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The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of teaching endodontics to undergraduate students at Riyadh Colleges. This study was undertaken by assessing the technical quality of root canal obturation and the presence of procedural errors in root canal treatment cases performed by the final year dental students in clinics. All of the root can...
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Objectives The aim of this study was to determine the technical quality of root canal fillings and the presence of iatrogenic errors in the cases treated by undergraduate dental students using radiographic images.
Materials and Methods This study included 480 root-filled teeth, which were evaluated using intraoral periapical radiographic images. T...
Nonsurgical root canal treatment is an inseparable and essential element of thorough dental health care. Any errors that occur through any phase of endodontic treatment can affect the success of treatment. Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate and assess dental Student’s knowledge, awareness, and practice regarding the endodontic mishap....
Introduction
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the radiographic quality of RCTs performed by undergraduate clinical students of Dental School of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences.
Methods and Materials
In this cross sectional study, records and periapical radiographs of 1200 root filled teeth were randomly selected from the records...
Background: The technical quality of root canal treatment (RCT) may impact on the outcome. The quality of education received during undergraduate school may be linked to the quality of treatment provided in general dental practice.
Objective: To compare the technical quality of RCT where rotary or manual step-back canal preparatory technique was em...
To evaluate the radiographic quality of endodontically treated cases performed by undergraduate dental students at Thumbay dental hospital, Gulf Medical University (GMU) from 2020 to 2022. The sample consisted of 510 randomly selected postoperative periapical radiographs from patient records at the Thumbay dental hospital Gulf Medical University (G...
Citations
... This observed discrepancies in the outcomes might be ascribed to the differences in educational methodologies. These discrepancies may be also attributable to the different assessment criteria employed in different studies, some of which only utilized two criteria (length and density) [30,35], the majority of which were carried out by clinical undergraduate students [31][32][33][34], and others that only examined one set of teeth [35,36]. Due to the complexity of the cases, this may have had an impact on the overall quality of the root canal filling. ...
Background
The educational process in the field of endodontics commences with preclinical exercises to enhance students’ proficiency in cleaning, shaping, and performing root canal fillings. Therefore, this study aimed to radiographically evaluate the technical quality of root canal fillings performed by preclinical students on extracted teeth at the College of Dentistry, University of Ha’il, Saudi Arabia.
Methods
A total of 788 extracted human teeth received root canal treatment by undergraduate students. The samples were then gathered and radiographically assessed using the three quality criteria of length, density, and taper. The category of root canal fillings was classified as either acceptable or unacceptable. The criteria for evaluating the acceptability of filling quality were defined based on the presence of adequate length, density, and taper. The effectiveness of root canal fillings was also evaluated in relation to the tooth type, sex, and treatment year. The agreement between the examiners was evaluated using Cohen’s kappa test, and the relationship between the research variables was determined using the chi-squared test. The significance threshold was set at 0. 05.
Results
The overall quality of root filling was determined to be satisfactory in 532 (67.5%) of 788 endodontically treated extracted teeth. The majority of the research sample (88.1%) had enough length, 89.6% had adequate density, and 86.4% had acceptable taper. The quality of anterior teeth was substantially better than that of posterior teeth (p < 0.001). Our findings showed that the quality of root canals was better in 2022 than it had been in earlier years (p = 0.001). The three RCT quality criteria differed significantly when compared between sexes (p = 0.002).
Conclusions
The quality of the root canal fillings completed by undergraduate students was rated as acceptable. The findings of the research suggest that the implementation of routine assessments to evaluate the technical competence of undergraduate dental students performing root canal treatments could provide significant insights into the efficacy of the curriculum requirements.
... Before, during, and after RCT, using periapical radiographs is crucial for the detection of periapical lesions, canal/s anatomy and dimensions, the quality of obturation, and records [2,3]. An appropriate RCT is characterized by a ity of RCT with respect to tooth type and location [1,14,16,22,26,33,34,36,37,40], extracting the frequency of technical errors [17,18,23,[27][28][29][30]41], identifying the academic grade of students who perform the treatment [24,35,38,39], and exploring the complications happening as a result of errors [20]. Although the studies showed significant variation in their outcomes, the overall quality of RCT performed by undergraduates was significantly high when comparing inadequate RCT (61.4% SD ± 20.2 and 38.6% SD ± 20.3, respectively). ...
... The deficiency in the length of RCT was the highest error that happens during RCT as reported by some of the studies [16,18,21,30,34,39]. On the other hand, lack of density was reported as the highest error in other studies [26,27,29,[31][32][33]36]. Leaving canals without filling was reported as the least common error [18], proceeded by broken instrument/s [23]. ...
