonly found on the wood, bark, and shrubs of various trees and has a cosmopolitan distribution (Mugambi & Huhndorf 2009, Almeida et al. 2014, Jayasiri et al. 2016, 2019, Jaklitsch et al. 2018, Tan et al. 2022). ...
A new species of rock-inhabiting fungi, described herein as Anteaglonium saxicola, was isolated from rock samples collected from natural forests in Lamphun Province, Thailand. This species was introduced based on morphological characteristics and multi-gene phylogenetic analyses. Multi-gene phylogenetic analyses based on a combination of the 28S large subunit (nrLSU), 18S small subunit (nrSSU), and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of the nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA) along with the translation elongation factor (tef1-α) genes revealed that A. saxicola belongs to the clade of the genus Anteaglonium and is clearly distinct from other known Anteaglonium species. This paper provides a description, illustrations, and phylogenetic position of this novel species.
... The genus was subsequently placed in a new family, the Anteagloniaceae by Hyde et al. (2013). Anteaglonium lusitanicum has the typical characters of the genus, but differs well from the other species of the genus; the most morphologically dissimilar are A. latirostrum and A. brasiliense which have erumpent and irregular hysterothecia, with very fusoid and much larger ascospores (Mugambi & Huhndorf 2009, Carneiro de Almeida et al. 2014; also A. gordoniae, recently described (Jayasiri et al. 2019), has fusoid ascospores with several septa, being larger (20 -22 × 1.5 -3 μm) than A. lusitanicum; A. rubescens differs from all other species in the genus by brown didymospores, which disarticulate within asci, and by the production of a redorange to pink pigment (Jaklitsch et al. 2018); more similar to our species is A. thailandicum, but it differs by having smaller spores (6.4-7.8 × 2.4-3.1 μm), shorter asci, aseptate pseudoparaphyses, on a black thin crust, without KOH extractable pigments (Jayasiri et al. 2016); A. subglobosum has shorter subglobose ascomata, covered with tomentum and with reddish wall, smaller spores (6 -7 × 2 -3 μm) (Mugambi & Huhndorf 2009); A. parvulum is different in that the hysterothecae are partly sunken into the substrate, with acuminate apices, without crust or dark subiculum, without KOH-extractable pigments and with smaller spores (5.2 -8 × 2 -3.2 μm) (Jayasiri et al. 2016); with a similar morphology to A. lusitanicum, A. abbreviatum, differs by its larger, sometimes erumpent hysterothecae, thicker peridium, with a disordered arrangement on the substrate, shorter asci and smaller spores (6.4 -7.2 × 2.4 -3.2) (Álvarez et al. 2016). ...
... The genus was subsequently placed in a new family, the Anteagloniaceae by Hyde et al. (2013). Anteaglonium lusitanicum has the typical characters of the genus, but differs well from the other species of the genus; the most morphologically dissimilar are A. latirostrum and A. brasiliense which have erumpent and irregular hysterothecia, with very fusoid and much larger ascospores (Mugambi & Huhndorf 2009, Carneiro de Almeida et al. 2014; also A. gordoniae, recently described (Jayasiri et al. 2019), has fusoid ascospores with several septa, being larger (20 -22 × 1.5 -3 μm) than A. lusitanicum; A. rubescens differs from all other species in the genus by brown didymospores, which disarticulate within asci, and by the production of a redorange to pink pigment (Jaklitsch et al. 2018); more similar to our species is A. thailandicum, but it differs by having smaller spores (6.4-7.8 × 2.4-3.1 μm), shorter asci, aseptate pseudoparaphyses, on a black thin crust, without KOH extractable pigments (Jayasiri et al. 2016); A. subglobosum has shorter subglobose ascomata, covered with tomentum and with reddish wall, smaller spores (6 -7 × 2 -3 μm) (Mugambi & Huhndorf 2009); A. parvulum is different in that the hysterothecae are partly sunken into the substrate, with acuminate apices, without crust or dark subiculum, without KOH-extractable pigments and with smaller spores (5.2 -8 × 2 -3.2 μm) (Jayasiri et al. 2016); with a similar morphology to A. lusitanicum, A. abbreviatum, differs by its larger, sometimes erumpent hysterothecae, thicker peridium, with a disordered arrangement on the substrate, shorter asci and smaller spores (6.4 -7.2 × 2.4 -3.2) (Álvarez et al. 2016). ...
Anteaglonium lusitanicum A. Mateos, S. De la Peña-Lastra & M. Serrano, sp. nov. on decaying wood of Prunus lusitanica subsp. lusitanica
... The genus was subsequently placed in a new family, the Anteagloniaceae by Hyde et al. (2013). Anteaglonium lusitanicum has the typical characters of the genus, but differs well from the other species of the genus; the most morphologically dissimilar are A. latirostrum and A. brasiliense which have erumpent and irregular hysterothecia, with very fusoid and much larger ascospores (Mugambi & Huhndorf 2009, Carneiro de Almeida et al. 2014; also A. gordoniae, recently described (Jayasiri et al. 2019), has fusoid ascospores with several septa, being larger (20 -22 × 1.5 -3 μm) than A. lusitanicum; A. rubescens differs from all other species in the genus by brown didymospores, which disarticulate within asci, and by the production of a redorange to pink pigment (Jaklitsch et al. 2018); more similar to our species is A. thailandicum, but it differs by having smaller spores (6.4-7.8 × 2.4-3.1 μm), shorter asci, aseptate pseudoparaphyses, on a black thin crust, without KOH extractable pigments (Jayasiri et al. 2016); A. subglobosum has shorter subglobose ascomata, covered with tomentum and with reddish wall, smaller spores (6 -7 × 2 -3 μm) (Mugambi & Huhndorf 2009); A. parvulum is different in that the hysterothecae are partly sunken into the substrate, with acuminate apices, without crust or dark subiculum, without KOH-extractable pigments and with smaller spores (5.2 -8 × 2 -3.2 μm) (Jayasiri et al. 2016); with a similar morphology to A. lusitanicum, A. abbreviatum, differs by its larger, sometimes erumpent hysterothecae, thicker peridium, with a disordered arrangement on the substrate, shorter asci and smaller spores (6.4 -7.2 × 2.4 -3.2) (Álvarez et al. 2016). ...
... The genus was subsequently placed in a new family, the Anteagloniaceae by Hyde et al. (2013). Anteaglonium lusitanicum has the typical characters of the genus, but differs well from the other species of the genus; the most morphologically dissimilar are A. latirostrum and A. brasiliense which have erumpent and irregular hysterothecia, with very fusoid and much larger ascospores (Mugambi & Huhndorf 2009, Carneiro de Almeida et al. 2014; also A. gordoniae, recently described (Jayasiri et al. 2019), has fusoid ascospores with several septa, being larger (20 -22 × 1.5 -3 μm) than A. lusitanicum; A. rubescens differs from all other species in the genus by brown didymospores, which disarticulate within asci, and by the production of a redorange to pink pigment (Jaklitsch et al. 2018); more similar to our species is A. thailandicum, but it differs by having smaller spores (6.4-7.8 × 2.4-3.1 μm), shorter asci, aseptate pseudoparaphyses, on a black thin crust, without KOH extractable pigments (Jayasiri et al. 2016); A. subglobosum has shorter subglobose ascomata, covered with tomentum and with reddish wall, smaller spores (6 -7 × 2 -3 μm) (Mugambi & Huhndorf 2009); A. parvulum is different in that the hysterothecae are partly sunken into the substrate, with acuminate apices, without crust or dark subiculum, without KOH-extractable pigments and with smaller spores (5.2 -8 × 2 -3.2 μm) (Jayasiri et al. 2016); with a similar morphology to A. lusitanicum, A. abbreviatum, differs by its larger, sometimes erumpent hysterothecae, thicker peridium, with a disordered arrangement on the substrate, shorter asci and smaller spores (6.4 -7.2 × 2.4 -3.2) (Álvarez et al. 2016). ...
Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Argentina , Colletotrichum araujiae on leaves, stems and fruits of Araujia hortorum . Australia , Agaricus pateritonsus on soil, Curvularia fraserae on dying leaf of Bothriochloa insculpta , Curvularia millisiae from yellowing leaf tips of Cyperus aromaticus , Marasmius brunneolorobustus on well-rotted wood, Nigrospora cooperae from necrotic leaf of Heteropogon contortus , Penicillium tealii from the body of a dead spider, Pseudocercospora robertsiorum from leaf spots of Senna tora , Talaromyces atkinsoniae from gills of Marasmius crinis-equi and Zasmidium pearceae from leaf spots of Smilax glyciphylla . Brazil , Preussia bezerrensis from air. Chile , Paraconiothyrium kelleni from the rhizosphere of Fragaria chiloensis subsp. chiloensis f. chiloensis . Finland , Inocybe udicola on soil in mixed forest with Betula pendula , Populus tremula , Picea abies and Alnus incana . France , Myrmecridium normannianum on dead culm of unidentified Poaceae . Germany , Vexillomyces fraxinicola from symptomless stem wood of Fraxinus excelsior . India , Diaporthe limoniae on infected fruit of Limonia acidissima , Didymella naikii on leaves of Cajanus cajan , and Fulvifomes mangroviensis on basal trunk of Aegiceras corniculatum . Indonesia , Penicillium ezekielii from Zea mays kernels. Namibia , Neocamarosporium calicoremae and Neocladosporium calicoremae on stems of Calicorema capitata , and Pleiochaeta adenolobi on symptomatic leaves of Adenolobus pechuelii . Netherlands , Chalara pteridii on stems of Pteridium aquilinum , Neomackenziella juncicola (incl. Neomackenziella gen. nov.) and Sporidesmiella junci from dead culms of Juncus effusus . Pakistan , Inocybe longistipitata on soil in a Quercus forest. Poland , Phytophthora viadrina from rhizosphere soil of Quercus robur , and Septoria krystynae on leaf spots of Viscum album . Portugal (Azores) , Acrogenospora stellata on dead wood or bark. South Africa , Phyllactinia greyiae on leaves of Greyia sutherlandii and Punctelia anae on bark of Vachellia karroo . Spain , Anteaglonium lusitanicum on decaying wood of Prunus lusitanica subsp. lusitanica , Hawksworthiomyces riparius from fluvial sediments, Lophiostoma carabassense endophytic in roots of Limbarda crithmoides , and Tuber mohedanoi from calcareus soils. Spain (Canary Islands) , Mycena laurisilvae on stumps and woody debris. Sweden , Elaphomyces geminus from soil under Quercus robur . Thailand , Lactifluus chiangraiensis on soil under Pinus merkusii , Lactifluus nakhonphanomensis and Xerocomus sisongkhramensis on soil under Dipterocarpus trees. Ukraine , Valsonectria robiniae on dead twigs of Robinia hispida . USA , Spiralomyces americanus (incl. Spiralomyces gen. nov.) from office air. Morphological and culture characteristics are supported by DNA barcodes.
... can be found on the bark or rock [66]. The species from the rare genus Anteaglonium are associated with decorticated wood [67,68]. Pithya aff. ...
Endolichenic fungi (ELF) are emerging novel bioresources because their diverse secondary metabolites have a wide range of biological activities. Metagenomic analysis of lichen thalli demonstrated that the conventional isolation method of ELF covers a very limited range of ELF, and the development of an advanced isolation method is needed. The influence of four variables were investigated in this study to determine the suitable conditions for the isolation of more diverse ELF from a radially growing foliose lichen, Parmotrema tinctorum. Four variables were tested: age of the thallus, severity of surface-sterilization of the thallus, size of a thallus fragment for the inoculation, and nutrient requirement. In total, 104 species (1885 strains) of ELF were isolated from the five individual thalli of P. tinctorum collected at five different places. Most of the ELF isolates belong to Sordariomycetes. Because each part of lichen thallus (of different age) has unique ELF species, the whole thallus of the foliose lichen is needed to isolate diverse ELF. Moderate sterilization is appropriate for the isolation of diverse ELF. Inoculation of small fragment (1 mm2) of lichen thallus resulted in the isolation of highest diversity of ELF species compared to larger fragments (100 and 25 mm2). Moreover, ELF species isolated from the small thallus fragments covered all ELF taxa detected from the medium and the large fragments in this study. The use of two media—Bold’s basal medium (nutrient poor) and potato dextrose agar (nutrient rich)—supported the isolation of diverse ELF. Among the tested variables, size of thallus fragment more significantly influenced the isolation of diverse ELF than other three factors. Species composition and richness of ELF communities from different lichen thalli differed from each other in this study.
... Mugambi & Huhndorf (2009) introduced Anteaglonium for hysterothecial taxa with hyaline 2-celled ascospores to accommodate A. abbreviatum, A. globosum, A. latirostrum, A. parvulum within Pleosporales and outside of the order Hysteriales, with A. abbreviatum as the type species. Subsequent studies have introduced A. brasiliense, A. gordoniae, A. rubescens, A. thailandicum (Almeida et al. 2014, Jayasiri et al. 2016, Jaklitsch et al. 2018b. Liu et al. (2015) introduced Flammeascoma as a monotypic genus in Anteagloniaceae with F. bambusae as the type species, and added F. lignicola as the second taxon. ...