... These results were very close to studies that showed the adequacy of RCT performed by undergraduate students as ranging between 50% and 55% [14][15][16]29,37]. However, the results were contrary to other works that showed that RCT by undergraduates was adequate in more than 70% of cases [18,[21][22][23], and those who reported that less than 30% were adequate [27,38]. This conflict can be explained by the variation in the criteria of evaluation, educational system, methodology, students' hand skills, and sampling size calculation. ...
This study aimed to assess the errors that happened during root canal treatment (RCT) and compare the quality of root canal fillings (RCFs) performed by different academic grades of dental students at Jouf University. Materials and Methods: a retrospective audit study was conducted to check the errors that occurred during RCT performed by seniors and undergraduates. The quality of the RCFs were evaluated, using digital periapical radiographs depending on previously validated criteria. Data analyses were performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. Descriptive statistics were used for expressing the frequencies of variables and the Chi-square test was used for comparing different variables with a 0.05 level of significance. Results: overall, 332 endodontically treated teeth (566 root canals) were finally chosen for the study. Out of these treated cases, 156 teeth (47%) had a total of 287 recorded errors, mainly in posterior teeth. From the total number of errors, short obturation was the highest error occurred (29%), followed by lack of apical seal (25.1%). Root perforation was the least reported error (2.8%), proceeded by broken instruments (5.6%). A total of 13.2% of the errors were teeth left with unfilled canals, while 7.7% were for an overextended filling. There were no significant differences between the quality of RCF performed by different academic grades. Conclusion: depending on the current study, the quality of RCTs performed by seniors and undergraduate students was 53% acceptable. A clear plan should be applied to improve the quality of treatment outcomes of undergraduate students by implementing more effective preclinical training courses, increasing the ration of supervisor-to-students, and using more advanced modalities during treatment.
... Throughout these extra sessions, the root canal filling quality differed from one student to another. Several studies have assessed the technical quality of endodontic treatment performed by undergraduates throughout the whole academic year [6][7][8][9][10]. This study aimed to evaluate the technical quality of root canal treatment performed by fifth-year underperforming students at KAU, specifically in the extra sessionspermitted before final written exam of the 2018-2019 academic year. ...
... In the current study, the acceptable length was recorded in 80% of root canals. This percentage is higher than that obtained in previous studies [6,9,12]. It may be attributed to the use of an electronic apex locator and confirmatory digital radiographs for working length determination. ...
... Riberio 2018 [10] suggested that poor filling density is the major cause of unacceptable root filling. The non homogeneous, less dense filling performed by undergraduates may be due to their inexperience with inadequate penetration of spreader, insufficient force and improper root canal tapering [6,9]. However, there was no significant difference in the condition of root canal taper and filling density. ...
Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the technical quality of root canal treatment performed by fifth-year underperforming students, in the extra sessions of the 2018–2019 academic year. Methods: Periapical radiographs of teeth endodontically treated by underperforming undergraduate students at King Abdulaziz University Faculty of Dentistry, were collected. The quality of obturation was evaluated radiographically in relation to the length of obturation to root apex, homogeneity and density of obturation, root canal tapering, and incidence of mishaps (such as perforation, ledge, missed canal, separated instruments). The data were subjected to descriptive analysis. Results: The periapical radiographs of 70 treated teeth showed acceptable length, filling density and root canal taper in 96 (80%),50 (41.7%) and 66 (55%) root canals, respectively. Only four teeth were subjected to mishaps. Conclusion: Under the circumstances of this study, the quality of endodontic treatment performed by underperforming students at the extra session was low. More studies are needed to address the student underperformance source and hence amend the quality of root canal filling.
... 2,20,21 The results of the current audit also showed a higher frequency of acceptable obturations in maxillary teeth than in the mandibular teeth. This finding is consistent with the audit reports of Elsayed et al., AbuMostafa et al. and Elemam et al. 7,22,23 A possible explanation could be the inclusion of a greater number of maxillary teeth in the sample. While maxillary teeth are generally more challenging to treat due to vision constraints, the most frequently evaluated tooth was the central incisor, which could explain why obturation quality remained acceptable despite this challenge. ...
Objectives
To evaluate the technical quality of root canal obturations performed by undergraduate students.
Methods
The records of 347 patients who underwent endodontic treatment by undergraduate students of Qassim University between 2018 and 2020 were assessed using standardised criteria based on obturation length, density and taper. All teeth that received primary endodontic treatment and had post-obturation periapical radiographs depicting the entire radicular length and the 2–3-mm periradicular area were included in the study.
Results
A total of 653 canals of 397 teeth were evaluated. The maxillary central incisor was the most commonly assessed tooth (15.1%). Overall, 80.2% of the evaluated canals were deemed acceptable based on all three assessment criteria. Maxillary teeth had better, statistically significant obturation quality than mandibular teeth. The mesio-lingual canal had the lowest quality in all three criteria.
Conclusions
The technical quality of root canal obturations performed by undergraduate students in Qassim University was acceptable in the majority of the evaluated cases. Among the evaluated parameters of obturation quality, length control was the most frequently observed deficiency. Additional measures are therefore required to improve the quality of the obturation length.
... Many of other similar studies found that the quality of RCTs performed by undergraduate dental students are poor and improvement in both pre-clinical and clinical endodontic training had become a concern (11-14). A study from Saudi dental college showed that the overall acceptable quality of the evaluated root canals was 36% in relation to the length, density and taper of the root canal obturation (14). Another similar study that was done at the University of the West Indies, Jamaica found only 10.9% acceptable root canal obturation out of 460 root canals examined (12). ...
... Variation of mandibular molars especially mandibular first molars were reported with three to four canals in different population (20,21). 20% of mandibular molars was reported to have three mesial canals (14). Furthermore, in a small proportion of second mandibular molar teeth especially in Asian population, the root canals may be fused resulting in one c-shaped canal in cross section (20). ...
Introduction: Assessment of root canal treatment (RCT) quality performed by undergraduate students is important in evaluating the teaching of endodontic. Hence, this study aims to evaluate the obturation quality of root canal treated teeth and the number of visits required by patients to complete RCT rendered by undergraduate students in School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM). Methods: All RCT cases performed by fourth year and final year undergraduate dental students in 2017/2018 were included in this study with a total of 258 teeth. Both digital and conventional periapical radiographs of all treated teeth were assessed. Evaluation of the obturation quality was classified as acceptable and unacceptable based on the length in relation to the radiographic apex and density of the obturation in relation to the presence of voids. The number of visits required to complete each RCT case by the students were also assessed. Results: Out of the total 258 teeth, 63.6% were maxillary and 36.4% were mandibular comprising 53.5% anteriors, 14.7% premolars and 31.8% molars. Overall acceptable obturation quality was 71.3%. There was significant association between obturation quality and type of teeth as well as location of teeth. Conclusion: Students in this institution performed significantly better obturation quality on anterior teeth than on premolars and molars as well as on maxillary teeth as compared to the mandibular teeth. Patients seemed to require more visits for RCT of molars than anteriors and premolars.
... The overall quality of the evaluate teeth fulfilled the three criteria was only 3.6% which is much lower than other previous studies [8,11,14,18,20,26,27]. These differences in the results might due to the variation in the evaluation criteria where some studies used only two criteria (length and density) [26,[28][29][30][31], most were conducted among clinical undergraduate students [8,18,20,[32][33][34][35], and others evaluated only one group of teeth [3,12,36,37]. The curriculum of Endodontology in our dental school is given in two academic years (4 semesters). ...
... Although with no significant difference, the quality of length in the mandible was higher than that in the maxilla. This result is similar to that reported by Moradi & Gharechahi [28] while, it contradicts the results reported by Elsayed et al. [41], AbuMostafa et al. [34], and Elemam et al. [18], who reported higher quality in the maxilla with significant difference. These variations might due to the difference in the evaluation criteria, teaching methods, and/or type of the study sample (clinical vs. preclinical). ...
... The frequency of inadequate density of the treated teeth was much lower than adequate quality. This result is comparable to that reported by AbuMostafa et al. [34] but, contradicts many of previous studies. However, when this result related to tooth type, Er et al. [8], Saatchi et al. [31], and AlRahabi et al. [11] reported inadequate density of maxillary and mandibular molars higher than that of premolars and anterior teeth which is similar to our results with difference in proportions. ...
Background:
Dental students are future dentists. Continuous assessment and improving of the educational curricula will ensure excellent academic performance of dental students and thus providing the community with the best treatment modalities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the root canal filling quality performed in extracted teeth by preclinical undergraduate Yemeni dental students.
Methods:
Root canal treatment was performed by undergraduate preclinical dental students on 331 extracted human teeth including 741 roots. The teeth were then collected and evaluated radiographically based on three criteria of quality (length, density, and taper). Cohen's Kappa test was used to assess the agreement between the examiners and Chi-squared test was used for the association between the study variables. The level of significant was set at α < 0.05.