... The asexual morphs of this family not have been reported from the natural environment, only observed in-vitro on fungal colonies of A. rubescens and A. thailandicum. These are featured with globose conidiomata with slightly papillate central ostioles, short, simple cylindrical conidiophores with roundish basal cells and subglobose to globose or ellipsoid to oblong 1-celled or aseptate conidia with broadly rounded ends, hyaline to pink, with 1-2(3) guttules (Jayasiri et al. 2016, Jaklitsch et al. 2018b. The taxa of Anteagloniaceae have so far been reported from Brazil, Greece, Kenya, New Zealand, Thailand and USA as saprobic or endophytes on woody based substrates in aquatic and terrestrial habitats (Mugambi & Huhndorf 2009, Almeida et al. 2014, Jayasiri et al. 2016Jaklitsch et al. 2018b. ...
... These are featured with globose conidiomata with slightly papillate central ostioles, short, simple cylindrical conidiophores with roundish basal cells and subglobose to globose or ellipsoid to oblong 1-celled or aseptate conidia with broadly rounded ends, hyaline to pink, with 1-2(3) guttules (Jayasiri et al. 2016, Jaklitsch et al. 2018b. The taxa of Anteagloniaceae have so far been reported from Brazil, Greece, Kenya, New Zealand, Thailand and USA as saprobic or endophytes on woody based substrates in aquatic and terrestrial habitats (Mugambi & Huhndorf 2009, Almeida et al. 2014, Jayasiri et al. 2016Jaklitsch et al. 2018b. ...
The monotypic Neolophiotrema (typified by N. xiaokongense) is introduced for a wood-inhabiting taxon classified in Dothideomycetes. The genus is characterized by, coriaceous, immersed to semi-immersed ascomata, hamathecium with cellular pseudoparaphyses and overlapping 1–2-seriate, hyaline ascospores. Phylogenetic analysis of combined SSU, LSU, ITS, tef1-α and rpb2 sequence data supports the placement of Neolophiotrema in Anteagloniaceae (Pleosporales). A morphology-based synopsis key is provided to facilitate the identification of species of Anteagloniaceae. The classification and nature of species boundaries in Anteagloniaceae are discussed.
... Moreover, C. trifolii can produce various secondary metabolites in culture, among which, some exhibited excellent anti-inflammatory and antitumor activity [19,20]. Previously, the classification of L. chartarum and C. trifolii, as well as other species in the order Pleosporales, was determined based on their morphologies [19,21,22]. However, the morphological features of species in this order, including the formation of conidia on conidiophores, as well as the size, shape, color, etc., are easily influenced by environmental factors. ...
The symbiont endophytic fungi in tobacco are highly diverse and difficult to classify. Here, we sequenced the genomes of Curvularia trifolii and Leptosphaerulina chartarum isolated from tobacco plants. Finally, 41.68 Mb and 37.95 Mb nuclear genomes were sequenced for C. trifolii and L. chartarum with the scaffold N50, accounting for 638.94 Kb and 284.12 Kb, respectively. Meanwhile, we obtained 68,926 bp and 59,100 bp for their mitochondrial genomes. To more accurately classify C. trifolii and L. chartarum, we extracted seven nuclear genes and 12 mitochondrial genes from these two genomes and their closely related species. The genes were then used for calculation of evolutionary rates and for phylogenetic analysis. Results showed that it was difficult to achieve consistent results using a single gene due to their different evolutionary rates, while the phylogenetic trees obtained by combining datasets showed stable topologies. It is, therefore, more accurate to construct phylogenetic relationships for endophytic fungi based on multi-gene datasets. This study provides new insights into the distribution and characteristics of endophytic fungi in tobacco.
... However, molecular phylogenetic analyses placed Hysterodifractum in Hysteriales (Carneiro de Almeida et al. 2014). The sixth species of Anteaglonium, A. thailandicum, was added by Jayasiri et al. (2016). Here we describe a new species of Anteaglonium, which morphologically differs from other species in several respects. ...
... These tight associations suggest that A. rubescens may be fungicolous. Jayasiri et al. (2016) described pycnidial asexual morphs of two Anteaglonium spp. However, the definition of the conidiogenous cells remained unclear, as they give a size of 3-5 × 2-3 μm for both conidiogenous cells and conidia of both species, whereas their illustrations rather indicate lageniform to ampulliform conidiogenous cells similar to those observed by us. ...