Results:
The results of the study revealed that the overall quality of roots canals fillings was poor. However, more than half of the study sample (53.4%) had adequate length, 13.1% had adequate density, and 14.2% had adequate taper. Anterior as well as single-rooted teeth had significantly better quality than posterior and multi-rooted teeth, respectively. The root canal fillings quality mandibular teeth was better than of maxillary teeth with no significant difference (P > 0.05).
Conclusion:
The findings of the study emphasize the need of improving the endodontic course in the preclinical level and more advanced techniques and instruments should be incorporated.
... The quality of RCTs has been performed by graduate students were examined. An acceptable quality of RCTs has been reported in Jazan, Qassim, Riyadh Elm, and Madinah [11][12][13][14] cities, but an unacceptable quality of RCTs has been obtained in KSU 15 and Al Farabi [16][17] in Riyadh City. The quality of RCTs is also adequate in other cities and countries, such as Sharjah in UAE, Malaysia, Palestine, India, Jordan, and Libya [18][19][20][21][22][23] . ...
... The qualities of RCOs were assessed on the basis of length, density, and tapers of RCFs (Table 3) 8,13,15,22,27 . Each original periapical digital image was manipulated by the investigator to enhance the contrast and brightness of the image until the subjectively clearest image of the quality of RCT and surrounding periapical structures was obtained. ...
... Overall, the RCF canals with an acceptable quality in this study were 63%, which was similar to other results obtained by graduate students in Qassim (69%) and Madinah (68.9%) 12,14 but was higher than those from Dar Alalem (36.6%), Al Farabi (32.6%), and KSU (23%) in Riyadh City 13,17,15 . In terms of the percentages of acceptable cases in foreign studies, our findings were similar to those in Sharjah, UAE (78%) and Turkey (79%) 18, 30 but were higher than those in Malaysia (61.35%), ...
This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted to radiographically evaluate the quality of root canal treatment (RCT) performed by practitioners with different levels of experience at the Arar Dental Center, North Region, Saudi Arabia. A total of 170 periapical radiographs of root canal fillings (RCFs) were used to assess the technical quality of 376 root canal performed by the practitioners at Arar Dental Center. The length of each RCF was categorized as acceptable, overfilled, and underfilled on the basis of their relationship to the radiographic apex and surrounding structures. The density and taper of the fillings were evaluated on the basis of the presence of voids and the uniform tapering of the fillings, respectively. Root canal obturation (RCOs) was compared between practitioners. Chi-square analysis was then conducted to determine significant differences between RCF length, density and tapering in different areas of dental arches, different canal positions, and different levels of practitioner experience. Of the total number of canals, 202 (53.7%) were found in males, and 219 (58.2%) were in the maxillary arch. A total of (267; 71%) of the RCFs were located in the posterior reign. All of the parameters of the RCFs significantly differed among various areas of dental arches, canal locations, and practitioners with different levels of experience (P < 0.001) except the RCO density between different arches (P = 0.137). The technical quality of RCFs performed at the Arar Dental Center was acceptable in 63% of all cases. The length of RCFs was acceptable in the majority of cases performed by consultants and specialists, but this parameter was acceptable only in 46.4% cases carried out by general dental practitioners (GDPs). The underfilling rates reported by GDPs (43.6%) were higher than those presented by consultants (13%) and specialists (18.8%). Almost all of the cases were acceptable in terms of density and tapering among all of the practitioners. The poor density and tapering qualities of RCFs were respectively found in 24.2% and 22.3% of the cases performed by GDPs. Evaluating the quality of RCTs delivered by practitioners in any dental service center offers vital information for health service authorities. This evaluation helps improve the trend in RCT services provided by endodontists with the aid of additional new endodontic equipment and materials. This study provides insights into relevant services in terms of the standards of care in endodontic treatment.
... Regarding condensation and density of the remaining GPs, 11.7% of included cases exhibited poor density, which was in contrast with findings of studies by Smadi et al, 9 Abraham and Abdullah, 13 AbuMostafa et al, 24 Chakravarthy and Moorthy, 25 and Balto et al. 26 Warm vertical condensation was used in our school during RCT; this method shows greater advantages over cold lateral condensations. ...
Aim: Post and core procedures are important clinical methods in routine dental practice. The present research aimed to radiographically assess the quality of post seating performed by undergraduate students at the College of Dentistry, Jazan University. Materials and methods: A total of 343 periapical X-rays of cemented posts (170 from males and 173 from females) were assessed. The assessment covered tooth type, arch, gender, type of post, length of post in relation to the crown and root lengths, the presence of any abnormality in post space, status of the remaining gutta-percha (GP), and the presence or absence of spaces between the end of post and GP. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) program (version 21), and associations between variables were determined using chi-squared or Fisher's exact tests. Results: Maxillary teeth were the most frequently restored with posts, and the majority (41%) comprised incisors. Similarly, glass fiber post (69%) and taper-shaped posts (86%) were the most used posts. The majority of posts (81.6%) featured a width one-thirds that of the root. Lengths of posts were twice (58%) or equal to (51%) crown and root length respectively. More than 55% of cases presented 3 to 5 mm of GP at their apical portion, and 29% reached more than 5 mm. Approximately 5 to 8% of assessed cases revealed widening of periodontal ligaments, presence of periapical pathologies, and deviation of posts from the canal wall. Most cases (75%) showed the absence of space between GP and the post end. Conclusion: Qualities of assessed post and core restorations conducted by the 6th year dental students were clinically acceptable. Clinical significance: Periodic evaluation to determine the quality of delivered treatments is a vital cue for health service authorities. This evaluation will improve quality of services and treatments provided by dental students to their patients under the supervision of the faculty. Results obtained will also provide authorities with a clear feedback about academic infrastructure.
... Regarding condensation and density of the remaining GPs, 11.7% of included cases exhibited poor density, which was in contrast with findings of studies by Smadi et al, 9 Abraham and Abdullah, 13 AbuMostafa et al, 24 Chakravarthy and Moorthy, 25 and Balto et al. 26 Warm vertical condensation was used in our school during RCT; this method shows greater advantages over cold lateral condensations. ...
Aim:
Post and core procedures are important clinical methods in routine dental practice. The present research aimed to radiographically assess the quality of post seating performed by undergraduate students at the College of Dentistry, Jazan University.
Materials and methods:
A total of 343 periapical X-rays of cemented posts (170 from males and 173 from females) were assessed. The assessment covered tooth type, arch, gender, type of post, length of post in relation to the crown and root lengths, the presence of any abnormality in post space, status of the remaining gutta-percha (GP), and the presence or absence of spaces between the end of post and GP. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) program (version 21), and associations between variables were determined using chi-squared or Fisher's exact tests.
Results:
Maxillary teeth were the most frequently restored with posts, and the majority (41%) comprised incisors. Similarly, glass fiber post (69%) and taper-shaped posts (86%) were the most used posts. The majority of posts (81.6%) featured a width one-thirds that of the root. Lengths of posts were twice (58%) or equal to (51%) crown and root length respectively. More than 55% of cases presented 3 to 5 mm of GP at their apical portion, and 29% reached more than 5 mm. Approximately 5 to 8% of assessed cases revealed widening of periodontal ligaments, presence of periapical pathologies, and deviation of posts from the canal wall. Most cases (75%) showed the absence of space between GP and the post end.
Conclusion:
Qualities of assessed post and core restorations conducted by the 6th year dental students were clinically acceptable.
Clinical significance:
Periodic evaluation to determine the quality of delivered treatments is a vital cue for health service authorities. This evaluation will improve quality of services and treatments provided by dental students to their patients under the supervision of the faculty. Results obtained will also provide authorities with a clear feedback about academic infrastructure.
Background:
To assess the quality of endodontic record-keeping and root canal obturation performed by undergraduate final year dental students during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Materials and Methods:
Dental records and dental radiographs of patients who received endodontic treatments between March 2020 and March 2022 by undergraduate students during the COVID-19 pandemic were included. The audit data were collected based on the European Society of Endodontology guidelines retrospectively via assessing the patient’s clinical records and intraoral periapical radiograph. Root canal obturation quality was evaluated based on the following parameters: adaptation, length, taper, and mishap. A root filling is defined as satisfactory only when all four parameters were graded as acceptable. Subsequently, the data were recorded and analysed using Chi-Square test with the level of significance set at p = 0.05.
Results:
A total of 111 patient records with 111 root canal-treated teeth were evaluated. The highest percentage of documented evidence was noted in the patient’s general records, while the endodontic treatment records showed the lowest percentage of documented evidence. 78 (70.3%) of root canal-treated teeth were deemed satisfactory with acceptable adaptation, length, taper, and absence of mishap. Moreover, no statistical significance in terms of root canal filling quality was noted between anterior and posterior teeth, and between maxillary and mandibular arch.
Conclusions:
Although patient records and root canal fillings quality were deemed satisfactory in most cases, strict documentation requirements and continuing dental education in audit training are necessary for quality assurance.