2018): Two unusual new species of Pleosporales: Anteaglonium rubescens and Atro-calyx asturiensis.-Sydowia 70: 129-140. Two new species of Pleosporales, Anteaglonium rubescens (Anteagloniaceae) and Atrocalyx asturiensis (Lophiotremataceae), are described. Phylogenetic placement was determined by combined analyses of a DNA data matrix containing ITS, LSU, SSU, rpb2, and tef1. Anteaglonium rubescens is a stromatic fungus characterized by brown didymospores disarticulating within asci, and by the production of a red-orange to pink pigment produced in nature and in artificial culture. Atrocalyx asturiensis has massive ascomatal crests and brown phragmospores.
This study documents the morphology and phylogeny of ascomycetes collected from karst landscapes of Guizhou Province, China. Based on morphological characteristics in conjunction with DNA sequence data, 70 species are identified and distributed in two classes (Dothideomycetes and Sordariomycetes), 16 orders, 41 families and 60 genera. One order Planisphaeriales, four families Leptosphaerioidaceae, Neoleptosporellaceae, Planisphaeriaceae and Profundisphaeriaceae, ten genera Conicosphaeria, Karstiomyces, Leptosphaerioides, Neoceratosphaeria, Neodiaporthe, Neodictyospora, Planisphaeria, Profundisphaeria, Stellatus and Truncatascus, and 34 species (Amphisphaeria karsti, Anteaglonium hydei, Atractospora terrestris, Conicosphaeria vaginatispora, Corylicola hydei, Diaporthe cylindriformispora, Dictyosporium karsti, Hysterobrevium karsti, Karstiomyces guizhouensis, Leptosphaerioides guizhouensis, Lophiotrema karsti, Murispora hydei, Muyocopron karsti, Neoaquastroma guizhouense, Neoceratosphaeria karsti, Neodiaporthe reniformispora, Neodictyospora karsti, Neoheleiosa guizhouensis, Neoleptosporella fusiformispora, Neoophiobolus filiformisporum, Ophioceras guizhouensis, Ophiosphaerella karsti, Paraeutypella longiasca, Paraeutypella karsti, Patellaria guizhouensis, Planisphaeria karsti, Planisphaeria reniformispora, Poaceascoma herbaceum, Profundisphaeria fusiformispora, Pseudocoleophoma guizhouensis, Pseudopolyplosphaeria guizhouensis, Stellatus guizhouensis, Sulcatispora karsti and Truncatascus microsporus) are introduced as new to science. Moreover, 13 new geographical records for China are also reported, which are Acrocalymma medicaginis, Annulohypoxylon thailandicum, Astrosphaeriella bambusae, Diaporthe novem, Hypoxylon rubiginosum, Ophiosphaerella agrostidis, Ophiosphaerella chiangraiensis, Patellaria atrata, Polyplosphaeria fusca, Psiloglonium macrosporum, Sarimanas shirakamiense, Thyridaria broussonetiae and Tremateia chromolaenae. Additionally, the family Eriomycetaceae was resurrected as a non-lichenized family and accommodated within Monoblastiales. Detailed descriptions and illustrations of all these taxa are provided.
Seed fungal endophytes play a crucial role in assisting the overall health and success of their host plant; however, little is known about the factors that influence the diversity and composition of these endophytes, particularly with respect to how they change over time and within urban environments. Using culturing techniques, morphological analyses, and Sanger sequencing, we identified the culturable seed fungal endophytes of Banksia ericifolia at two urban and two natural sites in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. A total of 27 Operational Taxonomic Units were obtained from 1200 seeds. Older cones were found to contain, on average, more colonised endophytes than younger cones. Species richness was also significantly influenced by cone age, with older cones being more speciose. Between urban and natural sites, the overall community composition did not change, although species richness and diversity were greatest at urban sites. Understanding how these endophytes vary in time and space may help provide an insight into the transmission pathways used and the potential role they play within the development and survival of the seed. This knowledge may also be crucial for restoration purposes, especially regarding the need to consider endophyte viability in ex situ seed collection and storage in seed-banking practices.
Acrogenospora stellata De la Peña-Lastra, A. Mateos & Quijada, sp. nov. Fungal Planet 1436 – Persoonia 49, 2022: 261– 350
